一形容词比较级的规则变化规律

1、学习好资料欢迎下载形容词级的变化规律和级的用法、形容词级的变化:1、规律变化:单音词的变化：（四条）一般情况：+er（比较级）+est（最高级）eg :quiet-quieter-the quietestbright-brighter-the brightest 明亮 /聪明的dear-dearest-the dearestclever-cleverer-the cleverest词末为-e （不发音）+ r -+steg:fi ne-fi ner-the fin estnice-ni cer-the nicestcute-cuter-the cutestclose-closer-the cl

2、osestwhite-whiter-the whitestlarge-larger-the largestfree-freer-freest（特殊）重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母的:双写辅音字母+er-双写辅音字母+esteg:hot-hotter-the hottestbig -bigger-the biggestred-redder-the reddestwet-wetter-the wettestsad-sadder-the saddestfat-fatter-the fattestthin-thi nn er-the thi nnestfit-fitter-fittest少数以辅音字

3、母+y结尾的双音节原根词:变y为i+er 变 y为i+est形容词和副词用法比较形容词和副词形容词和副词在语法结构中主要用于比较级和最高级。形容词和副 词的构成形式基本上一样，它们的形式与单音节、双音节和多音节有关，当然还有其 特殊形式。形容词和副词比较级的基本用法分为同级比较、比较级和最高级三种形 式。但这三种形式都有它们特殊的表达方式以及它们的惯用法。对以下要点大家须一 一掌握。第一节形容词比较级和最高级的形式、形容词比较级和最高级的构成形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾力口er 禾 口est str ong stron ger str on ge

4、st单音节词如果以e结尾,只力口 r 禾 口st stra nge stra nger stra ngest闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母，再加er和est sadbighot sadderbiggerhotter saddestbiggesthottest少数以y,er(或ure),ow.ble结尾的双音节词,末尾加 er和est(以y结尾的词,如y前是辅音字母,把y变成i,再加er和est，以e结尾的词仍只力口r 禾Rst) angryclevern arrowno ble an griercleverern arrowerno bler an grestcle

5、verestn arrowestno blest其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most different morediffere nt mostdiffere nt1) The most high Amountain in Bthe world is Mount Everest ， which is situated Cin Nepal and istwentynine thousa nd one hun dred and fourty one feet highD.2) This house is spaciouser Athan that Bwhite CRapid Cit

6、y， South Dakota Dlast year.one I bought in3) Research in the social Asciences often proves difficulter similar Cwork in the physical Dsciences.Bthan二、形容词比较级或最高级的特殊形式:1.三个或三个以上音节的形容词只能加more和most只能说 more beautiful 而不能说 beautifuller; 只能说 the most beautiful 而不能说 beautifullest。但是，以形容前缀un结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，

7、如unhappy,untidy ，我们可以说：unhappier f unhappiest, untidier f untidiest2.由ING分词和ED分词演变过来的形容词（包括不规则动词如 knowknown）只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级more(most) strik ing, more(most) in terest ing, more(most) woun ded, more(most)worn 等。4) The drawings Aof the old masters Bare among the treasuredest C works in museum

8、s D3.英语里有些形容词由于其词义而不可能有比较级形式absolute fatal main right uni versalchief final n aked simulta- utteren tire foremost p erfect n eous vitaleternal in evitablepo ssible sufficie nt wholeexcelle nt infin ite p rimary sup reme woode n三、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式goodwellbetterbestbadillworseworstmanymuchmoremostlittl

9、efew lessleastfar fartherfarthestfurther furthest,fiercer , and difficulter Ato tame B5) Africa n ele phants are larger than CAsian elephants D6) Sarah Hale became A editors in the Un ited States duri ngone of the famousest Bmagazine C Dthe 1800' s.7) Of all Athe Native America n tribes B , the

10、Shaw nee In dia ns wereC a most D transient.四、例题解析1) A 错。应将“ most high "改为highest。这是在考形容词比较级的构成形式。2) A 错。改为 more spacious。3) B 错。改为 more difficult。4） C 错。"宝贵的、珍贵的”意思，修饰名词treasured。treasured在本句中是ED分词（动词treasure + ed）作形容词使用，是 works（作品），其最高级形式应用the most5) A 错,改为 more difficult。6） B 错。化应在前面加改为

11、“ the most famous “ the most ”。”,因为famous（着名的）是双音节，其最高级变7） D 错。意为“（延续时间）最短暂的”。应改为“the most ”，因为此处表示的是最高级，“the most tran sie nt”第二节副词比较级和最高级的形式副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样般副词hard f harder f hardestfast f faster f fastestlate f later f latest early f earlier f earliest特殊副词well f better f best much f more f

12、 most badly f worse f worstly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样f more quietly f most quietlylittle f less f least但是，开放类副词即以后缀 加 er或est，女口quickly f more quickly f most quickly quietly注：early中的ly不是后缀，故可以把y变 i再加 er和 est第三节形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法、原级比较的基本用法1.原级比较由“ as +形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)+ as ”构成“原级相同”比 较句，表示两者比较；其否定式，即“程度不及”比较句型为“n

13、 ot so(as) +形容词或副词+ as",而且asas结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite 等表示程度的词修饰1） Walk ing briskly for thirty minu tes will bur n as many calories as .Ato run for fiftee n minu tesrunning for fiftee n minu tesyou run for fiftee n minu tesDfiftee nmi nute walki ng2） The gorilla（ 大猩猩）, while A not quite

14、 as curious than chimpanzee（黑猩猩）,shows more persistenee in solving Da problem.BtheC and memory retention（ 记忆力）3） Alaska is twice Aas larger BasTexas.Cthe next largest Dstate ,2.“ as (so名词+ as +名词"进行名词比较，比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用 不用as这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的so而4） Thomas Jeffers on s achieveme n

