译林版九年级上册英语Unit8Detectivestories单词用法讲解-

1、译林版九年级上册英语Unit 8 Detective stories 单词用法讲解-Unit 8 Detective stories单词辨析1. clue 的含义及用法:线索,迹象,提示。【注意】clue 常与 to 搭配使用,构成clue to sth; 如 : There is no clue to the identity of the thief.没有确定窃贼身份的线索。练习：Detective Lu is checking the scene of the crime some clues identity of the killer.A. for; forB. for; toC.

2、to;toD. to;for解析： B2. missing adj. 缺少的；丢失的【注意】区分学习:gone;lost 和 missing:gonegone 表示 “丢了 ,没了”, 含有一去不复返的意味,在句中可作表语和补语,但不能做定语。如: My fever is gone,but I still have a cough.我的已经退了,但还有些咳嗽。She looked down at her dress and found he necklace gone.她低头看了一下自己的衣服,发现项链不见了。lostlost 表示 “丢失 ”, 含有失去后难以回归的意味,在句中可作定语,表语

3、和补语。如 : The parents found the lost child at last.这对父母亲终于找到了丢失的孩子。His elder brother was lost at sea.他的哥哥在海里失踪了。missingmissing 表示 “失踪了,不见了”, 强调某人或某物不在原处,在句中可作定语,表语和补语。如: My Japanese-Chinese dictionary is missing.我的日汉词典不见了。 The police are trying their best to find the missing school-girl.警方正在尽力寻找这个失踪的女

4、生。词组 go missing 的含义:不见,丢失。【拓展】 go 可用作连系动词,意为“变成 ”、 “处于 状态 ”, 后接形容词,而且多指不好的变化。如 : The food has gone bad. 食物变质了。I can't understand how I went wrong. 我搞不清是怎么走错路的。His face went red with anger. 他气得满脸通红。What can be done in order to make sure that no one in the world goes hung?为了确保没有人挨饿,人们可以做些什么呢?练习： (

5、1)The necklace made the police and its owner .A. gone; puzzled B. missing; puzzled C. missing; puzzling D. lost; puzzling(2) My dictionary .I have looked for it everywhere, but still it.A. is lost; don't findB. is missing; don t findC. has lost; haven't found D. is missing; haven't found

6、(3)我的日记不见了,我到处找也没有找到My diary .I have but I can't find it.解析 :BD;go missing;looked for it everywhere3. guilty 的含义及用法:adj.犯罪的,有罪的,心虚的。guiltybe guilty of sth. 犯了罪:有过失的;有罪责的。如 : He is guilty of murder. 他犯了谋杀罪。【拓展】be guilty about sth. 感到内疚的;感到惭愧的如： I felt guilty about not visiting my parents more oft

7、en.我因没有常去看望父母而感到内疚。【注意】请注意学习guilty 的比较等级形式为guiltier; guiltiest 或 more guilty ； most guilty,但是more guilty 和 most guilty 更常见: guilty 的副词形式为:guiltily ；其名词形式为guilt, 如 : a sense of guilt 内疚感练习： (1) Though the murderer is guilty murder, he doesn't feel guilty killingthe ballet dancer.A. of; aboutB. ab

8、out; of C. about; aboutD. of; of(2)据说那位受害者过去利用电脑犯过罪。in the past.解析： A;It is said that the victim was guilty of computer crimes4. confirm 的含义及用法:vt. 进一步证实;确定;支持。【注意】confirm 后可加 sth.也可加宾语从句,如 : Would you like me to confirm theappointment?您想让我确认一下您的预约吗？My employer will confirm that I was there on time.

