最新译林版七年级英语下册Unit1-4期中复习语法梳理

1、七年级下册7BUnit1-Unit4 期中复习语法梳理【知识梳理】一、基本结构一般将来时有两种结构：be going to do / will do.We will have a picnic in the park this weekend.=We are going to have a picnic in the park this weekend.如果主语是第一人称，句子是表示征求别人意见的一般疑问句时，用shall， will 用于第二人称 you, 而 be going to 则不能表示征求别人的意见。例如：Shall we go climbing tomorrow? 我们明天去爬山

2、好吗？Will you go shopping with me soon? 过会你要不要和我一起去逛街呀？（1）用will构成的将来时，表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。"shall用于第一人称，“will ”用于所有人称。如： I will graduate from this school soon.（ 我很快就要从这所中学毕业了）/ Youwill stay alone after I leave.（ 我走了之后你就要一个人过了）（2）“am/is/are going to副词原形”表示打算或准备要做的事情，或者主观判断即将要发生的事情,而 “ am/is/are to +动词原形”

3、表示安排或计划中的动作。如：A man told them that thewoman was to give birth to the special baby.（ 有一个人告诉他们那个妇女就会生下那个特别的男孩）/ It ' s going to rain soon帙要下雨了）二 、用法详解1）将来要发生的动作。We will have a writing competition next Sunday.My mother will buy a coat for me.2）将来一段时间内的状态。I will work in the shop during this summer h

4、oliday.3）一般将来时的时间标志有：tomorrow, soon, this evening, tonight, this weekend, in two days,in 2020, next week 等。常用的时间状语A. 由 tomorrow 组成的，如： tomorrow morning/evening 明天早晨、晚上the day after tomorrow 后天B.由 next 组成的，如：next Tuesday/Sunday 下周二/日C.由this组成的，如：this afternoon/evening 今天下午/晚上D.由coming组成的，如：the coming

5、 Sunday下个星期天这些表时间的单词或短语的前面都不能加介词E.由in组成的，如：in two hours 在2小时内，in a few days在几天内in the future 在未来I will finish my work in two days 。We will take par t in Mary ' s birthday party tonight三、句式变化1) 一般将来时的否定句：在be动词或者will后面直接加not.He won ' t go out because it is raining.He isn ' t going to play

6、the piano this evening.2) 一般将来时的一般疑问句：直接将 be动词或will提前放到句首。Will you have a test next week?Are you going to join us?3) 一般将来时的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词开头，后面加一般疑问句。When will you finish your homework?四、特殊注意点1)主将从现：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来动作，主句用将来时 If you work hard, you will get better grades.If you eat too much, you will

7、become e, go, arrive, leave, end,2) 现在进行时表将来：如果该动作时计划安排好了的，且动词是start, end 等表示动向的动词时，可用现在进行时表将来。Christmas is coming.Mr. Smith is leaving for Beijing this evening.3)一般现在时表将来：第一种就是出现在主将从现原则中，其次考查较多的是时刻表。The train leaves at three o clock.数词一、数词的基本分类1) 基数词表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如one, five, ten, thirty, six

8、ty-five 等。2) 序数词表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。二、数词的构成1、基数词的构成1)1-20 表达英语中有相对应的单词，两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one;三位数如 one hundred and twenty-one,百位和十位之间加 and,后面两位数要加 连字符，四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加and,如1134 one thousand, one hundred andthirty-four 。英语中没有万，千万，亿等单位，如果需要表示万的话用thousand 计算 , 如 1,4

9、283fourteen thousand two hundred and eighty-three ；如果需要表示千万和亿的话用million 计算，如 2,1824,5200 two hundred and eighteen million two hundred and forty-five thousand and two hundred 。2)用作基数词单位的hundred, thousand, million, billion 不带复数词尾-s,但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如：About two thousand people died in the eart

10、hquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。3） 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如：He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20 世纪 30 年代。数词和名词，形容词连用时有连字符和没有连字符在句中的位置是有区别的，例如five-year-old 和 five years old. 有连字符的在句中做定语，修饰后面的名词；无连字符的在句中做表语，放

11、在系动词后面。The five-year-old boy can dress himself. 那个 5 岁的孩子自己能穿衣服了。My son is a five-year-old boy.我的儿子是一个五岁的男孩。2、序数词的构成许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th 构成的，如four / fourth ， sixteen / sixteenth； twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie,再加-th构成。一二三，特殊记，加 th 从四起；八少t,九少e;逢五与十二，f替ve ;二十到九十，y 变 ie；（ first

