英语发音规则_字母组发音

1、Phonics基础知识：元音字母:a e i/y o u前元音i:ie?|中?:?后u:u?:?a:开合双 元音eiai?i?uau集中双元 音i ?£ ?u?兀日ea ear ee eer ei/ey eu/ew辅音字母：b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w- x y- z字组:ar er ir or、 、_、ur ； are ere ire ore ure ； ai/ay air al au/aw ； ;ie oa oar/oor oi/oy oo ou/ow ourui清p pt tkk/cff/phss9th? sht? chtrtrtsts

2、h hm/n/ ? 鼻音 m/n/ng浊b bd dg gvvzse th? shd?dgedrdrdzdslr 舌则音 l/r分类爆破音摩擦音破擦音wj 半兀音 w/j辅音字组:ch -ck -dge dr- -ds gh gu- kn- -mn-ng ph qu- sh -tch th tr-ts wh- wr-a:/ ei ? /?/io:/ ?u ? ?/?uu:/ ju:/ u:?/?/u ?/ju(:)name bagchina, orangeclosenotse©nd, zeroduty, june cup, pull suppose, January e:/ i:/?

3、 e ?/ii:/ai i iaiel even bikefishholiday, exercise字母/字母组合发音：i:字母组合 e ea ee ie_-b eef t ea h e piecei 字母组合 e i y ey ay eleven p i g happy monley Sunday a： 字母组合 er ir or ur ear certainly g ir l w ord t urn l earn3 字母组合 a e o ar er or ur ear ure ou - doll ar, teach er, doct or, nurnur, Saturday , bear,

4、 delic i ous, fig ure? 发音字母 o u ou oo up l unch c ome tr ouble bl ooda:字母组合 a ar au ear c ar f arm l augh h eart4 字母组合 a al ar au aw or our w ater sm al l warm caughtdrawsh ort f our2 发音字母 o a h ot l ost w ash watchu:字母组合 o u oo ew f ood g oose sh oe d o tr ue bl ewju:/ ju:i字母组合 ui suit s ui cideu 字

5、母组合 oo ou u o 1 ook f oot sh ould p ut w omanei 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey n ame pl ay say br eak r ai n th ey gr eye 发音字母 e ea egg b ell br ead h eadai 发音字母 i y b i ke f i ne my fl y eyeau 字母组合 ou owh ouse acc ount fl ower h ow t own发音字母 o ow oah ome go know l owb oat g oali a字母组合 ea eer ear ere beer n ear

6、 h ere id ea h ere meree ?字母组合 ear air ere eir pear ch air th ere c are theiru a字母组合 our ower ure hour tour s ureju ? 字母组合 ure p ure c ure重读区分重音里的主重音和次重音所谓主重音，就是我们平常所说的重读音节，可在其左上方标上重音符号"'" 来表示。而次重音呢，发音时呼出的气流比主重音稍弱一点，但比非重读音节 强得多，我们常在此音节的左下方标"."来表示。一般来说，从重读音节算起的 倒数的第三个音节处就是次重音。

7、如：.appli'cation, .information, .understand等。太多了，不知你有兴趣看完吗？单音节词几乎都按重读音节对待。双音节重读规则：双音节制|同0 %以上是第一个音节重读；双音节丽方9 0 %以上是第二个音节重读；多音节重读规则：三个或三个以上音节的单词中有比较大的一部分是面标三个音节重读|；能辨清词头、词干和词尾的，一般都是词卡重读；含有一tion sion,ssion等字母组合的，肯定是该字母组合前紧挨着那个的音节重读。(1)开，闭音节开音节： 辅音+元音+辅音+e eg.Name或者 辅音+元音he(绝对开音)；闭音节：辅音+元音+辅音bad,元音+

8、辅音it【以辅音结尾】(2)音节划分音节：元音/元音组，辅音/辅音组A)兀首+辅首 A+4甫首B+兀首=兀首+辅首 A;辅首 B+X首(1) A same B : let-ter, mem-ber, chil-dren daugh-ter 重音在前(2) A no same B : sis-ter, sil-ver,mar-ket下列字母组合不允许分：(1) th, sh, ch, ck, tch : fa-ther , cash-ier , ma-chine , pock-et(2) 各种辅音连缀：cr, pr, bl, fl 等。A-pril , se-cret , a-pron , sa