9、 我的雇主将会证实,我是准时到达的。注意学习与confirm 相关的一个句型结构: It is/was/ has been confirmed that 经确认,经证实。此句型结构与It is/ was said that;It is/ was reported that; It is/ was well-known that 等相同。如 : It has been confirmed that Lewis's next fight will be against Bruno.已经确定刘易斯的下一场拳击赛将对阵布鲁诺。练习：请给我来封信,好进一步证实你在电话中传达的消息。Please

10、your telephone message to me.解析： confirm by writing5. victim 的含义及用法:受害者;牺牲者;遭难者【注意】其含义为:受害人,牺牲者,牺牲品:其常与介词of 搭配使用,意为 “ 的受害人（牺牲者、 牺牲品 ) ”。 如 : victims of war 战争的牺牲者:其固定词组为: become the victim of=fall avictim to 成为/沦为 的牺牲品。6. contact 的含义及用法:n&v. 接触:联系。contactU n. (尤指经常的)联系，联络contact with sb. 和某人联系，如

11、：I don cto ntact with my uncle. 我和叔父甚少联系。keep in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系如 : Have you kept in contact with any of your friends from college?你和你大学里的朋友还保持联系吗?( 拓展 ) lose contact with 与 失去的联系；make contact with与 取得联系vt.contact sb.联系某人如：If you have any problems,you can contact me anytime.如果有任何问题,你可以随时联系我

12、。练习 :(1)要进一步了解情况,为什么不通过电话或用邮件同那位成功的表演者联系呢,why not the successful performer or ?(1) If you want to know more about the charity, you can contact Mr. Liu 8888 4444 oremail him liuinbrisbane.A. on;onB. at; atC. at;onD. on: at解析： For further information contact by calling sending emails D7. wound 的含义和用法w

13、oundvt. 使受伤,伤害;如 : The bullet wounded his arm. 子弹打伤了他的胳膊。He wounded her in the arm. 他打伤了她的胳膊。Was he seriously/ badly wounded?他伤得很厉害吗?woundedadj.负伤的,受了伤(害 )的 ; 如 : The wounded were taken off to hospital. 受伤的人被送进医院。(此处结构与the poor,the rich,the young, the old 等类似)区分: wound,injury ,hurtbe wounded 或 recei

14、ve a wound 用于指枪或锐器如刀、剑等所造成的创伤。而be injured 或 receive an injury 用在指任何其他武器如重棒或炸弹所造成的创伤 ,或指在事故中所受的伤。wound 和 injury 表示受伤的程度都比hurt 严重。另 ,hurt 还可以表示“疼痛 ”.练习： (1) My chest when I take a deep breath, doctor.A. hurtsB. woundsC. harmsD. injures(2) well looked after in that hospital.A. Wounded are B. Wounded is

15、 C. The wounded are D. The wounded is(3) It won t y_o_u to change the plan now. You know, it is not practical.A. woundB. painC. hurtD. get hurt(4) The officers are doing what they can their soldiers from .A. to prevent; being woundedB. to prevent; woundingC. prevent;being woundedD. prevent; wounded解

16、析： ACCA8. charge的含义及用法:v.装满,控诉,责令,告诚,加罪于,收费charge(常与with 连用 )责令;公开指责;控诉 ; charge sb. with sth/ doing sth.如 : He was charged with stealing a car: 他被指控偷了一辆汽车。Those young men were charged by the police with causing a disturbance in the neighbourhood.警察指控那些青年人在这一带犯了扰乱治安罪。【拓展】收费; 要价charge sb/sth. for sth

17、,如 : How much did he charge you forrepairing the bicycle? 他修理自行车收了你多少钱?练习：(1) The man was charged into several computer systems last year.A. of breakingB. with breaking C. about breaking D. to break(2)上周他被指控闯入电脑系统。He computer system last week.解析： B was charged with breaking into9. 词组 break into 的含义

18、:vt.(有被动语态)强行闯入;撬开(汽车等);如 : His house was. broken into (e.g. by burglars) last week. 上星期有人闯入他的房屋(如窃贼)。The thieves planned to break into a bank. 行窃者计划洗劫银行。练习：警察到的时候,那些少年已经闯入了那位编辑的办公室。When the police arrived, the teenagers .解析： has broken into the editor s office10. suppose的含义及用法:vt 推想 ,假设,猜想;料想;conj.

