新概念英语二第8课课件

1、Lesson 8Lesson 8The best and the worst The best and the worst competitionkmp tin n. 比赛比赛neat ni:t adj. 整齐的整齐的path p: n. 小路小路,小径小径woodenwudn adj. 木头的木头的pool pu:l n. 水池水池单词学习单词学习 neat adj. 整齐的, 整洁的,井井有条 Eg.保持桌面整洁 Keep your desk neat. 多么整洁的房间啊！ what a neat room! what a mess! 拓：neat=tidy tidy eg整理房间 tid

2、y the room 对比：clean adj. 干净的 path n. 1. (行人走出来的) 小径,窄路 Eg. We followed the path around the office building. 我们沿着办公大楼周围的小路走。path p: n. 小路小路,小径小径laneroadRoad:Road:供交通车辆行驶的路lane:lane:指乡间篱笆围墙间的小道或城市中的小街胡同; ;streetavenueStreetStreet：街道avenueavenue：大道，林荫大道wooden adj. 1)木木(制制)的的 木凳木凳 a wooden bench 木桥木桥 a

3、wooden bridge wood 木头木头go for a walk in the woodswoods 树林树林 pool n. 水池(人工的) Eg.游泳池 swimming pool He lay in a pool of blood. 他躺在血泊中。 拓：pond 池塘（天然的） competition n. 比赛，竞赛固短：赢得比赛 win a competition have / hold a competition 举行比赛 withdraw from a competition 退出比赛 拓：compete kmpi:t vi. 竞争；比赛；对抗 固短： compete w

4、ith (与竞赛) compete for (为竞赛) compete against (与对决) compete over (打败.)Questions1.Who has the best garden in the town?2.What does he win each year?3.What does the author always win a prize for ?Questions1.Who has the best garden in the town?Joe Sander.2.What does he win each year?The Nicest Garden Comp

5、etition.3.What does the author always win a prize for ?A little prize for the worst garden in the town . Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town enters for The Nicest Garden Competition each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Friths garden is larger than Joes. Bill works harder than J

6、oe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joes garden is more interesting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in

7、 the town! 在镇里比尔的花园是最大的。在镇里比尔的花园是最大的。 Bills garden is the largest in the town. = Bills garden is larger than any other garden in the town. NearlyNearly everybody everybody enters enters for for The Nicest Garden The Nicest Garden Competition Competition eacheach year, but year, but Joe wins Joe wins

8、 every every time.time. nearly = almost “几乎几乎”、“差不多差不多”、“差点儿差点儿” Eg. I have nearly forgotten his name. 我差点把他的名字忘了。我差点把他的名字忘了。 Im nearly/almost ready. 我快准备好了。我快准备好了。 Each 和和every 均可译为均可译为“每一个每一个”。二者常常。二者常常 可以互相代替使用可以互相代替使用: Every /Each time I wash the car it rains. 但是但是each更强调个体，它常用以指一个确定的更强调个体，它常用以指

9、一个确定的并通常是有限的数目并通常是有限的数目 Each child in the school was questioned. Every 却不那么强调个体，常用来指一个大的、却不那么强调个体，常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目；不确定的数目； Every child enjoys Christmas. 另外，另外，each既可以作形容词又可作代词，但既可以作形容词又可作代词，但every只能作形容词只能作形容词 They each have a share. Each of us has his own work to do.enter for 报名参加（各种竞赛，考试等活动）报名参加（各种竞

10、赛，考试等活动）多少学生报名参加比赛？多少学生报名参加比赛？ How many students entered for the competition?join 参加组织或加入参加组织或加入某人某人 e.g. join the army, join the singing group， join us join in=take part in参加活动参加活动 e.g. They all took an active part in the fighting. Im glad to join in the discussion. enter v. 进入进入 enter the room拓：拓：

11、entrance n.入口入口 Put in the word “for” where necessary.1.He is very ill. No one is allowed to enter_ his room.2.Will you enter_ this weeks crossword competition? 3.Many athletes have entered_ the Olympic Games this year.4. No one saw the thief when he entered_ the building.5.I have entered _ the exam

12、ination but I dont want to take it. win（won，won） v. 赢赢 vi. 赢赢win-lose winner-loser vt. 赢得赢得 win something 后面往往是奖品后面往往是奖品,不能接对手不能接对手 赢得了一个奖赢得了一个奖 win a prize （for） 我赢得了一本书我赢得了一本书 I won the book. win “赢赢”、“获胜获胜”、“得到成功得到成功”，它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、战争或运动等等。产、战争或运动等等。 beat “打打”、“击败击败”、“战胜战胜

