鼻咽部断层解剖图-

1、借花献佛-刘国清(广东省中医院影像中心,2010.11 1 Orbicularis oris muscle(口轮匝肌2 Levator labii superioris muscle(提上唇肌3 Maxilla (palatine process and incisive canal(上颌骨和门齿管4 Levator anguli oris muscle(提口角肌5 Maxillary sinus(上颌窦6 Major zygomaticus muscle(颧大肌7 Soft palate(软腭8 Masseter muscle(咬肌9 Nasopharynx(鼻咽10 Medial pter

2、ygoid muscle(翼内肌11 T emporal muscle(颞肌12 T ensor veli palatini muscle(腭帆张肌13 Lateral pterygoid muscle(翼外肌14 Mandibular nerve (V3(下颌神经15 Pharyngotympanic tube (auditory tube(咽鼓管(torus levatorius(提肌圆枕/咽鼓管圆枕16 Maxillary artery(上颌动脉17 Longus capitis muscle(头长肌18 Retromandibular vein(下颌后静脉19 Ramus of man

3、dible(下颌支20 Levator veli palatini muscle(腭帆提肌21 Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX(舌咽神经22 Occipital bone, basilar part(basion(枕骨/枕骨斜坡23 Internal carotid artery(颈内动脉24 Parotid gland(腮腺25 Vagus nerve (X(迷走神经26 Internal jugular vein(颈内静脉(superior bulb(颈静脉上球27 Hypoglossal nerve (XII(舌下神经28 V ertebral artery(椎动脉

4、29 Interpeduncular cistern(脚间池30 Sigmoid sinus(乙状窦31 Mastoid cells(乳突小房32 Medulla oblongata(延髓33 V ermis (小脑蚓部34 T onsil of cerebellum(小脑扁桃体35 Occipital bone(枕骨36 Cerebellar hemisphere(小脑半球(posterior lobe(后叶37 Cisterna magna (枕大池(posterior cerebellomedullary cistern(小脑延髓池38 Semispinalis capitis musc

5、le(头半棘肌 1 Orbicularis oris muscle(口轮匝肌2 Levator anguli oris muscle(提上唇肌3 Maxilla (alveolar process (上颌骨4 Hard palate(硬腭5 Buccinator muscle(颊肌6 Zygomaticus muscle(颧肌7 Soft palate(软额8 Facial artery(面动脉9 Lateral pterygoid muscle(翼外肌10 Masseter muscle(咬肌11 Medial pterygoid muscle(翼内肌12 T emporal muscle(

6、颞肌13 Levator veli palatini muscle(腭帆提肌14 Ramus of mandible(下颌支15 Splenius capitis muscle(头夹肌16 T ensor veli palatini muscle(腭帆张肌17 Longus capitis muscle(头长肌18 Nasopharynx(鼻咽19 Anterior arch of atlas(寰椎前弓20 Internal carotid artery(颈内动脉21 Internal jugular vein(颈内静脉22 Parotid gland(腮腺23 Retromandibular

7、 vein(下颌后静脉24 Vagus nerve (X(迷走神经25 Rectus capitis lateralis muscle(头外侧直肌26 Hypoglossal nerve (XII(舌下神经27 Medulla oblongata(延髓28 Accessory nerve (XI(副神经29 Mastoid cells (mastoid process(乳突小房30 Occipital bone, basilar part(basion(枕骨斜坡31 Digastric muscle (posterior belly(二腹肌/后腹32 Interpeduncular ciste

8、rn(脚间池33 Splenius capitis muscle(头夹肌34 Condylar canal with emissary veins(髁管静脉35 T onsil of cerebellum(小脑扁桃体36 V ertebral artery(椎动脉37 Occipital bone(枕骨38 Cerebellar hemisphere(posterior lobe(小脑半球/后叶39 Semispinalis capitis muscle(头半棘肌40 Cisterna magna (posterior cerebellomedullary cistern(枕大池/小脑延髓池

9、1 Orbicularis oris muscle(口轮匝肌2 Levator anguli oris muscle(提上唇肌3 Hard palate(硬腭4 Maxilla (alveolar process(上颌骨5 Facial artery(面动脉6 Buccinator muscle(颊肌7 Soft palate(软腭8 Masseter muscle(咬肌9 Lateral pterygoid muscle(翼外肌10 Ramus of mandible(下颌支11 Medial pterygoid muscle(翼内肌12 T ensor veli palatini musc

