高一英语必修一-unit2-词汇--(课堂PPT)

1、1Words and expressions1、subway 地铁；地下人行道 （美）underground （英）2、elevator 电梯，升降机 （美）lift （英）23、petrol 汽油（英）gasoline gas （美）4、official adj 官方的；正式的；办公的n 政府官员，军官区别：officer 常指身着特定制服的官员， official 常指政府官员，行政官员。e.g. An important official will visit our school.短语：official duties 公职 official language 官方语言35、voyage

2、 航行 航海 航空指不论距离长短的海上，水上或者空中旅行Captain Cook went on a voyage around the world. 库克船长做了一次环球航海旅行。travel 游历，观光 不强调具体的目的地，常指到国外的旅行If I had enough money, I would travel abroad and see the world.make/take/go on a voyage to. 去航行4trip 旅行，远足 指短距离旅行，常指回到原出发地。We have a week for our trip to Beijing. 我们去北京的旅程有一个星期。t

3、our 周游用于巡回的旅行，距离可长可短，常指访问一系列的地方后又回到原出发地。The group went on a tour around this island. 这个团周游了这个岛。5journey指远距离的陆地旅行eg:We made a journey to the northwest of China.66、conquer 征服；占领 eg: The Normans conquered England in 1066.7、because of 因为，由于because of 是介词短语，后面跟名词、代词、动名词或名词性从句。而because是连词，后面跟句子，引导原因状语从句。H

4、e came to work late because of getting up late.He came to work late because he got up late.他因为起床晚了，所以上班迟到了。7 拓展： because of 的同义短语 thanks to 多亏，由于；作表语或状语 owing to 由于；作表语或状语 as a result of 由于；作状语 on account of 因为；作状语 due to （不能用于句首）由于；作表语或状语88、native 本国的，本地的，本国人，本地人9、come up 走近，上来，提出（1 1）走近，赶上，上来）走近，赶

5、上，上来eg:A child came up to me and showed me the eg:A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.way to the station.(2) (2) (太阳，月亮）升起太阳，月亮）升起eg: The sky was dark blue and clear when the eg: The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.moon came up.(3) (3) 被提出讨论，被谈到；引起注意被提出讨论，被谈到

6、；引起注意eg: Your question came up at the meeting.eg: Your question came up at the meeting.注意：注意：come up come up 作作“被提出被提出” “” “被谈到被谈到”讲时为不讲时为不及物动词，不用于被动语态，它用于下列两种结构及物动词，不用于被动语态，它用于下列两种结构中：中：sb come up with sth. sb come up with sth. 和和 sth come up sth come up 9come up with come up with 提出提出（答案、办法等）（答案、办

7、法等） come about come about 产生产生 come to come to 苏醒；苏醒；共计共计 come outcome out 出版；出现出版；出现 come on come on 赶快，快点；加油赶快，快点；加油 come down come down 降落；跌落降落；跌落;come along ;come along 跟随跟随, ,跟着来跟着来 come acrosscome across 偶遇，碰到偶遇，碰到 come bycome by（为看望某人）作短暂拜访（为看望某人）作短暂拜访 come truecome true 成为现实；证实成为现实；证实 come u

8、p to come up to 达到，不辜负达到，不辜负1010、apartment 公寓 美flat 英 11、actually 实际上；事实上 eg:No,Im not a student.Im a doctor,actually.in fact in reality as a matter of fact12、AD 公元 BC 公元前1113、base 以为根据；基础，基本be based on/ upon 以为基础，以为根据This film is based on/upon the fact. 这部电影是以事实为依据的。 at the base of 在的底部base sth on

9、sth 把建立在上Dont base your happiness on otherspains.12basebase与与basisbasis的区别：的区别：二者都有二者都有“基础基础”的意思。的意思。basebase表示具体含义，意为表示具体含义，意为“根基根基” “” “基基础础”“”“底座底座”eg:the base of a buildingeg:the base of a building建筑物的根建筑物的根基（基础，底部）基（基础，底部）basisbasis表示表示抽象含义，即抽象含义，即“非物质方面的非物质方面的基础基础”eg:the economic basiseg:the e