9、-cred ,B)元音a+辅音+元音b =元音a(短音)+辅音；辅音+元音b (短音)长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weah-erC)多音节划分(1)多音节词通常重读倒数第三个音节；'accident , 'Africa , bi'ology(2)(前缀)+双音节词+ (后缀)，重音在原字根：ex'change , unfriendly , 'danger ous。(3)多音节复合名词通常重读第一个音节：'

10、basketball , 'interview(4)词尾有-tion,-sion 或-ian的多音节词，其重音一般在-tion, -sion 或-ian 前面的一个音节上。appli'ca tion , de'ci sion双元音单词一般一个单词里有两个元音时，前边一个元音发字母音，后边一个元音不发音。Eg： makq fee , sea, road , toe , cute 等等以下情况元音发长音：1) 一个单词以字母 e结尾，元音+辅音+e； note , athlete , nine2)以两个元音形成复合元音组合时，第一个发音，第二个不发音 ，eg： ai , a

11、y, ea, ee； i e, oa, oe, ue, ui。=sail , day； meal, need； tie , lie ； load , coat , toe ； glue , suit , fruit 等等3) 元音在单词或重读音节的结尾：he, paper, fiber, human； Y在单词的 结尾时被当作元音来使用，why, cry4)单词只有一个音节时，y=i的长音发音相同：by, cry , my, try ；单词 有两个音节 时，y=E的长音发音相同：baby, puppy, cit y;两三个辅音在一起1) Beginning consonant blends (

12、 bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gl, fr, pl, pr, sc, sk, sl, sm, sn, sp, st, sw, tr, tw, scr, spl, str)2) Ending consonant blends ( ft, lf, lm, lp, lt, mp, nd, nk, nt, pt, sk, st )3) Words ending in ll, ss, ff4) Consonant digraphs ( ch, tch, sh, th, wh, shr, squ, thr)5) 三字母组合： shr, spl , spr, squ, str ,

13、 thrshr -shrink ?k, shred ?ed;spl -splash spl? ?, split ; spr -spread spred, spring ；squ -square skwe?, squad ; str -string str ?, strip ；thr -t hrow 9 ?, three, throne 。一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音儿日子母读音例词a在开旨节中einame plane Jane baby cake have:h? v在闭音节中? /?bag dad hat map black backe在开音节中i ：或?he these me Chines

14、e zero serious在闭音节中ebed let pen desk yes egg seti在开普节中aibike fly drive time nice kite private在闭音节中ifish big drink sit milk swimo在开旨节中?u/Othose cose go hoe home no close在闭it节中? aclock not box shop socku在开音节中ju: , U:student excuse duty T uesday在闭音节中?/?, Ubus cup jump much lunch, pull在开音节中,元音字母 u在辅音字母j

15、£sj后面时读u：音，例如：June blueruler super、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词?China another woman breakfasta iorange comrade village cabbage?hundred student open weekendei chicken pocket begin children enemy eleveniholiday beautiful family animaliai exercise satelite?second tonight somebody welcomeo ?u also zero p

16、hoto ? autumn difficult upon suppose-ude 中 upopular congratulation January 在词尾的-ute ,ju(:)读ju:,例如：institute attitude动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读ei音，例如：operateu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u(:)音,例如：July influence February issue instrument在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i o u即可以读作?音，也可以读作i音三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音儿日子母读音例词Wh+a+ ; W+

17、a?/ ?：what watch wash quality wanta 在-f -lf -lm -n -sk -ph-sp -ss -st 廿a +m/n+ 辅首 +e"?after calm plant graph ask grasp glass fastfather halfAdvance , franceo 在-st -ld 前?u/omost postcard old coldo在m n v th前Acome monkey love mother1) i+辅音字母+le双音节2) i+nd/ ld/ gh/gn3) -ile/-ite/-ise/-ize/-wiseai1)

18、title , bible , rifle2) find, child, light, high 特殊： wind, children3) crocodile, appetite, advertise, realize, otherwise-iquei:kAntiqu e ?n'ti?k , technique tek'ni:k1) o+辅首(只后1个，r 除外)+ -ia, -ial, -ian,- iate, -io , ion, -ious,-ium 等2)双音节词：结尾-a, -al,- an, -ar, -en, -ive, -o,- on, -or, -our, -

19、um,- -us, -y 时3) -old , -oll , -ost4)词末的o或o+辅+e?u/o1) associate, devotion , Mong olia,2) broken, local, open, stol en, lot us3) almost c old s old ier p ost4) also piano tobaccotelephoneenvelope在 move、prove 及其派生词U:move approve improvement四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音+r兀音字组读音例词arar在w音后面":car farm dark

