专业英语八级分类模拟题阅读理解(十九)

1、专业英语八级分类模拟题阅读理解（十九）READING COMPREHENSIONTEXT AA clear-blue-eyed 19-year-old with a blond ponytail, Ben Alexander of Iowa City, tramps along a mossy trail, pops into a chi eke n coop he rece ntly helped build and grins while clamberi ng up a swin ging bridge to a coun sell ng room in a treehouse This

2、 is the rapy a la Swiss Family Robi nson.Alexa nder is the first patie nt at the n ewly ope ned RESTART, a video-game and Inter net addicti on recovery program in Fall City, Wash., about 30 miles east of Seattle .It's hard to imagi ne Alexander, now merrily giving a tour of the woodsy facility,

3、glued to a computer game for more than 16 hours a day, but he says, "It was pretty much all I was doing when I was in college."Nearly a year ago, Alexander had gotten so consumed with the online fantasy game World of Warcraft that he would skip meals and forgo sleep to keep up with the act

4、ion. Several times he tried unsuccessfully to wean himself off the game. On the brink of failing out of school, Alexander approached his dad for help. nl had a brief moment of clarity," he says.Alexander's parents were supportive, and checked him into an addiction treatment center in Easter

5、n Washington. But his fellow patients at the center were battling alcoholism, heroin addiction and other serious substance abuse problemsssues Alexa nder could rft relate to. "It was n't really worki ng for me?M he says. He left the center to try a wilderness adventure program in the Utah d

6、esert (which didn't help either), until his parents discovered RESTART, where, for $15,500 (ineluding application, screening and treatment fees), "guests*' could spend 45 days cut off from the computer, integrated into a real family's home with chores, daily counseling sessions and

7、weekly therapyThe program, run by psychotherapists Cosette Dawna Rue and Hilarie Cash, is located in Rae's house, where her husband and son also reside There's room for six patients, but during Alexander's treatment, he is the only one at the facility He is given a regular schedule, with

8、 outdoor activities (including carpentry projects or caring for chickens and goats) plotted throughout the day, plus chores and meals Rue says the program is designed to mimic what life will be like once patients return home downtime is built into the routine, so people can learn to cope with boredo

9、m Alexander spends some of that time running when he first got to the facility, he expressed an interest in running, so Rue and Cash set him up with a local trainer, who now takes him on regular jogs. Alexander also has daily counseling sessions with Ruef where they discuss his long-term goals, and

10、even work on a plan for a tutoring business he hopes to start Once a week, he has a therapy session with Cash, a specialist in video game and In ternet addicti on.Not every psychologist would agree that In ternet or video-game depe ndency is a legitimately diagnosable problem Some suggest that patho

11、logical game-playing or Inter net surfi ng is not an addiction per se, but a symptom of a deeper issue, such as depression or anxiety But Cash believes the virtual world can be no less addicting than other activities, such as gambling. She describes her first patient who exhibited signs of compulsio

12、n; He had come to her in a moment of crisis 15 years ago 一 having discovered a text-only role-playing computer game that was conceptually similar to Dun geo ns and Drago ns, he had beg un dedicati ng n early all of his time to the game He got fired from his job at nearby Microsoft, and his marriage

13、was falling lo pieces Cash realized he was showing the classical signs of addiction. J was so intrigued/* says the co-author of the recent book Video Games and Your Kids: How Parents Stay in Control. "That was what started me on my path."Since the n, Cash has focused her practice on video-

14、game and In ter net addicti on, treating patients who use their electronic media so obsessively that they stop sleeping and eating properly, ruin relationships with loved ones, suffer repetitive use injuries such as eye strain and carpal tunnel syndrome, and develop depression and anxiety, among oth

15、er things. Cash's private practice is located in Redmond, Wash, the home of Microsoft 一 not an entirely surprising hub of compulsive Internet and video-game use, she says. Indeed, the Seattle-Tacoma area is the nation's 13th largest media market, and has the highest level of Internet use in

