2018年江苏省南京市高三年级第三次模拟考试试题英语及答案解析

1、2018年江苏省南京市高三年级第三次模拟考试试题英语第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）（略）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1. Sometimes itshard to accept the truth _ thelie sounds so much better.A. becauseB. unlessC. thoughD. until解析：考查连词。句意：有时候真相很难被接受因为谎言听起来更好听。故选A。答案：A2. Held inside fortoo

2、 long, regret _affect the immune system.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. shall解析：考查情态动词。情态用词特殊用法，can表示可能。后悔在心里憋得时间过长，可能会有影响到免疫系统。故选B。答案：B3. Coming-of-age is aceremony _youngpeople wear traditional costumes to mark the transition from youth toadulthood.A. thatB. whatC. asD. where解析：考查定语从句。成人礼是一个仪式，在这个仪式上孩子们穿

3、着传统服饰标志着孩子从青少年成长为成年人。Where表地点指代前面的ceremony。故选D。答案：D4. We come fromdifferent cultures, and carry with_ different histories.A. itB. thatC. usD. them解析：考查固定搭配。carry with sb. sth.，句意：我们来自不同的文化，我们背负着不同的历史。故选C。答案：C5. The couch of thefootball team _toresign to take responsibility for the failure, but it wa

4、s rejected.A. offeredB. managedC. neededD. afforded解析：考查动词词义辨析。A主动提供，B成功做成，C需要，D付得起。句意：这支足球队的的主教练主动提出辞职来承担这场失利的责任，但是这个请求被拒绝了。根据句意，选A。答案：A6. The suspect wasreleased, as the evidence was _and, to some extent, ambiguous.A. clearB. thinC. hardD. negative解析：考查形容词词义辨析。大致句意为指控被取消了，因为证据不够充分。A清晰，C坚硬牢靠，D消极的，均

5、不符合句意，根据排除法，故选B。答案：B7. Can you put me _aboutthe World Cup Football Match?Sorry. I myself know nothingabout it.A. in the airB. on the moveC. in the pictureD. on the post解析：考查介词短语。A悬而未决，B在移动中，C知情，D当场,立刻。句意：你能给我讲讲世界杯吗？不好意思，我自己也不太清楚。Put sb in the picture about也可理解为固定搭配，故选C。答案：C8. The selfie has inspired

6、 risk-taking behavior,_ the boundaries of safety, whether by hanging from a skyscraper orposing with live explosives.A. pushedB. to pushC. pushingD. having pushed解析：考查时态语态。这里逗号加v-ing表示的是一种顺其自然的结果，“自拍激发了很多危险动作，引发了很多危险”，选C。答案：C9.As more and morecompanies extend their global _, it is easy to understand

7、 why new opportunitiesbirth in various locations.A. concernB. appealC. reachD. consensus解析：考查名词辨析。A关心，B吸引，C可及之范围，D共识。句意：因为越来越多的公司开始扩展自己的国际贸易范围，因此也可以很容易的理解为什么新的机会都产生在各种地区。Extend reach，选C。答案：C10.Through the use of blogs, shy students who rarely _ duringclass discussions are given a voice.A. advanceB.

8、focusC. compromiseD. contribute解析：考查动词辨析。大致句意为：通过博客的广泛使用，那些害羞的不敢再讨论上发言的学生也有了发表自己意见的地方。A促进，B关注，D贡献，均不符合句意，根据排除法，选D。意为在教室讨论中做出自己应有的贡献。答案：D11.The agency willmake travel arrangements for you._ , youcan organize your own transport.A. SimilarlyB. FurthermoreC. InsteadD. Alternatively解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个机构会帮你

9、做好旅行安排。或者，你也可以自己安排出行方式。根据句意，该空格表达的是选择的意思，故选D，Alternatively。答案：D12. We watched theharbour and then the coastline_into themorning mist.A. turn awayB. fade awayC. wear awayD. break away解析：考查短语辨析。句意：我们眺望了港口接着海岸线消失在早晨的雾霭之中。结合语意，表达的是海岸线延伸至远处，消失在雾霭之中，故用fade away，A远离，C磨损，D脱离；打破，均不符合句意，故选B。答案：B13. The banker

10、 finds it difficult _justas an ordinary human being at home.A. to treatB. to be treatedC. to have treatedD. to have been treated解析：考查时态语态。被对待，表示被动，排除AC，不存在表示过去的含义，不需要用have，排除D，故选B。答案：B14.They say at the end of your life, you regret the stuff you didnt do more than the stuff that you _.A. doB. didC.

