时态和语态（复习）

1、白银区稀土中学 郑军武近五年动词的语态和时态近五年动词的语态和时态在高考中的复现率在高考中的复现率考点年号一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时过去进行时现在将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时总题量1996 1(20 题)1(6题)1(17题)319971(16题)1(10题)1(22题)1(19题)419981(10题)1(20题)1(24题)319991(24题)1(16题)220001(25题) 1(13题)1(20题)3现在完成时过去进行时状语从句的动词时态考查比例较大的几点历年高考题练习1. 表示动作已经完成，强调过去表示动作已经完成，强调过去 发生的某一发生的某一动动作作对

2、现在造成的影响和结果对现在造成的影响和结果。一般过去。一般过去时仅仅说明时仅仅说明动作在过去动作在过去，不强调对现在的，不强调对现在的影响。影响。 常与一些时间状语连用：如：常与一些时间状语连用：如：already; yet; by this time; just; ever; never; now; before; lately 等。等。 例一： -Where _you_ the key? I _ it yet.A. did,put; didnt findB. did,put;havent foundC.have,put;havent foundD. have,put; didnt find

3、 B 例二：NMET97 上海 19题-Oh, its you! I _ you.-Ive just had my hair cut and Im wearing new glasses.A. didnt recognize B. hadnt recognizedC. havent recognized D. dont recognize A2. It is the first/secondtime that 从句。的从句中 一般用 现在完成时。另外：“It is/ has been + 一段时间+ since 从句”中，从句动词通常用过过去时去时，主句用完成时完成时。 例三：NMET 92-

4、Do you know our town at all?- No, this is the first time I _ here.A.was B. have been C. came D. have goneB3. 有些瞬间性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。要连用时须用状态动词。成对的词有：Become/be; die/be dead; leave/ be away; join the army/serve the army 例四： NMET84年 She _ Robert for a year. A.married B. married with C. has been marryi

5、ng D. has been married toDMarry是瞬间性动作，不能和for +时间段的状语连用。要表示状态的用has been married to sb.“和某人结婚”是marry to sb. 1. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。这一特定的时间可用时间状语连用。如：at that time; at 8 oclock; when也可用上下暗示可用上下暗示。 例五：NMET 1997 第10题 I first met Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time. A.has worked B. was

6、 working C. had been working D. had workedB 例六：NMET 1998第 20题Shirley _ a book about China last year, but I dont know whether she has finished it. A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writingD 例七：NMET 1999 第 24 题- Hey, look where you are going!- Oh, Im terribly sorry,_.A.Im not noticing B. I

7、 wasnt noticing C. I havent noticed D. I dont noticeB2.过去进行时过去进行时常用于由when、while、as引导的时间状语从句中，表示背景，引出由一般过去时一般过去时表示的新动作。或：过去进行时（表示背景）过去进行时（表示背景）+when+ +when+ 一般过去时（新发生的动作）一般过去时（新发生的动作）。此时when 相当于at that time; just then. 例八：NMET 2000 第25 题The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it.A.w

8、as travelling B. travelled C.had been travelling D. was to travelA在if 、unless等词引导的条件状语从句条件状语从句，when till/until 、as soon as 、the time等词引导的时间状语从句时间状语从句，以及the more the more 结构引导的程度状语从句程度状语从句中，当主句主句中的动词用一般将来时一般将来时，从句中的动词从句中的动词通常用一般现在时一般现在时表示将来时间。 例 九：NMET94年 38题I need one more stamp before my collection

9、 _.A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completedD 例十：NMET86 If it _tomorrow, the sports meet will not be held. A. rains B. will rain C. goes to rain D. shall rainA 总结性练习1. When I was at college I _three foreign languages,but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had for

10、gotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten2. - Has Tom finished his composition yet? - I have no idea; he _ it this morning. A. wrote B. had written C. has written D. was writing3. - I havent heard from Henry for a long time. - What do you suppose _ to him? A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. had happened4. Jack _ a postman for about six years. A. has