16、the country; according to a recent study, more than 45% of adults in the area regularly play video games. ''There's no thing wrong with this technology/1 says Cash, who is careful to note that it's not the medium that is to blame, but rather, the lack of education about it. "It&

17、#39;s all in how it's used.Nl Which of the following statements about Alexander is true?A. He is unaware of the seriousness of his addiction to computer game playing.B. His treatment in RESTART is supported by his parents financially and spiritually.C. He has other senous substanee abuse problem

18、s besides computer game addiction.D. He feels restrained and unhappy during the treatment in RESTART 答案：B解劄 事实细节题亠第四段首句说他父母very supportive并且check him into"他登记円一家网瘾治疗 中心，显然是父母出资，可见父母是在精神和经济上双重支持他，故选B。第三段后两句说亚历山大 在片刻清醒时，向他父亲求助，正是因为亚历山大意识到自己网游成瘾才可能有求肋的行为，故A错 误。第四段第二句提到同时接受治疗的人都有酒瘾、毒瘾或者药物滥用等成瘾症.而这些

19、亚历山大都 没有，故C错误。文章没有提到亚历山大在ReSTART接受治疗时拘谨或不快乐，D属于无中生有，排 除。2. Which of the following words is used literally, NOT metaphorically?A. GIued. (Paragraph 2)B. Battling. (Paragraph 4)C. Plotted. (Paragraph 5)D. Built. (Paragraph 5)答案：C解劄 修辞格题=Plot字面意思是“策划；安排”，第五段中plotted throughout the day在这里用的是 其原意，故C正确。Gl

20、ued原意是“用胶水粘"，第二段中用glued to a computer game,用其比喻义“盯 住不放，沉迷故A排除。Battle是“战斗啲意思,第四段中battling alcohol引申为“戒酒”，故B排除。 Built原意是“建筑”，在第五段中引申为“规划，安排啲意思，相当于plotted,故D排除。3. ReSTART's treatment on Alexander does NOT includeA. assigni ng him some tasks like building a chi eke n coop or cooking.B. helping

21、him explore joy from developing other hobbies.C. offering some psychological service.D. tutoring him on business which he hopes to engage in.答案：D解答事实细节题n第五段倒数第二句，雷和亚历山大讨论他的长期规划，甚至和他一起做计划都是 为了做心理咨询，并未提及有人会为亚历山大指导他想做的生意，D属于推导过度，故选D。在首段 首句说“钻进他最近帮忙修建的鸡棚"；由第五段第三句可知他每天的活动包括做饭，故A排除。第五 段第五句提到亚历山大表示出对跑

22、步的兴趣，雷和凯西就为他找来当地的教练，可见他们很注意用兴 趣爱好来让亚历山大更充实，故B排除。山第五段倒数第二句的daily counseling secessions可知 ReSTART会为亚历山大提供心理咨询，故C排除。4. Which of the following is Cash's opinion?An ter net or video-game depe ndency should n't be treated as a psychological problem.B. Video-game playing is more addictive than gamb

23、ling and other activities.C. Given more instructions and supervisio ns, people will have less Inter net-related problems.D. The more advanced technology is, the more dependent people will be on it.答案：c解答推理判断题A对 B错。尾段尾句中凯西说不应该谴责媒介本身，而应该提供更多的教育和 指导。故“如果有更多指导和监督.互联网问题就会减少"属于她的观点，选C。由第五段首句可知对 成瘾症患者

24、的治疗是由凯西和另一位心理治疗师共同开展的，作为心理治疗师开展救治游戏成瘾者, 那她必定是把其当做心理问题的，故A错误。由第六段第三句可知凯西认为虚拟世界成瘾症和现实世 界中的一样糟，故B错误。尾段第二句讲到凯西的私人诊所位于微软总部所在地时，凯西说这里网游 成瘾也就不足为怪了 ；故由这句话可以看出凯西认为电脑技术越先进人们越有可能沉迷网络.故D错 、口I天O5. Which of the following is NOT among the possible effects of video-game addiction?A. Obesity.B. Poor eyesight.C. Hand