10、le(腭帆张肌13 Superior constrictor muscle of pharynx(咽上缩肌14 Pharynx(鼻咽15 Longus capitis muscle(头长肌16 Internal carotid artery(颈内动脉17 Atlas (anterior arch(寰椎前弓18 Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX(舌咽神经19 Maxillary artery and vein(上颌动脉与静脉20 Vagus nerve (X(迷走神经21 Retromandibular vein(下颌后静脉22 Hypoglossal nerve (XII(

11、舌下神经23Internal jugular vein(颈内静脉24 Accessory nerve (XI(副神经25 Parotid gland(腮腺26 Atlas, transverse process(寰椎横突27 Dens of axis(齿状突28 Digastric muscle (posterior belly(二腹肌/后腹29 Medulla oblongata(延髓30 T ransverse ligament of atlas(寰椎横韧带31 V ertebral artery(椎动脉32 Rectus capitis lateralis muscle(头外侧直肌33

12、Atlas, posterior arch(寰椎后弓34 Obliquus capitis superior muscle(头上斜肌35 Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle(头后小直肌36 Obliquus capitis inferior muscle(头下斜肌37 Semispinalis capitis muscle(头半棘肌38 Splenius capitis muscle(头夹肌 1 Upper lip(上唇2 Incisors (1 and 2 left(门牙3 Orbicularis oris muscle(口轮匝肌4 Canine to

13、oth (3 left(尖牙5 Levator anguli oris muscle(提上唇肌6 Premolar teeth (4 and 5 left(前磨牙7 T ongue(舌8 Molar teeth (6,7 and 8(磨牙9 Buccinator muscle(颊肌10 Facial artery(面动脉11 Uvula(悬壅垂12 Masseter muscle(咬肌13 T ensor veli palatini muscle(腭帆张肌14 Ramus of mandible with alveolar canal(下颌支管与下颌骨牙槽15 Superior constri

14、ctor muscle of pharynx(咽上缩肌16 Medial pterygoid muscle(翼内肌17 Longus capitis muscle(头长肌18 Oropharynx(口咽19 Styloglossus muscle(茎突舌肌20 Pharyngeal venous plexus(咽静脉丛21 Stylopharyngeus muscle(茎突咽肌22 Parotid gland and retromandibular vein(腮腺和下颌后静脉23 Maxillary artery(上颌动脉24 Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX(舌咽神经25

15、 Internal carotid artery(颈内动脉26 Hypoglossus nerve (XII(舌下神经27 Atlas (anterior arch(寰椎前弓28 Vagus nerve (X(迷走神经29 T ransverse process and foramen transversarium(横突孔30 Accessory nerve (XI(副神经31 Digastric muscle (posterior belly(二腹肌后腹32 Atlas, lateral mass(寰椎侧块33 Sternocleidomastoid muscle(胸锁乳突肌34 Dens

16、of axis(齿状突35 Spinal cord(脊髓36 T ransverse ligament of atlas(寰椎横韧带37 Deep cervical veins(颈深静脉38 Longissimus capitis muscle(头最长肌39 T rapezius muscle(斜方肌40 Obliquus capitis inferior muscle(头下斜肌41 Semispinalis capitis muscle(头半棘肌42 Splenius capitis muscle(头夹肌43 Nuchal ligament(项韧带 1 Palatine tonsil(腭扁桃

17、体2 Foramen magnum(枕大孔3 Vomer(犁骨4 Anterior longitudinal ligament(前纵韧带5 Nasopharynx and longus colli muscle(鼻咽部肌肉及颈长肌6 Apical ligament of dens(齿突尖韧带7 Hard palate(硬腭8 T ectorial membrane(盖膜9 Incisive canal(切牙管10 Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane(寰枕后膜11 Orbicularis oris muscle(口轮匝肌12 Anterior arch of

18、 atlas(寰椎前弓13 Soft palate(软腭14 Suboccipital fatty tissue(枕骨脂肪组织15 Superior longitudinal muscle of tongue and oral cavity(上纵肌舌和口腔16 T ransverse ligament of atlas(of cruciform ligament of atlas(寰椎横韧带/寰椎十字韧带17 T ransverse muscle of tongue(舌横肌18 Dens of axis (C2(枢椎齿状突19 Genioglossus muscle and lingual s