11、had doneD. would do解析：考查时态语态。句意为：在你生命的最后时间，你会更加后悔那些你没有做过的事而不是那些你做过的事。做过的事，时态为过去时，故用did，选B。答案：B15. Hey, can youlend me some money, buddy? I am hard up these days._. The funds Ibought came down again yesterday and I dont have a bean now.A. Forget itB. No worryC.No problemD. Forgive me解析：考查情景交际。句意：能借我点

12、钱吗兄弟，最近手头拮据。别想了，我买的基金昨天又亏了我现在一个子都没有了。首先排除BC，D forgive me用在要说或者请求一些鲁莽的事情前。（used before you ask or say something that might seem rude）不符语境，故选A。答案：A第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。What brought McCoy thatBaltimore alley was nothing to be proud of. McCoy was looking for

13、 a safe placeto do 16 . He had been there for only a minute when something caught his eyes: a brownleather Rioni handbag.Picking it up, he found it had been 17 of everything but an electricity bill.McCoy could 18 all too well. One of his 19 possessions, the sleeping bag, had recently been stolen.Rem

14、embering how angered hed been by his own 20 , he decided to return the purse.He began right away, startingwith the 21 on the bill. It was on the other side of the city.On the way, several people asked to buy the purse, but he 22 ,“Im returning this to its owner.”After traveling much of theday and 23

15、 approaching the address, he was stopped by a woman called Smith. She asked tobuy the purse. 24 , McCoy refused, saying he was searching for itsowner. “But I am the owner,” thewoman said.At Smiths 25 .McCoy told her his story. Hed been in charge of a landscaping business until2012, when he was in ac

16、ar accident that 26 him addicted to narcotics.Smith, 27 , this stranger had gone to such great strengths toreturn her bag, asked to do somethingtohelp. “Im a heroin addict,” McCoy 28 .“Im probably going to let you down.”Undaunted, Smith gave him herphone number, saying, “If you want to go to rehab,

17、call me.” She 29 his lost sleeping bag with her own, then drove himback and left, thinking that would be the 30 of it. Two days later, she got a call.Smith realized that McCoy was 31 aboutgetting better; he even gave her the name of a 28-day rehab facility inFlorida. So she 32 her saving account and

18、 bought McCoy a plane ticket.While there, he would call her. “I heard his 33 over thephone. Every day he would call me, and it went from this scared, 34 voice to ahealthy, energetic voice.”After 28 days there, McCoy isdrug-free. His life is back 35 .One crime victim would empathize with anothers los

19、s.16.A. drugsB. sportsC.businessD. study17.A. ridB. removedC. emptiedD. cheated18.A. recallB. relateC. rememberD. reflect19.A. fewB. manyC. illegalD. original20.A. lossB. deedC. desireD. response21.A.nameB. dateC.numberD. address22.A. addedB. declinedC. promisedD. hesitated23.A. slowlyB. secretlyC.

20、finally D. cautiously24.A. ThenB. ActuallyC. ConstantlyD. Again25.A. urgingB. insultingC. approvingD. threatening26.A. keptB. leftC. foundD. saw27.A. amusedB. confusedC. amazedD. concerned28.A. insistedB. repeatedC.declaredD. warned29.A.sharedB. replacedC. exchangedD. compared30.A. endB. starC. resu

21、ltD. cause31.A. carefulB. casualC. seriousD. doubtful32.A. went intoB. dug intoC. looked intoD. checked into33.A. satisfactionB. expectationC. transformationD. determination34.A.calmB. anxiousC. pleasantD. desperate35.A. at willB. at riskC.on dutyD. on track解析：16.根据后文M这个人吸毒，可以看出，他想找一个地方做毒品交易。17.这个钱包