20、sharpenerQ:warm qu arter tow ardsoror在w音后面:forty morning short6word worker w orseer ir ur?:/?certainly bird Thursday teacher murmur'm ?m?辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节，而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。 例如： carry berry m irror sorry hurry-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读白音，例如： doll ar teacher martyr comfort Saturday五、-re音节元音字组在 重读音

21、节中的读音兀音字组读音例词aree?care dare hareerei ?/ e?here mere where thereireai?fire hire wireore?more score beforeureju?/u ?/?pure cure /sure /figure,injure元整的-re首ij are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读自ij中， ure在非重读自j中读?首，例如：picture pleasure非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发?r音，例如：salary 's? l?ri重读音节中元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，

22、按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母 r读r音。例如：parent zero inspiring story during某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very Am eri can paragraph forest spir it六、元音 字组在重读音节中的读音二代 儿日字组读音例词ai/ayeiafraid rain wait day playaire?air hair chair pair theireiral?:small ball talk wall allal在falways also salt almostm前:la :half calmau/awaut

23、umn daughter draw：-angeeichange t?e?n(d) ?str angestr e?n(d) ?-atecalculate k? lkj ? le?t ; hesitate踌躇hez ?te?t例外：separate sep(?)r?t,climatekla ?m ?t气候；风气；思潮；风土eai：teach easy cheap pleaseeheavy bread sweater weathereibreak greati ?Th eatre idea realear特例：heart：a：ihear dear near clear yearebear pear

24、w ear swear:earth learn earlyeei：jeep week green threeeeripioneer deer beerei/eyeieight neighbour th eyi：either keyeu/ew 在j l r s 后ju：new few newspaperu：fl ew brew j ewelryie/eis 音之 后i：piece field receiveoa?ucoat Joan boat goaloar/oo r:roar board door fl ooroi/oynoise point boy toi letioou：broom foo

25、d tooth schoolubook look cook foot goodou/owaufl ower house count downoukn ow row throw thoughyoung country enoughu:group you soupourcourse your four:auour hour oursjourney:ui在j l rs 后-ju：Suitu：ifl uid suicide tuitionu：juice fruit suit例外 suiteswi:t七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音兀音字组或字群读音例词ai/ay ei/ey川Sunday fore

26、ign monkeyow?uyell ow sparrow tomorr ow元音字组在非重读音节中读3音或i音。例如：neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee-sion -tion?nimpression nation子母 + -sion?nvi sion decision occasionS+ -tiont?nquestion suggestion-stens?nlisten christen 【t不发白】-stleslwhistle jostle castle-sure?pressure首子母+ -sure?pleasure measure-ture

27、阴picture culture八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everyday© , handbag? , blackboard:有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在时的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun太阳+ dayei日子 > Sundayi星期天holy 神圣 + dayei日子 > holid ayi假日break 中断 + fast a-戒 > breakfast?/ i早餐cup 茶杯 + board

28、 木板0: > cupboard?/ i碗柜main主要部分 + l and陆地? > mainland向大陆九、哺音字组的读音辅字组读音例词bbbike bus bag/bomb tomb lamb clim bC+a/o/u 重日 c+e/i/y 轻音凶cake picture coat music cupsface decide cinema cycle cyberch%much chick ri ch teacherkschool headache chemistry1machine Chicago-ckkcock pocket black knockdddoctor br

29、ead hand day-dge由bridge fri dgedr-drchildren driver drink-dsdzGoods,hoodsfffive four breakfastg+a/o/u 重日 g+e i/y轻音bag gardon go guideorange large German Egypt giraffe 长颈鹿 badge特例give girl forgetghfcough enough rough/light daughter high eightgu- -gueguess league dialogue guitar9wlanguage anguish peng

30、uinhhhot head house hand/hour honest honorj由jeep jar joke join Julykkkind bi ke skate make weekkn-nknife know knocklllife mi lk school tallmmmonkey come tomato-mnmautumn column solemnnn在k g首前nnot shine ten note?uncle thank hungry-ng?morning young wrongPppaper plane pig ship penphfelephant photo tele

31、phoneqkIraqqu-kwquality quite quarterrrred rubber rulerS在音节开头或+清辅音前S在兀音字母间或+浊辅音前ssit sleep deskzmusic husbandsc-skscarlet scout Scotlandsmuscle scienceshJshe fish shirt washt在通常情况下在弱读字母 ia ie io前tten letter meetJpatient nationtchMwatch catch matchth在通常情况下9thin thirty method在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther

32、中ethe these with thaneclothe father weathertr-trtree train country truckvvvery voice love leavewwweek win wake sweet wait/answer twowh-wh-在字母o前wwhat wh en white whyhwho whose wh oleX在中间或结尾X在中间ksbox text exercisegzexample exist exactwr-rwrite wrong wristy-jyes yard yellow youngzzpuzzle zero zoo不发音的辅音

33、字母(Silent Consonants )字母组合不发音字母例词gh h ghost, ghetto, ghastlygn g gnat, gnarl, gnaw, gnome, signkn k knife , knit, know, knock, kneemb b comb, lamb, thumb, dumb, climbpn p pneumoniaps p psalm, psychic, psychologyrh h rhinoceros, rhyme, rhythmsc c scissors, scent, scene, scenery, scenario wr w wrong,

34、wrist, wrap, wretch, wrenchgh gh light, high, eight, sigh, night十：连读规则辅自+兀首Take it easy , tei-ki-tizi; Fill in the form fi-1inNot at all no-tae-to:;肾+肾She went t o school儿曰+儿曰see it ;自然拼音拼读练习表第一天： a e i o u a_e e_e i_e o_e u_eAa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat appleEe:egg well red pen net hen bed bell

35、Ii: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hillOo:ox on octopus box sock operate ostrichUu:sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle undercape name tape lake game make take hatethese Japanese Chinesebite five nine kite mine nice ride siderose nose rope note pose home rode thosetube cube June cute huge第二天 :ai ay ee

36、ea ey ie igh oa ow ui ueai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nail maiday:bay ray way say hay pay May layee:reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teethea:sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf peaey:donkey monkey jockey turkey monkey hockey key trolleyie:tie pie lie dieigh:right sight night tight hight fight

37、high sighoa:road toast toad coal goat boat coat soapow:rainbow pillow yellow window bowl row hollow lowui:suit juice fruitue:Sue blue glue true第三天 :ar er ir ur orar: arm car armchair card cart farm park gardener:sister brother under rooster winter mermaid marker motherir:birthday circus dirty bird c

38、ircle dirt girlur:turtle surfing turkey fur hurt purse nurseor:porch pork horse horn fort morning corn fork第四天 :ou ow oi oy au aw oo oo eaou:house out mouth count fountain mountain shout mouseow:cow towel clown owl crown brown flower toweroi:coin oil point noise boil soil poison coiloy:oyster boy co

39、wboy soy toyau:august sause sausage naughty autumn applauseaw:paw draw saw straw strawberry lawnoo:moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoon room cool fool boom foolishoo:book cook good foot look hookea:head sweater sweat pear lead bear leather feather 第五天 :ch sh wh ph th th kn wr mbch:beach lunch chee

40、se bench church chicken chair cherrysh:sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoes shovelwh:whale white wheel wheat whip whistle wheelchair whisper ph:photo elephant telephone trophy pharmacy alphabet th:brother feather leather father motherth:thumb three bathmat thirsty thief bath mouth teeth kn:knob kne

41、e knife knock knitwr:wrist wrinkle wrap wreath writemb:thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numb第六天 :bl fl pl cl gl br cr gr pr fr tr dr bl:blue black blouse bloom bleach blanket blonde hairfl: flat flu fly flame flute floor flag flowerpl:plane play plus planet platform plum plate plantcl:clock cloud clean cl

42、ay climb close clap clowngl:glove globe glass glue glasses gliderbr:bright brook brim bride brown bread brick brothercr:crown crab cream crow crayon crocodile cry croissantgr:gray green grass grapes ground grow grandma pr:prixe price prawn press prince princess pray fr:frog frost Friday French fries

43、 fruit front friend frame tr:tractor truck train tray tree triangle trunk trolley dr:dream drum dry drop draw drive dress drink 第七天 :sm sn sl sw sp st sc sk all ew y sm:smile small smell smoke smoothsn:snowman snow snore snake snail sneakers sneakers snack sl:slow slap sleep slide slope sledsw:switc

44、h swallow swan swim sweet swing sweater sweatsp:spider spaceship spinach spoon spellst:stockings store star stamp storm stick student stand sc:scarf scooter scanner scarecrow scale scorpion scoop sk:skunk skis skirt skates all:call tall fall ball wallew:dew few view hew new nephew newspaperYy: sky fly dry spy type shy cry myYy :Miny sunny puppy di