19、eptum(颏舌肌和舌隔肌20 Nuchal ligament(项韧带21 Mandible(下颌骨22 Ligamentum flavum(黄韧带23 Oropharynx(口咽24 Interspinalis muscles(棘间肌25 Geniohyoid muscle(颏舌骨肌26 T ransverse and oblique arytenoid muscles(杓状软骨横肌/斜肌27 Mylohyoid muscle(下颔舌骨肌28 V ertebra C6 and intervertebral disc(第6颈椎和椎间盘29 Hyoid bone(舌骨30 Larynx (lam

20、ina(喉31 Epiglottis(会厌32 Spinous process of C7(第7颈椎棘突33 Epiglottic vallecula(会厌谷34 Inferior constrictor muscle of pharynx(咽下缩肌35 Thyroid cartilage(甲状软骨36 Spinal cord(脊髓37 V estibular ligament and laryngeal ventricle (ventricle of Morgagni(前庭韧带及喉室38 Spinous process(棘突39 Vocal ligament (false vocal cor

21、d(声韧带/假声带40 Posterior longitudinal ligament(后纵韧带41 Sternothyroid muscle(胸骨甲状肌42 Anterior longitudinal ligament(前纵韧带43 Thyroid gland(甲状腺44 Esophagus(食道45 T rachea(气管46 Brachiocephalic artery(头臂干动脉 1 Levator veli palatini muscle (腭帆提肌2 Semispinalis capitis muscle (头半棘肌3 Medial pterygoid muscle (翼内肌4 A

22、tlas (lateral mass(寰椎侧块5 Longus capitis muscle (头长肌6 Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle (头后小直肌7 Maxilla (上颌骨8 Rectus capitis posterior major muscle (头后大直肌 9 Orbicularis oris muscle (口轮匝肌10 Inferior oblique muscle (下斜肌11 Palatine tonsil (腭扁桃体12 Splenius capitis muscle (头夹肌13 Superior constrictor m

23、uscle of pharynx (咽上缩肌 14 Spinal nerve root (C3(颈3脊神经根15 T ongue (舌16 Inferior articular process (下关节突17 Sublingual gland (舌下腺18 T rapezius muscle(descending part(斜方肌降段 19 Mandible (下颌骨20 Superior articular process (上关节突21 Palatopharyngeus muscle (咽腭肌22 V ertebral artery (椎动脉23 Mylohoid muscle (颔舌骨肌

24、24 Multifidus muscle (多裂肌25 Digastric muscle (anterior belly(二腹肌前腹26 Semispinalis cervicis muscle(颈半棘肌27 Hyoid bone(舌骨28 Longus colli muscle(颈长肌29 Pharynx and epiglottic vallecula(会厌谷30 Spinal nerve root (T1(胸1脊神经根31 Thyroid cartilage(甲状软骨32 Serratus posterior superior muscle(后上锯肌33 Cricoid cartilag

25、e(环状软骨34 T rapezius muscle(斜方肌35 Platysma(颈阔肌36 Splenius cervicis muscle(颈夹肌37 Inferior constrictor muscle of pharynx(咽下缩肌38 Left subclavian artery(左锁骨下动脉39 Thyroid gland(甲状腺40 Left lung(左肺41 Sternohyoid muscle(胸骨舌骨肌42 Rhomboid (major and minor muscle(大小菱形肌43 Common carotid artery(颈总动脉44 Aortic arch

26、(主动脉弓45 Left brachiocephalic vein(左侧头臂干静脉 1 Maxillary sinus(上颌窦2 Internal carotid artery (carotid syphon(颈内静脉虹吸段3 Medial pterygoid muscle(翼内肌4 Mandibular nerve(下颌神经5 Levator labii superioris muscle(腭帆提肌6 Pharyngotympanic tube (auditory tube(咽鼓管7 Digastric muscle(二腹肌8 Rectus capitis lateralis muscle(

27、头外侧直肌9 Mylohyoid muscle(下颌舌骨肌10 T ensor veli palatini muscle(腭帆张肌11 Orbicularis orbis muscle(口轮匝肌12 Obliquus capitis superior muscle(头上斜肌13 Mandible(下颌骨14 Rectus capitis posterior major muscle(头后大直肌15 Submandibular gland(下颌下腺16 Atlas (transverse process(寰椎横突17 Facial vein(面静脉18 Semispinalis capitis

