现在完成时(重点)

1、Winter has already come，will it still be far in spring ?冬天已经来了，春天还会远吗？冬天已经来了，春天还会远吗？主语主语 + have/ has + 过去分词（过去分词（pp）助动词表示助动词表示“有有” 现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构Winter has already come，will it still be far in spring ?主语主语 + have/ has + 过去分词（过去分词（pp）否定形式否定形式 havent ( have not ） +过去分词过去分词 hasnt ( has not ) +过去分词过去分

2、词疑问句疑问句 把助动词把助动词 have / has 放在句首放在句首 现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态动词构成：动词构成：have/has+v过去分词过去分词have breakfastI have just had my breakfast.(现在我不饿现在我不饿)Im not hungry nowmoved herein 2000I still live her

3、eI have lived here for eight years.I have lived here since 2000/eight years ago.I have been living here for eight years.Mother: Dear son, clean your teeth please.Son: Mum, I them.Mother: Dear, tell your father to have breakfast please.Son: Mum, dad breakfast .Father: Tell your mother to buy some mil

4、k, son.Son: Oh, she some.Mother: Dear , you must clean our house today?Father: Honey, we our house.1、规则变化（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）、规则变化（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited (2)、以、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live-lived 过去分词过去分词(3)、以、以“辅音字母辅音字母 + y ”

5、结尾的动词，将结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为变为 “i”， 再加再加“ ed ”。 ， study-studied-studied cry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped drop-dropped-dropped 2、不规则变化、不规则变化（过去分词与不规则动词的过去式形式一样）（过去分词与不规则动词的过去式形式一样）havehadhad spend spentspent makemademaden saysaidsa

6、id findfoundfound hearheardheard 3、不规则变化、不规则变化（过去分词与过去式形式不一样）（过去分词与过去式形式不一样）taketooktaken speak spokespoken singsangsung drivedrovedriven bewas/werebeen gowentgone 4、不规则变化、不规则变化（过去分词，过去式与动词原形一样）（过去分词，过去式与动词原形一样）cutcutcutput putput letletletreadreadread 1.规则动词 2.不规则动词finishlivecarrystopgoseeforget-fi

7、nished -finished-lived -lived-carried -carried-stopped -stopped-wentgone-saw seen-forgot-forgotten抄写动词以及过去式和过去分词。 1.be- e 3.go- 4.do 5.have- 6.drink 7.give- 8. eat 9.know- 10.make 11.run- 12.say 13.see- 14.find 15.draw- 16.get 17.hear- 18.begin 19.buy- 20.leavewas/were -beencame-comewent-gonedid-don

8、ehad-haddrank-drunkgave-givenate-eatenknew-knownmade-maderan-runsaid-saidsaw-seenfound-founddrew-drawngot-gotheard-heardbegan-begunbought-boughtleft-left现在完成时的现在完成时的用法用法1) 表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。Now we have planted all the trees.He has just come back. They have built many buildings

9、in this city. 2) 表示过去发生的动作表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。强调结果或对现在的影响。Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的窗户现在是坏的)I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙我现在没有钥匙)I havent read that book yet . (不了解书的内容不了解书的内容)I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的手是干净的)常与常与already(已经已经), yet(已经已经), just(刚刚刚刚),ever(曾经曾经)等词连用等词连用.

10、 already: 常用于肯定句中常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句常用于否定句,疑问句尾疑问句尾. 3) 表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born . Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years? 常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用. for+ 时间段 since+时间点

11、, since+ 句子注：并非所有for作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时I worked here for more than twenty years.(我现在已经不在这里工作了我现在已经不在这里工作了)I have worked here for more than twenty years.（现在我仍在这里工作）（现在我仍在这里工作）since: (自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点He has stayed here since 5 oclock.2)since+ 时间段时间段+ agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since+