25、icmp of interpersonml relationship.D. SIeep disorder.答案：A解答推理判断题A对B错。尾段首句说沉迷于网游的人没有正常的睡眠和饮食、疏远亲朋好友、患上眼疾等疾病。文中没有提到肥胖问题，而根据常识沉迷网络的人经常不吃饭也不大可能引起肥胖, 故选A。由eye strain可排除B ；由mined relationship with loved ones可排除C ；由stop sleeping properly 可知排除D。TEXT BHistoria ns have only recently beg un to note the in crea

26、se in demand for luxury goods and services that took place in eighteenth-century England. McKendrick has explored the Wedgwood firm's remarkable success in marketing luxury pottery; Plumb has written about the proliferation of provindal theater, musical festivals, and children's toys and boo

27、ks. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: Who were the consumers? What were their motives? And what were the effects of the new dema nd for luxuries?An answer to the first of these has been difficult to obtairi Although it has been possible to inf

28、er from the goods and services actually produced what manufacturers and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of releva nt personal docume nts written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what. We still need to know how large this consumer market w

29、as and how far dow n the social scale the con sumer dema nd for luxury goods pen etrated With regard to this last question, we might note in passing that Thompson, while nghtly restoring laboring people to the stage of eighteenth century English history, has probably exaggerated the opposition of th

30、ese people to the inroads of capitalist consumensm in general; for example, laboring people in eighteenth- century England readily shifted from home-brewed beer to standardized beer produced by huge, heavily capitalized urban breweries.To answer the question of why consumers became so eager to buy,

31、some historians have pointed to the ability of manufacturers to advertise in a relatively uncensored press. This, however, hardly seems a sufficient answer. Mckendrick favors a Veblem model of conspicuous consumption stimulated by competitio n for status. The 'middling sort" bought goods an

32、d services because they wan ted to follow fashions set by the rich Again, we may wonder whether this explanation is sufficient Do not people enjoy buying things as a form of self-gratification? If so, consumerism could be seen as a product of the rise of new concepts of individualism and materialism

33、, but not necessarily of the frenzy for conspicuous competition.Finally, what were the con seque nces of this consumer dema nd for luxunes? McKe ndrick claims that it goes a long way towa rd explai ning the comi ng of the In dustrial Revolutio n. But does it? What, for example, does the product!on o

34、f high-quality pottery and toys have to do with the development of iron manufacture or textile mills? It is perfectly possible to have the psychology and reality of a consumer society without a heavy industrial sector.That future exploration of these key questions is undoubtedly necessary should not

35、, however, diminish the force of the con clusio n of rece nt studies: the in satiable demand in eightee nth-ce ntury England for frivolous as well as useful goods and services foreshadows our own world. 1 In the first paragraph, the author mentions McKendrick and Plumb toA. contrast their views on t

36、he subject of luxury consumerism in 18th century England.B. in di cate the in adequacy of historiog rmphical approaches to 18th cen tury En glish history.C. give examples of historians who have helped to establish the fact of growing consumerism in 18th century England.D. support the contention that

37、 key questions about 18tb century consumerism remain to be answered. 答案：c解劄 推理判断题A对B错口根据题干中的McKendrick and Plumb可将本题的答案迅速确定在首 段的第二句。根据篇章结构来分析，本段是介绍事实，引出问题的。文章在第三句提出了问题，那么 上文肯定会介绍到史学家对其研究这一事实，否则从何引出问题。所以，文章举例的目的就是为了列 举对英国奢侈品研究的例子，所以C项为本题答案。2. Which of the following statements would provide an example

38、 of the kind of documents mentioned in lines 3-4, paragraph 2?A. A written agreement between a supplier of raw materials and a supplier of luxury goods.B. A diary that mentions luxury goods and services purchased by its author.C. A theater ticket stamped with the date and name of a particular playD.