19、假使 结果会怎样1. suppose意为“认为,猜测”, 后接 “宾语 +宾语补足语形式或后接that从句 ; suppose sb sth.(to be)+形容词介词短语的结构。如 : Everyone supposes him(to be)poor, but heis really quite wealthy. 大家都认为他很穷,实际上他很富裕。 suppose it+形容词 /名词 +to do 的结构。如: I suppose it my duty to help those in poverty. 我认为帮助那些处于贫困中的人是我的义务。2.【拓展】suppose可用于 “ be s

20、upposed不定式 +”的结构。 be supposed to do sth.= should do sth.意为“应该/理应做某事”, 表示被期望或被要求（按规则、惯例）做某事。如: We are supposed to help each other.我们理应互相帮助。（要求） You aresupposed to hand in your papers before class is over.希望你们下课前交卷子。（期望） be not supposed to do sth.常用来表示不允许或禁止做某事,语气比较委婉。如 : Students are not supposed to

21、play football in the classroom. 学生不允许在教室里踢足球。3.由suppose引导的宾语从句,如果主句的主语是第一人称I 或 we,并且主句谓语是一般现在时态,从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来,其反意疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。如: We don'tsuppose they will say sorry to her, will they?我们认为他们不会对她说对不起,是吧?注意: 与suppose 这种用法相同的还有: think, believe,imagine, expect 等。1. suppose用于简略答语中,用 so代替一个肯定的宾语从句;用n

22、ot 代替一个否定的宾语从句。如 :Do you suppose he'll fail to catch the train?I suppose so./I suppose not（= I don't suppose so.） 你认为他会错过火车吗?我想会的。我想不会。注意 :与 suppose 这种用法相同的还有: think,believe, expect, Imagine 等。 但应注意hope 和 be afraid 则不同于以上的用法。如 :Will he winthe game?-Yes, I hope so./No,I hope not.（不能用 I don

23、9;t hope so.）5. suppose可用于插入语中 do you suppose 用作插入语,用来征询对方对某事的看法,常放在疑问词的后面,并且句子要用陈述语序。如: When do you suppose we shall begin our class? 你认为我们什么时候开始上课 ?注意: 与 suppose 这种用法相同的还有: believe, expect,think, Imagine, guess 等。 I suppose 可用作插入语,表示说话者的态度或看法,常用于句中或句末。如:You don' t mindmy smoking, I suppose?我想你

24、不会介意我抽烟吧?She' ll be there today, I suppose.我想她今天能到那儿去。练习： (1)I don t suppose anyone will volunteer, ?A. do IB. d on t IC. will theyD. won t they(2)I haven t hefraormd Henry for a long time.What do you suppose to him?A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. had happened 解析： CC11. breathe的

25、含义和用法:v.&vt 呼吸,我们常说breathe in 吸入 , breathe out呼出。 如 : The doctortold me to breathe in deeply and then breathe.医生叫我先深深吸一口气,然后再把气吐出来。练习： (1) Follow me, guys! Close your eyes, open your arms and (breath)deeply.( 词汇运用 )(2)吉姆的呼吸开始粗重起来,我们知道他已经睡着了。Jim and we knew that he was asleep.解析： breathe,began to

26、 breathe heavily12. arrest的词性及含义:v&n. 逮捕;拘留。arrestvt.arrest sb for sth. 如 : The police arrested Jack for robbery. 警察因抢劫罪而逮捕了杰克。You could get arrested for doing that. 你干那种事可能要遭逮捕。C,Uunder arrest(for) 遭逮捕; 被逮捕,如 : He was under arrest for theft. 他因盗窃而被逮捕。练习 :(1) The engineer was arrest murder.A. on