12、 ， second， third ）（ 从四开始所有的序数词都是以th 结尾的。）（eight去t加th变成eighth, nine去e加上th变成ninth）（five , twelve 中 ve 变为 f 再加 th,就成为 fifth , twelfth）（ 2090 等十位整数的基数词都是以y 结尾的，变成序 数词时要变 y为ie,再加th。例如：twentieth, thirtieth等。）若是几十几，前基后序要牢记。（这些词的序数词写法是：十位数保持基数词不变，个位数改成序数词，如：twenty-first, ninety-fifth. ）百位数的序数词：百位数用基数词后面十位数或

13、个位数的序数词，如：序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成，如：第二百二十two hundred and twentieth第二百零三two hundred and thirdtwo hundred and twentieth - 220thtwo hundred and third - 203rd第九 ninth十九 nineteen第十九nineteenth九十 ninety第九十ninetieth第四 fourth 十四 fourteen 第十四fourteenth 四十 forty 第四十fortieth三、数词的用法：1) 序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词

14、性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。如：Today is my father fosrtieth birthday.有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如：We ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。2)时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five o'clock, seven thirty, two to eight 等。3) 年，月，日的表示：年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：in 1999，五月八号写作 Maytheeighth表示在几世纪这个概念时，用序数词。例如：在21 世纪 写作 in th

15、e twenty-first century.4) 在分数的表达，分子须用基数词,分母用序数词。分子如是1 以上的基数词,分母须用复数形式。如 1/3 写作 a/one third ， 3/4 写作 three fourths。5) 编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。例如：Lesson 1， the first lesson.冠词的用法冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词，不定冠词a/an 常用来泛指某个人或物，定冠词 the 常用来指特定的某个人或物。1、不定冠词a/ana/an 用在表示“一 ”的概念，但不强调数目概念。我们在第一次提到某人或某物时，

16、如果是可数名词单数，常在其前加不定冠词a/an。"a/an +单数名词”表示个”或 某一”。(1)表示个"，相当于one,指某人或某物I have a new computer.我有一台新电脑。(2) 代表一类人或物A knife is a tool for cutting with.刀是切东西的工具。(3) 用于一些习惯用语中。如a lot of 许多； a little 少量； a kind of 一类。I want a pear. I don t want an apple. 我想要一个梨。我不想要一个苹果。2、定冠词the(1) 定冠词 the 用在谈到之前提过的某

17、人或某物前，或特指某(些 )人或物，使其区别于同类的其他人或事物，相当于 this, that, these, those,可以与可数名词连用，也可与不可数名 词连用。(2) 用于表示上文已提及的人或事物。I have a new bike. The bike is a birthday present from my uncle.我有一辆新自行车。这辆车是我叔叔送给我的生日礼物。(3) 用于表示谈话双方都知道的人或事物。He is waiting for me at the school gate. 他在学校门口等我。(4) 用于序数词和最高级前。This is the first time

18、 for me to visit Beijing. 这是我第一次去北京旅行。Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant in Beijing. 埃迪想住在北京最大的参观旁边。(5) 用于世界上独一无二的事物前。The Earth moves around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。(6) 用于方位名词前。Jiangsu is in the east of China.江苏位于中国东部。(7) 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。我们打算去游览长城。We are going to visit the Great Wall.(8) 用于乐

19、器名词前。He can t play football, but he can play the violin. 他不会踢足球，但是他会拉小提琴。(9) 与一些形容词连用，表示一类人，是复数概念。In China, the old live a happy life.在中国，老人们过着幸福的生活。(10) 用于姓氏的复数前，表示一家人，是复数概念。The Greens are having afternoon tea at present. 此刻，格林一家正在喝下午茶。(11) 用于一些习惯用语中，如：In the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上In th

20、e middle of.在的中间3、零冠词(1) 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。如：China , America, Smith中国、美国、史密斯(2)可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。如：This dictionary is mine.这个字典是我的(3)季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。如：March, May Day, National Day三月、五一劳动节、国庆节Did you have supper?你吃午饭了吗？Spring is the best season of the year.春天是一

21、年中最好的季节。(4)学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。如：Do you study physics?你学习物理吗？He likes playing football/chess.他喜欢踢足球/下象棋。(5)复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。如：They are workers.他们是工人。(6)在与by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。如：They often go to school by bus.他们经常坐公交车上学。批注： in a car, on the bike, take a bus, on the train/ bus 需注意。(7)某些固定词组中不用冠词。名词词组中：