22、被清空了所有东西，只有一张电子账单。18.A与C同义必同错。19.他没有多少东西了，因为所剩无几的睡袋也被人偷了。20.loss与stole还有后文的lost属于同义替换。21.根据账单中的地址，M找到了失主，这与后面的theother side of the city同义替换。22.有人要买这个钱包，但是他委婉拒绝了。23.最后，终于到达了目的地。24.再一次，S提出要买这个钱包。25.在S的一再敦促下，M分享了他背后的故事。26.一次交通事故，使得M染上了毒品。27. S被这个吸毒者的诚实感到惊讶。28. S提出要帮助M，但是M警告S，他吸毒。29. S给了M她自己的睡袋。30. S把M送

23、回了家，以为他们不会再有联系。31. S知道M解毒是真心的。32. S自己掏腰包，帮助M买了一张飞机票。33.在电话里我听得出他的改变，与后面的went from呼应。34.之前M对生活绝望的声音，因为他连绝无仅有的睡袋都被人偷了，生无所恋导致绝望。但所幸的是，保留了最后的诚实。35.固定搭配，生活回到了正规。答案：16-20 ACBAA 21-25 DBCDA 26-30 BCDBA 31-35 CBCDD第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACosta Rica NaturalParadise

24、 9-Day Tour $1295Volcanoes, Beaches &Rainforests - w/All Hotels, Meals &Activities36. During the 9-daytour, tourists will have a chance to _.A. spend time in volcanic hotspringsB. hike in the desertC. feed crocodiles and birdsD.camp in a national park解析：根据day4：enjoy a relaxing soak in volcanic hot s

25、prings提示，enjoy同义替换spend time，故选A。根据day 8：hike through the rainforest提示，B错；根据day 7：enjoy birdwatching & crocodile spotting提示，C错；根据day7：continue to your Manuel Antonio hotel located atNational Park提示，D错。答案：A37. Which promotionstrategy does the tour agency employ?A. Revealing othersshortcomings.B. Redu

26、cing itsoriginal price.C. Presenting touristscomments.D. Giving away free activities.解析：根据方框右下角中他人的评论提示，故选C。ABD原文中根本没有提到。答案：CBHumanity has begun wrestling with the dangers of globalthreats such as climate change. But fewauthorities are planning for catastrophic solar storms-huge eruptions of massand

27、 energy from the sun that destroy Earths magnetic field. In a recent paper,two Harvard University scientists estimate the potential economic damage fromsuch an event will increase in the future and could equal the current U.S.GDP-about $20 trillion-150years from now.This kind of storm hashappened be

28、fore. The so-called Carrington Event in 1859, the most intensemagnetic storm ever recorded on Earth, caused auroras（极光）in the atmosphere and even delivered electric shocks totelegraph operators. But a Carrington-scale storm today would cause far moreharm because society now depends so heavily on ele

29、ctrical power grids,communications satellites and GPS.In an effort to quantify thatthreat, astrophysicists Abraham Loeb and Manasvi Lingam of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics developed a mathematical model that assumessocietys vulnerability（脆弱性）to solar stormswill grow with technologi

30、cal advances. Under this model, during the next 50years the potential for economic damage will depend primarily on the rising odds of astrong solar storm over time. Beyond 50 years our vulnerability will increasedramatically with technological progress until the latter levels off.Some scientists que

31、stion themodelspredictions. “Estimating the economic impact is challenging now, let alone inover a century,” says Edward Oughton, a research associate at the University ofCambridges Center for Risk Studies. Yet he warns that uncertainty should notstop us from practical preparations, such as making p

32、ower grids stronger andimproving early-warning systems.Loeb and Lingam think up amuch wider strategy: a $100-billion magnetic deflector shield（导流板）, positioned between Earth and the sun. This ideaseems “pretty preposterous,” however, given that solar particles arrive atEarth from all directions, say

33、s Daniel Baker, director of the Laboratory forAtmospheric and Space Physics at the University of Colorado Boulder.A better understanding of “space weather” -the changing condition in Earths outer space environment,including solar radiation and particles-could help find the best strategies forconfron

34、ting a dangerous solar storm, says Stracey Worman, a senior analyst atconsulting firm Abt Associates. “This is a challenging but important question,” Worman says, “that we need more eyes on.”38. According toEdward Oughton, which of the following about solar storms is right?A. They will become much s