10、conomic basis经济基础经济基础1314、at present 现在，目前相当于at the present timeeg:Im afaid that I cant help you at present, Im too busy.For the present 暂时eg: I cant remember her name for the present.14present n 现在；礼物 adj 现在的；出席的，在场的 be present at 出席,be absent from 缺席eg:Three hundred guests were present at the cere

11、mony.vt 把.交给；颁发present sth to sb= present sb with sth 把某物赠送给某人eg: The headmaster presented a medal to each winner.15 15、gradually adv gradual 逐渐的，逐步的 adj eg Fallen leaves gradually decompose. The weather gradually improved. Study should be a gradual process.1616、enrich 使富裕 enable 使能够enlarge 扩大，放大en+

12、名词 使有en+形容词 使entitle 使有权利,使有资格encourage 使有勇气，鼓励en+动词 有加强含义enforce 强制执行，强迫enlighten （en+照亮） 启蒙1717、vocabulary 词汇，词汇量eg: He has a large vocabulary in English.18、make use of 利用，使用相当于 take advantage of use 前可以用 good, the best, much, more, little, full 等表示程度的词修饰。eg:You must make good use of this book. Yo

13、u should make full use of time. use up 用完 be of great use 很有用1819、latter 较后的，（两者中的）后者的the latter 常与 the former 连用，构成短语the formerthe latter 前者后者Many people support the former idea, but personally I favor the latter. 很多人赞成前一种观点，但我个人喜欢后者。 later 是late的比较级，意为较后的。既可以做形容词，也可做副词。latter 指事物的先后，意为“后者” 只能做形容词1

14、920、identity n.身份identity card (ID card) 身份证identity certificate 身份证明eg:The police are trying to discover the identity of the killer.identify v.确认，识别，认出。eg:Can you identify your umbrella among these? 22、 frequent 频繁的，常见的adv frequently 频繁地，常常2021、fluent 流利的，流畅的adv fluently 尤指外语流利的，文字流畅的be fluent in 在

15、某方面流畅eg: She is fluent in English. 2122、 such assuch as : :“例如，诸如例如，诸如之类之类”，一，一般用来列举同类人或物中的般用来列举同类人或物中的几个例子几个例子， asas后后面没有逗号面没有逗号He has been to He has been to manymany countries, such as countries, such as America, Canada and Germany.America, Canada and Germany.for examplefor example “ “例如例如”：列举同类事物

16、中的：列举同类事物中的一一个例子个例子，在句中作插入语，可用于句首、句中、，在句中作插入语，可用于句首、句中、句末，需用逗号隔开。句末，需用逗号隔开。Many students have recitedMany students have recited（背诵）（背诵）the the passage. passage. For example,For example, Tom is one of them. Tom is one of them.2223.frequently adv 频繁地，经常（=often) eg This question is frequently asked. He

17、 frequently visits Hongkong. 频度副词：always usually often frequently sometimes occasionally seldom never 2324、 command command 命令，指令，掌握命令，指令，掌握under ones commandunder ones command由由指挥指挥under the command of sb.under the command of sb.在在指挥之下指挥之下have (a) command ofhave (a) command of掌握；精通（尤指语言）掌握；精通（尤指语言）

18、eg:The army is under the kings direct eg:The army is under the kings direct mand.He has a good command of French.He has a good command of French.Command sb to do sth Command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事eg:The policeman commanded the thief to eg:The policeman commanded the thief to mand that.(should)

19、mand that.(should) do.命令命令Eg:The teacher commanded that he (should)Eg:The teacher commanded that he (should)go out of the classroom.go out of the classroom.242525、requestrequest请求，要求请求，要求 (1)make (a) request for.(1)make (a) request for.请求；要求请求；要求eg We should make a request for help.eg We should make