12、从句从句She has taught English since he came here. for: (长达）长达）for+ 时间段时间段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.since , for 的用法的用法: Take notes 用for 或since填空1.Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. 2. Ive taken driving lessons _last month. 3. My sister has had her cell phone _a month . 4. My friends havent visi

13、ted me _my birthday. 5. We havent used our car _ a long time . 6. She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _years. 7. Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 years old. for since forsinceforforsinceHe has gone to Shanghai.他他(已经已经)去上海了。去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他他(曾经曾经) 去过上海。去过上海。has gone to swh. :某人去了某地，还没有回来ha

14、ve been to swh. : 曾经去过某地，已经回来辨析 have gone to 和have been to辨析 have been to和 have gone toMy father has gone to Shanghai for a meeting.他（已经）去了上海。My father has been to Shanghai for a meeting.他（曾经）去了上海。 She has been to China . 她（曾经）去过中国。（人已经回来了）have been to someplace. 曾经去过某地，已经回来曾经去过某地，已经回来has gone to so

15、meplace.某人去了某地，还没有回来某人去了某地，还没有回来 She has gone to China last week.上周她去了上海 。（人可能回来了也可能没回来）用用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空填空：1.Where is your brother? He _ the shop. Hell be back soon.2. _ you ever _ to America? Yes, I _ New York twice.3. Here you are at last! Where _ you _? I _ London.4. David _

16、Australia. Im sure hes already arrived.5. Is Benny here? No, he _ the school library. He left five minutes ago.has gone toHave been tohave been tohave beenhave been tohas gone tohas gone to 常用于现在完成时的时间副词常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词介词:already (已经): 用于肯定句I have already posted the letter .yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He has

17、nt done his homework yet.just(刚刚) They have just left. ever(曾经) Have you ever been to Beijing ?never(从不) I have never seen him .before(以前) Have you seen the film before?since(自从以来) Ive worked in the school since 1999.for(长达) Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past several days / weeks/ years(在

18、过去的)recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到目前为止)this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)真真 题题 解解 析析1. By the end of last year we _ more than 200 students of English all over the province.(02) A. trained B. would have trained

19、 C. had trained D. have trained2. Catherine is one of the brightest students who _ from the Department of Computer Science, Brown University.(02) A. is graduated B. has graduated C. are graduated D. have graduated3. They started off at about 5 oclock in the morning. They should _ there by now.(02) A

20、. arrive B. have been arriving C. have arrived D. be arriving4. Allen _ any good job since he came to New York City two years ago.A. hasnt found B. didnt find C. doesnt find D. hadnt found(03)5. Its reported that by the end of last month the sale of the company _ by 10%.(04) A. has risen B. had been

21、 rising C. had risen D. has been rising6. Mary has a lot of letters to write today. She _ all afternoon and she _yet.(05) A. has been writing; hasnt finished B. has written; hasnt finished C. writes; doesnt finish D. wrote; didnt finish7. The number of girls receiving college education_ in the count

22、ry during the past 10 years.(06) A. is doubled B. has doubled C. was doubled D. had doubled8. The old man went to the information center soon after his arrival as the city _ so much.(07) A. is changing B. changes C. had changed D. has changed9. It is over a year now since I came to the company, but

23、I_ the manager yet.(08) A. havent met B didnt meet C dont meet D wouldnt meet10. You cant do anything else until you your homework.(09) A. finished B. will finish C. have finished D. had finished11. He told me that the number of students to be admitted at that time. A. had not been decided on B. wer

24、e not decided on(09) C. has not been decided on D. are not decided onHomework: 模拟试卷：模拟试卷： P8，6 P16.17 P30.19 P37.15 P37.20 写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词。1 leave -_-_2 catch-_-_3 tell-_-_4 stand-_-_5 get-_-_6 hurt-_-_7 put-_-_8 come-_-_9 run-_-_10 begin-_-_11 swim-_-_12 draw-_-_13 know-_-_14 do-_-_15 go-_-_16 give-_-_17 see-_-_18 driv