22、husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork介词词组中：to(at, from) school, in (to)class, in (to, at, from)university ( college) ,to( in, into,from ) church, to(in, into, out of)prison(hospital, bed), to(at, from, out of)work, to(in, from) town, at (from)home, to(at)

23、sea, at night(noon, midnight), by car (bus, bicycle, plane), on foot【例题精讲】例 1. -Is he going to see you tomorrow?A. Yes, he doesB. No, he doesn ' t C. Yes, he willD. No, he isn例 2. It is too hot today, Simon is going to with his family .A. swimB. swimsC. swimmingD. swimmer例 3. -we go shopping tog

24、ether now?-OK, But you wait for a moment ?A. Shall; shallB. Will; willC. Shall; willD. Will; shall例 4 .visitors come to Changzhou during May Day holidays every year.A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousand例 5 . How was your weekend?Great! It was my grandfather's birthday. We e

25、njoyed ourselves.A. seventyB. seventiethC. the seventieth D. Seventeenth例 6. May is the month of a year.A. fiftyB. fifteenC. fifthD. five例 7. How was dinner at Sandy' shouse?It was great. Sandy' mum is excellent cook.A. a, theB. the, anC. the, theD. a, an例 8.What do you think of idea of taki

26、ng part in ' EarthHour' ?-Wonderful! I ' veever heard of one! We can reduce pollution in this way.A. an; the betterB. the; a betterC. an; a betterD. the; the best例 9. -Who'swoman in blue, do you know?-Oh, she's friend of Anna's.A. the; aB. an; theC. a; theD. the; anDAC ABC BB

27、A【课堂练习】1. 用动词的适当形式填空1. There(be) a great concert tonight, isn t there?2. -“ I need some paper. “ ”I (bring) some for you.3. I am afraid there (be) a meeting tomorrow. I can t join you.4. your father (go) to work every day last year?5. If she isn t free tomorrow, she (not take) pthaert pinarty.6. I (

28、be) tired. I (go) to bed early tonight.7. We all think their team (win).答案： 1. is going to be2. will bring 3. will be /is going to be4. Did , go5. won t take 6. am , will go7. will win2 .用数词的适当形式填空1. Even a child knows September is the month of a year. ( nine)2. Three (hundred)of the students are da

29、ncing at the square after supper.3. My family live on the five ) floor of the tall building.4. I ve bought a present for my father s(forty)birthday.5. December is the(twelve) month of it.6. Chinese people plant several (million) trees every year.7. Now (thousand) of people around the world can t get

30、 clean water.8. The doctor advised him to take the medicine (two) a day.Keys ： 1. ninth 2. hundred 3. fifth 4. fortieth 5. twelfth 6. million 7. thousands 8.Twice3 . 单选题1. Shanghai is attractive city. It's such nice place that many tourists come here every summer.A. a; aB. the; /C. an; /D. an; a

31、2. - My son seldom has breakfast.-It is unhealthy habit. You must ask him to change it.A. /; anB. the; anC. /; aD. the; a3. Lady Gaga is very popular singer. She has lots of fans.A. aB. anC. theD. /4. This summer, I'm going to visit Great Wall.A. aB. anC. theD. /5. Every day, Cathy eats apple to

32、 keep fit.A. aB. anC. theD. /Keys : DAACB课堂检测单选题一：1. Can you show me pen? This one is too expensive.A. other B. others C. another D. the other2. I ' m afraid riding to school less time than taking the bus.A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays3. We ' ll have a walk.A. ten minutes B. ten-minutes

33、 ' C. ten-minuteD. ten minute ' s4. -Whatyour cat like?-It ' s friendly and cute.A. doesB. is C. areD. do5. -Do you know old woman in front of the South Gate?-Of course. She is our neighbor,80-year-old woman.A. an ; anB. the; an C. an; theD. the; the6. These are cards. They are.A. ours,

34、theirB. our, his C. ours, theirsD. our, your7. difficult work the engineer is busy doing! What can we do to help him?A. WhatB. What a C. HowD. How a8. Tom spends on English. Now he is at it.A. enough time, enough goodB. enough of time, enough goodC. enough of time, good enough D. enough time, good e

35、nough9. -What about going rowing this weekend? -That great.A. hearsB. is sounds C. soundsD. sounds like10. - Can you write the number-“fiveeitghhotusand six hundred and twenty- six ”.-Yes. It s.A. 8500060026B. 8560026C. 85626D. 8506002611. Our teachers often say three years really short. They hope e