20、 a request for help.at sb.s request=at the request of sb.at sb.s request=at the request of sb.应某人之要求应某人之要求by request (of)by request (of)照需要；依照请求；应邀照需要；依照请求；应邀（2 2）request sb.to do sth.request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事请求某人做某事eg Vistors are request not to touch the exhibits.eg Vistors are request not to to

21、uch the exhibits.request that sb.(should) do sth.request that sb.(should) do sth.要求，要求，请求请求The teacher requested that we (should) come an hour The teacher requested that we (should) come an hour earlier.earlier.25request, ask, demand, requirerequest, ask, demand, require(1)request(1)request意为意为“请求，要

22、求请求，要求”，指正式或礼貌的请，指正式或礼貌的请求。通常用于希望别人做某事，语气比较委婉。求。通常用于希望别人做某事，语气比较委婉。She requested permission to film at the White House.She requested permission to film at the White House.她申请准予在白宫拍摄。她申请准予在白宫拍摄。(2)ask(2)ask意为意为“请求请求”，指想从别人那里得到什么。其，指想从别人那里得到什么。其结构为结构为“ask sb.for sth.,ask sb.to do sth.”ask sb.for sth.,

23、ask sb.to do sth.”。He asked his mother for six dollars.He asked his mother for six dollars.他向母亲要了他向母亲要了6 6美元。美元。26Parents ask me to come back early after school.Parents ask me to come back early after school.父母要我放学后早点回家。父母要我放学后早点回家。(3)demand(3)demand意为意为“强烈要求强烈要求”，语气较重，含，语气较重，含“自己觉得有自己觉得有理由要求理由要求”的意

24、思。后接名词或不定式作宾语，但不能接的意思。后接名词或不定式作宾语，但不能接不定式作宾补，可以接用虚拟语气的从句。不定式作宾补，可以接用虚拟语气的从句。The captain demanded to know what was going on.The captain demanded to know what was going on.上尉上尉要求知道发生了什么事。要求知道发生了什么事。She demanded that we (should) give her an immediate She demanded that we (should) give her an immediate

25、answer.answer.她强烈要求我们立刻给她一个答复。她强烈要求我们立刻给她一个答复。27(4)require(4)require意为意为“需要，要求需要，要求”，含，含“按照法规要按照法规要求求”的意思。其后接用虚拟语气的从句，也可接不的意思。其后接用虚拟语气的从句，也可接不定式作宾补。定式作宾补。The city government requires that all the The city government requires that all the people (should) protect the environment.people (should) protec

26、t the environment.市政府要求人们保护环境。市政府要求人们保护环境。The city government requires the people to The city government requires the people to keep the streets clean.keep the streets clean.市政府要求人们保持街道清洁。市政府要求人们保持街道清洁。2826、expression 词语，表示，表达v express27、midwestern 中西部的eastern 东方的，东部的western 西方的，西部的southeastern 东南的n

27、orthwestern 西北的2928、play a part in 扮演角色play a role in Attitude plays an important part（role）in learning English. 29、accent 口音，腔调eg:Her accent is northern.30、lightning 闪电 eg:Lighting usually accomanies thunder.31、block 街区，木块，石块 eg:We live on the same block. 32、cab 出租车 （口语化）taxi 稍正式一点3033、straight adj

28、 adv(1)adv 笔直地，平整地，成直线eg:She looked at me straight in the eye(2) adv 直接，径直，立即eg:Come straight home after school.(3) adj 直的eg:His friend is tall, slim girl with a straight nose.(4) adj坦诚的，正直的eg:I dont think youre being straight with me.313434、recognize recognize (1)(1) 辨认出，认出辨认出，认出eg:I recognized my

29、old friend at onceeg:I recognized my old friend at once(2) (2) 承认承认搭配：搭配：recognize that. recognize that. recognize sb/sth to be recognize sb/sth to be recognize sb/sth as recognize sb/sth as 承认。是。承认。是。This book is now recognized as a classic.This book is now recognized as a classic.这本书现在被公认为一部经典著作。这本书现在被公认为一部经典著作。We all rec