13、”。后面跟的是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中后面跟的是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人。的敌人。beat sb.Bill Bill FrithsFriths garden is garden is larger than Joes.larger than Joes.名词加名词加s 表示所属关系，构成名词的所有格，表示所属关系，构成名词的所有格，这类名词往往指有生命的东西，特别是人。这类名词往往指有生命的东西，特别是人。所有格的语法作用相当于形容词，限定后面所有格的语法作用相当于形容词，限定后面的名词。这个被限定的名词在上下文中第二的名词。这个被限定的名词在上下文中第二次被提到时可以省略，只要不引起

14、误解。次被提到时可以省略，只要不引起误解。 My pen is lost. This one is my brothers.He has He has mademade neat neat paths and has paths and has built built a wooden bridge a wooden bridge over a pool.over a pool. make和和build “修建，建造修建，建造” make的词义比较笼统、广泛，的词义比较笼统、广泛， “做、作出、制造做、作出、制造”等等 这件裙子是你自己做的吗？这件裙子是你自己做的吗？ Have you mad

15、e the skirt by yourself? build主要限于建筑业，主要限于建筑业， 建造，建设，盖房子，修筑（桥梁）建造，建设，盖房子，修筑（桥梁） 他们沿着河修了条路。他们沿着河修了条路。 They have made a road along the river.变形1.1. 单音节形容词/ /少数以- -erer/ /owow结尾的形容词和副词，加erer或者estest变成比较级或者最高级Great-greater-greatestClever-cleverer-cleverestNarrow-narrower-narrowest变形2.2. 以-e-e结尾的单音节形容词和副

16、词，加-r/-r/-stst，比如Large-larger-largestSimple-simpler-simplest变形3 3 以一个辅音字母结尾的单音节形容词，如果其前的元音字母发短元音，要双写该辅音字母，然后加- -erer/ /estest，例如：Hot-hotter-hottest变形4. 4. 以辅音加y y结尾的形容词，和少数不是由“形容词+ +lyly” ”构成的副词要将y y改为i i，然后加上erer/ /estestEasy-easier-easiestEarly-earlier-earliestHappy-happier-happiest变形5. 5. 双音节和多音节

17、的形容词和副词通常是在原级前加上More,More,或者MostMost构成比较级和最高级：beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful; carefully-more carefully-most carefully变形不过，以形容词词缀UnUn开头的三音节形容词不适用于上述情况，而是直接按照erer/ /estest的方式，比如unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest变形6. 6. 少数单音节形容词也通过more, more, mostmost构成比较级和最高级，如Tired- more tired most tired; pleased

18、more pleased most pleased变形8. 8. 特殊形式：good/well(better best)bad/ill(worse worst)many/much(more most)little(less least)far(farther further , farthest furthest)old(older elder, oldest eldest)比较级常见结构1.1.比较级+than+than这支笔比那支笔好。The pen is better than that one.比较级常见结构2. less/more + 2. less/more + adjadj.+t

19、han.+than这个房间没有那间漂亮。The room is less beautiful than that one.比较级常见结构3. 在比较级前，我们可以加上表示程度的状语，比如even, a lot, a bit, a little, even, a lot, a bit, a little, still, much, farstill, much, far等他工作的甚至比以前还努力。He works even harder than before.vThis book is far more interesting than that one.v 这本书比那一本有趣多了。这本书比那

20、一本有趣多了。 vYouve been working much harder than I have. v 你一直比我工作得努力多了。你一直比我工作得努力多了。 vShe came even earlier than I asked (him to). v她来得甚至比我叫她来的时间还要早。她来得甚至比我叫她来的时间还要早。 比较级常见结构4. The +比较级，the + 比较级 “越越”The harder he works, the happier he feels.比较级常见结构5. 比较级+and+比较级 more and more+原级 “越来越”天气变得越来越冷了。The wea

21、ther is getting colder and colder.她越来越漂亮了。She is more and more beautiful 比较级常见结构6. the +比较级（of the two）Mary is the taller of the twins.1. 在使用比较级时，比较级后用在使用比较级时，比较级后用than：My room is cleaner than the one next door.2. 最高级的限定范围一般用最高级的限定范围一般用of，in等介词短语；限等介词短语；限定范围也可以是从句；如果范围很清楚，则可以定范围也可以是从句；如果范围很清楚，则可以省略。

22、省略。 John is the tallest of the three brother.Mary is the most intelligent person Ive ever met.最高级常见结构1. 最高级副词+among/in（地）/of（同类） the+最高级+among/ in（地）/of （同类）我是这里所有人中最高的。（中国最高的）I am the tallest among/ of all the people here.（in China）他是所有学生中跑的最快的。He runs fastest of all the students . （这里没有the） This i