15、ts as an architect rival his con tributi ons aP oliticia n.AsuchBmoreCasDthan5) I should say Henry is not much a writer as a rep orter. (88年考题）AthatBsoCthisDas二、比较级1.比较级由“形容词（副词）比较级+ than +，”构成表示在两者中间一方比另 一方“更加”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、 动词、动词不定式、ING结构和 ED结构，有时也可省去 than。6) Natural mica( 云母)of

16、Aa superior obtain than synthetic Dmica.Bquality is cheapest Cto7) She is older tha n .any other girl in the gro upany girl in the groupCall girls in the groupDyou and me as well as the group“Santa Cruz Sentinel ” in 1905 and remainedC active in journalistic8) Jose phine McCrack in joined Atheuntil

17、her death fifteen years late B， D work.2.注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致9) The purpose of the research had a more imp orta nt meaning for them tha n .AoursBwith usCfor ours it hadDit did for us10) Sou nd travels air.Afaster through water tha n throughBfaster than through water andCthrough water faster and Dwh

18、ere it is faster through water tha nthrough11) Gerbrand von den Feckhout , one of Rembrand ' s pupils, followed A the style of his teacher so implicitly that B his paintings C are sometimes con fused with his master D三、最高级1.最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词+形容词最高级+名 词+ 表示范围的短语或从句" (如 all, of all, o

19、f the tree, in the world, that has ever taken place 等)12) The more Afearsome of all theD Hemis phere is the grizzly bear.B ani mals in Cthe Western13) Of all economic Aproblems ,most significant in its daily impact on Din flati on con ti nues to bepeople and bus in ess.B a C14),the most familiar to

20、gen eral p ublic is the crim inal jurisdict ion.All the activitiesThe activitiesOf all the activitiesDIt is the activities2.副词的最咼级与形容词最咼级的区别在于最咼级前没有定冠词the四、例题解析1) B为正确答案。2) B 错。改为as，和前面的as和形容词原形curious 一起构成同程度比较。3) B 错。改为 as large。4) C 对。con tributi ons(as,使前后对比成分一致。动词rival(胜过、匹敌)前后是两个相比较的成分 achieve

21、ments(成果)和 贡献)，由于前面的名词后出现了短语 as an architect ,故空白处也应用5) B为正确答案。6) C错。应改为比较级cheaper。比较级后并不一定跟接连词 than，有时在其间 有名词或名词短语(被形容词所修饰)，介词短语，不定式或其他成分隔开。7) A为正确答案。“ She作为单个不能跟全组比(C和D不对)，也不能跟全组所 有相比，因为“她”也是其中一员，自然“她”不能跟自己相比。这里“She”比较的A对。是“这组中的任何一个”，所以8) B错。应改为比较级later，因此处实为与1905年相比晚15年，故应使用比较 级。9) D为正确答案。10) A为正

22、确答案。11) D 错。改为 his master '12） A 错。改为 most。13） C错。改为the , significant是多音节形容词，在此处应用最高级形式（在前面加the most），注意句中的“ of all。"14） C为正确答案。本句空白处缺状语， A和B全为名词短语，不符合条件；D为句子，和空白后面的句子没有任何联系，故亦应排除。只有C正确，和后面的最高级the most familiar 前后呼应。第四节形容词和副词的特殊表达法一、形容词与副词的同级比较：由“as（so）as”出，其否定式为“ not so或"not asas”考生还应

23、注意下列含有“ as”结构或短语的句子1. as such :表示上文所指明的事或人He is a child,a nd must be treated as such.他是个孩子，必须被当作孩子对待。2. as much :表示“与同量”Take as much as you like.拿多少都行。I would gladly have p aid twice as much for it.它买下的。就是价格再贵一倍，我也会愿意把He as much as admitted the whole story.他几乎全部承认了。3. as many :表示"与一样多”I found s

24、ix mistakes in as many lin es.我在六行中发现了六个错。二、表示"几倍于”的比较级：用twice （两倍），four times （四倍），ten times（十倍）加上asa结构This one is four times as big as that o ne.这个是那个的四倍大。 (这个比那个大三倍。)/ Our campus is three times as large as yours.我们的校园比你们的大两倍。/He has books twice as many as she does. 他的书比她多一倍。1) The five year

25、deal obligates A the country to buy nine million tonsB of grain a year C , three million more as D the old pact s minimum.“the same +名词+ as”表示同等比较2) The lens of a camera p erforms the lens of the eye.A in the same function B the same function asCthe function is the same as D and has the same functio

26、n3) The elim in ati on of in flati on would en sure that the amount of money used in repaying a loa n wouldhave as the amount of money borrowed.A as the same value B the same valueCvalue as the same D the value is the same等词语表四、比较级前可用a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot,ma ny, much示不定量，far

27、, compl etely,still表示程度或更进一步A4) There are now methods for study ing color visio n in infan ts tha n there once were.more sop histicated tha nmuch more sop histicated much sop histicated sop histicated5) The p hotogra phs of Mars take n by satellite are tha n those take n from the Earth.AclearestBthe

28、 clearestCmuch clearerDmore clearer6) Com mon porpo ises( 海豚)are usually not con sidered Amigratory ， although B some do move C to more warmer D waters in winter.兼有两种形式的副词1) close 与 closelyclose意思是"近"；closely意思是"仔细地"He is sitti ng close to me.Watch him closely.2) late 与 latelylate意思是"晚"；lately意思是"最近"You have come too late.What have you bee n doing lately?3) dee p 与 dee plydeep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；dee ply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"He pu shed the stick dee p