39、 A payroll record from a company that produced luxury goods such as pottery答案：B解答事实细节题n题干中的信息词已将本题的答案定位在第二段的三、四行。第二段第二句的主句 only a study of releva nt pers onal docume nts written by actual con sumers, 即：只有具体的客户所记 载下来相关的私人文件才能提供关于“谁想要什么"的准确信息。关键词是personal documents, B项中 的diary与之对应，表述完全符合原文中提到的要求，

40、所以本题的答案是B。3 Which of the following may be the laboring people's attitude in 18th century toward capitalist con sumerism?A. Enthusiasm.B. Curiosity C. Ambivalence.D. Hostility.答案：D解劄 推理判断题A对 B错。通过题干中的信息词capitalist consumerism可将本题的答案定位在第 二段的尾句。本句提到：汤姆逊夸大了劳动人民对资本主义消费方式侵蚀的抵抗情绪。opposition 词是关键信息，虽然说对

41、他们的抵制情绪有所夸大，但抵制情绪还是存在的，由此也就谈不上A . Enthusiasm“热情"。B“好奇心”、C“反感”两项也很容易排除，所以D . Hostility“敌意"最为合适。4. Which of the following is true about the third paragraph?A. Manufacturers advertisements made consumers eager to buy.B. Mckendrick agrees that conspicuous competition was stimulated by competit

42、ion for statusC. The ''middling sort'1 bought goods and services to follow the fashions set by the richD. Consumerism could be the product of the frenzy for conspicuous competition.答案：B解答事实细节题亠根据题干信息，可以将答案定位在第三段。观察各选项，A项提到的信息是对第 三段第一句话的同义转述，但接下来的第二句“这似乎并不是个理由充分的答案”对第一句进行了否定, 因此A表述错误。B项是对

43、原文第三句话的同义转述，麦克德瑞克同意由社会地位的竞争而引起的一 种引人注目的消费这一说法。为本题答案。C项的描述是对第四句的同义转述，但按下来的第五句也 进行了否定，所以与A项是同样的错误，忽略了原文中的否定信息。D项则是与原文信息完全相反。5. Accordi ng to the passage, the reade rs of eightee nth-century En gla nd and the con tempo rary world areA. dissimilar in the extent to which luxury consumerism could be said

44、to be widespread among the social classes.B. dissimilar in their definitions of luxury goods and servicesC. dissimilar in the extent to which luxury goods could be said to be stimulant of industnal development.D. simila r in their strong dema nd for a variety of goods and services.答案：D解劄 事实细节题通过题干中K

45、)the contemporary world可将本题的答案迅速确定在尾段，因为尾 段中的our own world相当于the contemporary worldo尾段最后一句中的foreshadows是最关键的一个 信息词。尾段最后一句意为“十八世纪英国对那些有用和琐碎商品及服务的不断的需求预示了我们目 前的这个世界的特征：意思就是两个时期的读者对各种物质和服务都有强烈的需求,故本题答案为D。TEXTCSaudi Arabia, the oil industry's swing producer, has become its flip-flopper. In February,

46、 it persuaded OPEC to cut its total production quotas by Im barrels per day (bpd), to 23.5m, as a precaution against an oil-price crash this spring. That fear has since been replaced by its opposite. The price of West Texas crude hit $40 last week, its highest since the eve of the first Iraq war, pr

47、ompting concerns that higher oil prices could sap the vigour of America's recovery and compound the frailty of Europe's On Mon day May 10th, Ali al-Naimi, Saudi Arabia's en ergy min ister, called on OPEC to raise quotas, by at least 1.5m bpd, at its next meeting on June 3rdThus far, the

48、high oil price has been largely a consequence of good things, such as a strengthening world economy, rather than a cause of bad things, such as faster inflation or slower growth. China's burgeoning economy guzzled about 6m bpd in the first quarter of this year, 15% more than a year ago, accordi