28、muscle(头半棘肌19 Longus colli muscle(头长肌20 Obliquus capitis inferior muscle(头下斜肌21 Platysma(颈阔肌22 V ertebral artery(椎动脉23 T ransverse processes and spinal nerve roots(横突和脊神经根24 Internal carotid artery(颈内动脉25 Common carotid artery(颈总动脉26 Semispinalis cervicis muscle(颈半棘肌27 Scalenus anterior muscle(前斜角肌2

29、8 Scalenus posterior muscle(后斜角肌29 Sternocleidomastoid muscle(胸锁乳突肌30 Splenius capitis muscle(头夹肌31 Thyroid gland(甲状腺32 T rapezius muscle(斜方肌33 Subclavian artery(锁骨下动脉34 First rib(第1肋35 Internal jugular vein(颈内静脉36 Semispinalis cervicis muscle(颈半棘肌37 Subclavian vein (left(左锁骨下静脉38 Rhomboid (major an

30、d minor muscle(大小菱形肌39 Clavicle(锁骨40 Interspinalis muscle(棘间肌41 Brachiocephalic vein (left(头臂干静脉42 Serratus anterior muscle(前锯肌43 Lung (left(左肺 1 Sphenoidal bone (lesser wing(蝶骨小翼2 Levator palpebrae superioris muscle(提上睑肌3 Ethmoidal cells (anterior(前组筛窦小房4 Superior rectus muscle(上直肌5 T emporal muscl

31、e(颞肌6 Superior oblique muscle(上斜肌7 Nasal septum(鼻中隔8 Optic nerve (II(视神经9 Middle nasal concha(中鼻甲10 Lateral rectus muscle(外直肌11 Inferior nasal concha(下鼻甲12 Medial rectus muscle(内直肌13 Mandible(上腭14 Inferior rectus muscle(下直肌15 Longitudinal muscle of tongue(舌纵肌16 Zygomatic bone (temporal process(颧骨颞突1

32、7 Masseter muscle(咬肌18 Maxillary sinus(上颌窦19 Lingual septum(舌中隔20 Hard palate(硬腭21 Mandible(下颌骨22 Buccinator muscle(颊肌23 Mylohoid muscle(下颌舌骨肌24 T ransverse muscle of tongue(舌横肌25 Digastric muscle (anterior belly(二腹肌前腹26 Hypoglossus muscle(舌下肌27 Platysma(颈阔肌28 Genioglossus muscle(颏舌肌29 V estibular f

33、old(前庭襞30 Geniohyoid muscle(颏舌骨肌31 Glottis(声门32 Thyrohyoid muscle(甲状舌骨肌33 Thyroid cartilage(甲状软骨34 Laryngeal ventricle(喉室35 Infraglottic cavity(生门下腔36 Vocalis muscle(声带肌37 T rachea(气管38 Cricoid cartilage(环状软骨 39 Sternohyoid muscle(胸骨舌骨肌1 Superior orbital fissure眶上裂2 Optic nerve (II视神经3 Sphenoidal bo

34、ne (lesser wing蝶骨小翼4 T rochlear nerve (IV滑车神经5 T emporal bone颞骨6 Frontal nerve额神经7 Foramen rotundum with maxillary nerve (V2圆孔与上颌神经8 Superior ophthalmic vein眼上静脉9 Pterygopalatine fossa翼腭窝10 Sphenoidal sinus蝶窦11 Dorsal nasal cavity and nasal septum后鼻腔和鼻中隔12 Zygomatic bone (temporal process颧骨颞突13 Pter

35、ygoid fossa翼窝14 T emporal muscle颞肌15 Lateral pterygoid process外侧翼状突16 Maxillary artery上颌动脉17 Medial pterygoid process内侧翼状突18 Facial nerve (VII面神经19 Soft palate软腭20 Medial pterygoid muscle翼内肌21 Mandible (ramus下颌骨下支22 Longitudinal muscle of tongue舌纵肌23 Masseter muscle咬肌24 T ransverse muscle of tongue舌