36、verybody canstudy hard.A. beB. isC. areD. to be12. -How soon shall we start the bicycle trip?A. In three days B. In three days timeC. Three days ago D. Thr ee days later13. The teacher tells us .A. don t play on the roadB. not be late againC. come to school on footD. not to go to school late14. Jim,

37、 with his parents, back to London next week.A. is goingB. are goingC. will goesD. goesThe nurse says to15. Take this medicine and it will make you better soon.the boy.A. to feel, sickB. feel, sickC. feeling, ill D. feels, ill答案： CBCBB BADCC BBBAB单选题二1. It s unusual thing for e-igyhetar-old girl to f

38、ind UFO.A. a; a; aB. an; an; aC. an; a; anD. a; an; an2. How much does it to fly from Nantong to Beijing?A. costB. payC. spendD. take3. You afraid of doing homework. You know, it' s easy. Just be careful.A. don ' t have to B. have to beC. don ' t have D. don ' t have to be4. Do you s

39、hare the room your brother or have bedroom?A. and; your own B. with; yourself C. with; your own D. and; yourself 5.the road, then the fruit shop and you' ll see the hospital.A. Walk. cross; walk passB. Across; pastC. Walk across; passD. Cross; past6. Tim stopped and lay on the ground, so we all

40、stopped what happened to him.A. to run, to seeB. running, to see C. to run, seeing D. running, seeing7. Who are you waiting the school gate, Millie?A.不填B. forC. for atD. at8. Mr Li doesn ' t have a good.asetoh do much every day.A. work; jobB. job; workC. job; jobD. work; work9. -Why are you in a

41、 hurry, Jack?-There a basketball game in ten minutes.A. are going to beB. will haveC. is going to have D. will be10. The birds flies the window quickly when Jack tries to catch it.A. acrossB. crossC. throughD. along1-5 BADCC 6-10 BCBDC课后练习词汇A.根基中文，英文释义或句意，写出所缺单词。1. Which one would you like to choose

42、 among these （工作）？2. Gong Li is a（well-known） film star.3. Your mother looks（ 担心）about your poor eyesight.4. I think you are clever enough to work put this Maths problem on your.5. She often misses P.E. lessons because of her 廨）.6. Someone is sleeping. Please open the door（悄悄地）7. -Can you tell me th

43、e（游客）names?-Sorry, I don t know them, either.8. A （a man who works in the police station） stops Mr. White s car on hhisway to work.8. 用所给词的适当形式填空。luck hear it work sixtyhour9. We are looking forward to from your soon.10. , they couldn t find their way home .11. Her flat is four floor below .12. What

44、 a lovely dog! Do you know name?13. We will have an rest after finishing the work.14. I was born in the .15. The story comes from one of Mo Yan s .C.用所给词的适当形式填空be sing look not play rain16. -Let us go out playing, will you?-Can t you see it ? Just stay at home and do some reading.17. Will you please

45、 compu ter so long? It s unhealthy.18. It s so wonderful a place. We can smell flowers and hear birds every day.19. There a sports meeting in our school tomorrow, isn t there?20. Don t worry. The police after your lost dog now.三句型转换1. If you study hard, you will be good at all the subjects. （同义句） ha

46、rd, you will be good at all the subjects.2. You will have a two-day holiday, right? （ 同义句）You will have a holiday, right?3. She will come back in two hours.（对划线部分提问） will she come back?4. Sometimes she goes to work by car.（同义句） Sometimes she work.5. It takes Mum lots of time to do housework every da

47、y.（ 同义句） Mum lots of time every day.四、根据所给首字母短文填空We have been in Australia for three days. We're having a w 1 time here. Australia is the sixth largest country in the world. There is so much to see that it is impossible for me to tell you everything. Sydney is a beautiful city. There are many bi

48、g trees and colorful flowers a 2 the houses and they l 3 really beautiful. There arealso some s 4 animals in Australia, such as kangaroos and koalas. They are really lovely.During the past three days we've visited many p 5 of interest aroundSydney. I'd like to s 6 more time here. But we s 7

49、fly to anothercity, Cairns, to see coral beds（珊瑚礁）tomorrow. It is said that words cannot describe the beauty of the colorful corals. Many f 8 cartoon films were made there. We canenjoy o 9 in Cairns this time tomorrow. I' m looking forward to gthere !..9.10.五、任务型阅读These days, a new kind of restaurant is becoming popular. People who go there can not only enjoy their meals, also can enjoy playing computer games and have fun with their family and friends on line. Sailor is the restaura