23、s the coldest day in ten years.最高级常见结构2. The least/most +形容词原型；least/most+副词原型The book is interesting.The 2nd book is less interesting than the 1st one.The 3rd book is the least interesting one of all.最高级常见结构3. 不用the，而改用a/an 表示极其非常He is a most important person.最高级常见结构4.The + 序数词加最高级The 2nd longest r

24、iver in China is the Yellow River.否定意义的词否定意义的词+比较级比较级 表最高级表最高级I have never heard a better song.= This is the best song that I have ever heard.Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been . (2010年全国年全国II 卷卷) A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most pop

25、ularevery构成的合成词构成的合成词 every和和one，body，thing可以构成复合不定代词可以构成复合不定代词 Everyone和和everybody一般可以替换使用一般可以替换使用 这一类词本身均被视为单数。这一类词本身均被视为单数。 Eg.一切都很顺利。一切都很顺利。 Everything is going well. 后面的代词既可以用单数，也可以用复数后面的代词既可以用单数，也可以用复数 Everyone/Everybody knows what he has to do. 每个人都知道自己必须做什么。每个人都知道自己必须做什么。 = Everyone/Everybod

26、y knows what they have to do. 与与every 一样可以构成这类合成词的还有一样可以构成这类合成词的还有some,any ,no课文讲解课文讲解 Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town ._ _enters for The Nicest Garden Competition each year, but Joe _every time. Bill Friths garden is larger than Joes. Bill works harder than Joe and_ more flowe

27、rs and vegetables, but Joes garden is more interesting. He has made _paths and has built a _ bridge _a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize _the worst garden in the town! 1. d 根据课文的头一句和最后一句，只有根据课文的头一

28、句和最后一句，只有d.是正是正确答案，其他确答案，其他3个选择都与课文内容不符合。个选择都与课文内容不符合。 2. b 根据课文第根据课文第6-7行行I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work 可以可以推测推测b.是正确答案，其他是正确答案，其他3个选择都与事实不符个选择都与事实不符合。合。 3. b a. larger garden 前面没有冠词前面没有冠词a,不合乎语法不合乎语法; c. large garden 前面也缺少冠词前面也缺少冠词a, d. largest garden中最高级前面应该有定冠词中最高级前面应该有定冠词the,而

29、且在两者相比时也不能使用最高级。而且在两者相比时也不能使用最高级。 所以只有所以只有b. a large garden 最符合语法。最符合语法。 4. a 本句需本句需 要比较级形式。要比较级形式。 B. more hard 中的中的hard 是单是单音节词，其比较形式是在词尾加音节词，其比较形式是在词尾加-er; c. more hardly 中中 hardly(几乎不。几乎不。)词意思不对词意思不对;d. hardier 中原形中原形hardy 是表示是表示“强壮的强壮的”与课文不符合与课文不符合; 只有只有a. harder 最符合比较级形式。最符合比较级形式。 5. c a. by,

30、b. for , d. from 都不能同比较级连用，只有都不能同比较级连用，只有c. than 才可以和比较级连用。才可以和比较级连用。 6. c 应该选同前一句应该选同前一句The writer is fond of garden 意思相意思相近的句子。近的句子。 A. They like him 意思同前一句相意思同前一句相反反; b. they like to him 有语法错误，也同前一句意思有语法错误，也同前一句意思不符合不符合;d. He likes 有语法错误，缺少宾语有语法错误，缺少宾语; 只有只有c. He likes them 意思最接近，没有语法错误。意思最接近，没有语

31、法错误。 7. b a. in , c. for, d. by 都不符合语法，都不符合语法， 在意思上也讲不在意思上也讲不通。通。 只有只有b. of 才能使句子的意思完整，也合乎语法。才能使句子的意思完整，也合乎语法。 8. b a. wins(获胜，获奖获胜，获奖)做及物动词时，它后面的宾语做及物动词时，它后面的宾语一般不是人，而应是一般不是人，而应是wind the game/race等等;c. gains(获利，获利，赚得赚得)后面的宾语也不是人后面的宾语也不是人;d. earns(挣得，获得挣得，获得)后面的后面的直接宾语也不应该是人直接宾语也不应该是人;只有只有b. beats 有有“(在竞赛中在竞赛中)打打败败/战胜战胜/取胜取胜”的意思，而且的意思，而且beat 后面的宾语可以是人，后面的宾语可以是人，所以选所以选b. 9. a 只有选只有选a. grow 才能使这个句子同前面的句子意思才能使这个句子同前面的句子意思相同。相同。 Grow 可