36、横肌25 Hypoglossus muscle舌下肌26 Facial artery面动脉27 Submandibular gland下颌下腺28 Mylohoid muscle下颌舌骨肌29 V ertical muscle of tongue舌垂直肌30 Platysma颈阔肌31 Lingual septum舌中隔32 Hyoid bone舌骨33 Thyrohyoid muscle甲状舌骨肌34 Geniohyoid muscle颏舌骨肌35 Laryngeal ventricle喉室36 Thyroid cartilage甲状软骨37 Infraglottic cavity声门下腔3

37、8 Cricoid cartilage环状软骨39 Larynx喉头40 Cricothyroid muscle环甲肌41 Anterior jugular vein颈前静脉42 Sternohyoid muscle胸骨舌骨肌43 Suprasternal space胸骨上间隙44 Clavicle锁骨45 Sternoclavicular joint胸锁关节 1 T emporal muscle 颞肌2 Sphenoidal sinus 蝶窦3 Vomer 犁骨4 Zygomatic bone (temporal process颧骨颞突5 Sphenoidal bone (greater w

38、ing蝶骨大翼6 Pharyngotympanic tube (auditory tube (cartilage咽鼓管/耳咽管/咽鼓管软骨7 Lateral and medial plates of pterygoid process 外侧和内侧翼突板8 Lateral pterygoid muscle 翼外肌9 Peripharyngeal space 咽周间隙10 Nasopharynx 鼻咽11 Masseter muscle 咬肌12 Levator veli palatini muscle 腭帆提肌13 Oropharynx 口咽14 Medial pterygoid muscle

39、翼内肌15 T ransverse muscle of tongue 舌纵肌16 Soft palate 软腭17 Hypoglossus muscle 舌下肌18 Mandible 下颌骨19 Digastric muscle 二腹肌20 Genioglossus muscle 颏舌肌21 Facial artery 面动脉22 Submandibular gland 下颌下腺23 Epiglottic vallecula 会厌谷24 Hyoid bone (greater horn舌骨大角25 Laryngeal vestibule 喉室26 Platysma 颈阔肌 27 Pirifor

40、m recess 梨状隐窝 28 Aryepiglottic muscle with aryepiglottic fold 声门肌及声门皱襞 29 Omohyoid muscle 肩胛舌骨肌 30 Thyroid cartilage 甲状软骨 31 Thyroarytenoid muscle 甲杓肌 32 Arytenoid cartilage 杓状软骨 33 Sternocleidomastoid muscle 胸锁乳突肌 34 Trachea 气管 35 Anterior jugular vein 颈前静脉 36 Thyroid gland 甲状腺 37 Clavicle 锁骨 38 In

41、ferior thyroid veins 甲状腺下静 脉 1 Temporal muscle 颞肌 2 Sphenoidal sinus 蝶窦 3 Sphenoidal bone (greater wing蝶骨大翼 4 Oropharynx 口咽 5 Zygomatic bone 颧骨 6 Pharyngotympanic tube (auditory tube(cartilage咽鼓管 7 Pharyngeal tonsil 咽扁桃体 8 Lateral pterygoid muscle 翼外肌 9 Torus tubarius 咽鼓管圆枕 10 Tensor veli palatini m

42、uscle 腭帆张肌 11 Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube 咽鼓管咽口 12 Maxillary artery 上颌动脉 13 Parotid gland 腮腺 14 Levator veli palatini muscle 腭帆提肌 15 Inferior alveolar nerve 下牙槽神经 16 Medial pterygoid muscle 翼内肌 17 Masseter muscle 咬肌 18 Soft palate and uvula 软腭和悬雍垂 19 Ramus of mandible 下颌支 20 Palatopharyngeus

43、 muscle 咽腭肌 21 Styloglossus muscle 茎突舌肌 22 Facial artery 面动脉 23 Oropharynx 口咽 24 Palatine tonsil 腭扁桃体 25 Hyoid bone 舌骨 26 Digastric muscle 二腹肌 27 Epiglottic vallecula 会厌谷 28 Submandibular gland 下颌下腺 29 Epiglottis 会厌 30 Laryngeal inlet 喉入口 31 External carotid artery 颈外动脉 32 Internal carotid artery 颈内动脉 33 Thyroid cartilage 甲状软骨 34 Interaryteno