27、;withB. under;with C. under;for D. in; for(2)Have you read the news about the bank theft in Handan, Hebei Province?Yes, one of the criminals, Ren Xiaofeng (arrest)in Lianyungang on April19.( 用动词的正确时态填空)解析： C,was arrested13. reward 的含义及用法:rewardn.C;U 酬报, 报答, 奖赏, 报偿如As a reward for passing herexam,she

28、 got a new bike from her parents.作为对她考试及格的奖励,父母给她买了一辆新自行车。C 赏金, 酬金。如: The police are offering a big reward forinformation about the robbery.警方为获得这起抢劫案的线索而重金悬赏。vt.【拓展】酬报 , 酬谢,报答, 奖赏。如 : They rewarded the boy with $5for bringing back the lost dog.他们给了那个男孩五美元来酬谢他把走失的狗送回来。as a reward for 作为(对某事的报酬奖赏； be

29、 rewarded by success获得成功;give (offer) areward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬; in reward of 作为奖励; reward sb. for sth. 为某事报答某人; reward sb.with for st为某事而以 h, 报答某人14. 词组 turn out 的含义 :结果（是 ）,原来（是 ）,证明（是 ）turn out+adj,如 :It' s turned out nice and sunny again. 结果天气又变晴朗了。+n,如 : The party turned out a succe

30、ss.舞会结果办得很成功。+to-v, t: To our surprise, the stranger turned out to. be an old friend of mymother's.使我们惊奇的是,这个陌生人原来是我母亲的老朋友。Hisstatement turned out to be false.= It turned out that his statement was false.他说的一番话后来证明是假的。练习 :(1) To everybody s surprise, the fashionable young_l_a_d_y_ _ to be a thie

31、f.A. found outB. proved out C. put out D. turned out(2) It has been raining every day so far. I hope tomorrow will fine.A. turn toB. turn upC. turn into D. turn out(3) that the jewels had been stolen by one of the guards .A. It turned up B. It turned out C. It turned on D. it turned over(4) Do you k

32、now our new manager?-Yes. He to be a friend of my brother.A. turns upB. turns onC. turns outD. turns off(5) If the weather to be rainy, we may have to cancel the sports meeting.A. runs outB. breaks out C. finds out D. turns out(6)这些疾病与噪音污染无关。The diseases 解析： DDBCD have nothing to do with noise pollu

33、tion15. prison 的相关用法:C,U 监狱 :;牢狱;看守所【注意】注意学习固定词组: be sent to prison 被关押 ,被投进监狱: in prison 坐牢。 注意这两个词组中prison 前没有任何修饰词语:prisoner 的含义为：囚犯;犯人 ;羁押候审者。练习： (1)艾迪曾经因为盗窃入狱两年Eddie for two years.解析： used to be in prison because of stealing16. 词组 guard against sth./ doing sth 的含义和用法: 预防 ,防止;如 :You should wash

34、your handswhen preparing food, to guard against spreading infection. 做饭前你应该洗手,以防感染传染病。【注意】guard 的用法:vt.防卫;警戒看守;保护 的安全,常与against或 from 搭配使用,如 : The dog guarded. the house against intruders.狗看守着房子防止有人闯入。练习：(1)你最好经常刷牙,预防龋齿。You tooth decay.解析： had better often brush your teeth to guard against17. 词组 get

35、 along with 的含义及用法:相处融洽;与 相处 ; ( 方面 )有进展【注意】get along with 通常也可说成get on with, 并且常用well 与之搭配使用，即用“ getalong/ on well with 来表示 ” “与 融洽相处”, 意思上与“ live/ stay/ be harmony with 相似 另请注意 get along with 还有 “在 ( 方面)有进展”的意思练习 :(1) Most families in China now have only one child. Parents should teach them others when they are young.A. what to play with B. when to get on with C. which to play with D. how to get on with(2) We also learn how to well with others at school.A. get toB. get onC. get downD. get up(3)我们怎样才能与邻里和睦相处呢?How neighbours?(4)那