49、ng to Goldma n Sachs Dema nd was also strong in the rest of Asia, excl u di ng Japan, growi ng by 5.2% to 8.1 m bpd. As the year progresses, the seasonal rhythms of America's drivers will dictate prices, at least of the lighter, sweeter crudes. America ns take to the roads en masse in the summer

50、, and speculators are drivi ng up the oil price now in anti cipatio n of peak dema nd in a few mon ths* time Until recently, the rise in the dollar price of oil was offset outside America and China by the fall in the dollar itself But the currency has regained some ground in recent weeks, and the oi

51、l price has continued to rise Even so, talk of another oil-price shock is premature The price of oil, adjusted for in flation, is only half what it was in December 1979, and the Un ited States now uses half as much energy per dollar of output as it did in the early 1970s. But if oil cannot shock the

52、 world economy quite as it used to, it can still give it Ha good kick11, warns Goldman Sachs. If average oil prices for the year come in 10% higher than it forecast, it reckons GDP growth in the Group of Seven (G7) rich nations will be reduced by 0.3%, or $70 billion.The America ns are certai nly ta

53、king the issue seriously J ohn Snow, their treasury secretary, called OPEC's February decision 'regrettable： and the rise in prices since then "not helpful". Washington pays close heed to the man at the petrol pump, who has seen the average price of a gallon of unleaded petrol rise

54、 by 39 cents in the past year. And the Saudis, some mutter, pay close heed to Washingt on.Besides, the high oil price may have filled Saudi coffers, but it has also affr on ted Saudi pride. Mr Ali al-Naimi thinks the high price is due to fears that supply might he disrupted in the future These fears

55、, he says, are "unwarrantecT But the hulking machinery in the Arabian desert that keeps oil flowing round the world prese nts an inviting target to terrorists should they tire of bom bing embassies and nightclubs. On May 1st, gunmen killed six people in a Saudi office of ABB Lummus Global, an A

56、merica n oil con tractor. Such incidents add to the risk premium factored into the oil price, a premium that the Saudis take as a vote of no con fide nee in their kingdom and its ability to guarantee the supply of oil in the face of terrorist threats.l What does the author mean by "Saudi Arabia

57、 has become its flip-flopper" (Para.l)?A. Saudi Arabia objected to the fall in the oil price.B. Saudi Arabia wished to reduce the oil product!on.C. Saudi Arabia was concerned about the world economy.D. Saudi Arabia reversed its earlier decision.答案：D解答推理判断题A对 B错。首段首句是主题句。通读全段可知，沙特阿拉伯在二月份向欧佩克 要求将

58、石油生产定额降低，而在五月份又要求増加石油生产定额，因而沙特政府推翻了早先的决定, 故D为答案。2. Which of the following does NOT contribute to the high oil price?A. The reduced oil production of Saudi ArabiaB. The rapid growth of China's economy.C. The seasonal dema nd of America n drivers for oil.Speculators* activities of bidding up the o

59、il price.答案：A解劄 事实细节题由题干的contribute to（促成）将答案锁定在第二段，该段第一句的a consequence of（由于；作为的结果）提示该段分析了高油价的原因。后三个选项皆能在此段找到对应的出处，故 排除。A有很大的干扰性，但文中并没有明确指出“沙特阿拉伯降低石油产出”导致了石油价格的上涨， 故A为答案。3 According to Goldman Sachs, the rise of oil priceAis largely offset by the fall of U.S currency.B. will inevitably trigger another oil-price shock.C. could affect world economy negativelyD. is eno ugh for America ns to take it seriously 答案：c解答推理判断题A对 B错。Goldman Sachs在文中第二段和第三段出现过，第二段涉及高盛有关 中国对石油需求的看法，第三段提到高盛谈到高油价对世界经济的影响：能给世界经济一个触动。再 结合接下来一句提到的高油价可能会让七国集团的国民生产总值