35、tronger in 150 years.B. Technology makes their potential damage grow.C. Its difficult to predict their possible economicdamage.D. Space weather forecast can effectively help dealwith them.解析：根据题目Edward Oughton提示，找到第4段第1、2行：estimating the economic impact is challenging now，challenging 同义替换为difficult，

36、estimate同义替换为predict，故选C。答案：C39.The underlined word “preposterous” in Paragraph 5 means _.A. unreasonableB. practicalC.innovativeD.inflexible解析：根据第5段第1行提示：wilder strategy，wilder说明了感情趋向，再来看这个idea：$100-billionmagnetic deflector shield, positioned between Earth and the sun，非常的狂野，几乎不可能，所以只能选A，unreasonab

37、le“不切实际的”。答案：A40. The author writes the passage mainly to _.A. report the damage of solar stormsB. remind people to guard against solar stormsC. introduce the characteristics of solar stormsD. analyze the possible cause of solar storms解析：通读全文可知作者的情感取向，ACD的确是文章的内容的一部分，但题目问的是作者写作目的，根据最后一段第二行：help find

38、 the best strategies for confronting a dangerous solarstorm，最后一句：this is achallenging but important question that we need more eyes on说明作者在提醒大家阻止solar storm，故选B答案：BCThere are plenty of goodreasons for a young person to choose to go to university: intellectual growth,career opportunities, having fun.

39、 Around half of school-leavers in the richworld now do so, and the share is rising in poorer countries, too.Governments are keen on highereducation, seeing it as a means to increase social mobility and economicgrowth. But they tend to overestimate the benefits and ignore the costs ofexpanding univer

40、sity education. Often, public money just feeds the arms race forqualifications.As more young people seekdegrees, the returns both to them and to governments are lower. Employersdemand degrees for jobs that never required them in the past and havenot become more demanding since. In a desperate attemp

41、t to stand out, studentsare studying even longer, and delaying work, to obtain masters degrees.Spending on universities isusually justified by the “graduate premium” the increase in earnings thatgraduates enjoy over non-graduates. These individual gains, the thinking goes,add up to an economic incre

42、ase for society as a whole. But the graduate premiumis a flawed unit of calculating. Part of the usefulness of a degree is that itgives a graduate jobseeker an advantage at the expense of non-graduates. It isalso a signal to employers of general qualities, such as intelligence anddiligence, that som

43、eone already has in order to get intoa university. Some professions require qualifications. But a degree is notalways the best measure of the skills and knowledge needed for a job. Withdegrees so common, recruiters are using them as a simple way to evaluateapplicants. Non-graduates are thus increasi

44、ngly locked out of nice work.In any case, the premiumcounts only the winners and not the losers. Across the rich world, a third ofuniversity students never graduate. It is the weakest students who are drawn inas higher education expands and who are most likely to drop out. They pay feesand sacrifice

45、 earnings to study, but see little increase in their futureincomes. When dropouts are included, the expected financial return to startinga degree for the weakest students shrinks to almost nothing. Manyschool-leavers are being misled about the probable value of university.Governments need to offer t

46、heyoung a wider range of options after school. They should start by rethinkingtheir own hiring practices. Most insist on degrees for public-sector jobs thatused to be done by non-graduates, including nursing, primary-school teachingand many civil-service posts. Instead they should seek other ways fo

47、rnon-graduates to prove they have the right skills and to get more on-the-jobtraining.School-leavers should be givena wider variety of ways to gain job skills and to demonstrate their employability inthe private sector. If school qualifications were made more strict, employerswould be more likely to

48、 trustthem as signals of ability, and less insistent on degrees. Universities shouldgrant credits to dropouts for the parts of courses they havecompleted. They could also open their exams to anyone who wants to take them,and award degrees to those who succeed.Such measures would be moreefficient at

49、developing the skills that increase productivity and should savepublic money. To promote social mobility, governments would do better to directfunds to early-school education and to helping students who would benefit fromuniversity but cannot afford it. Young people, both rich and poor, areill-serve

50、d by the arms race in academic qualifications, in which each must study longer because thatis what all the rest are doing. It is time to disarm.41. How does the author consider higher education?A. Its a good way to raise students5social status.B. It definitely benefits the development of economy.C.

51、It will amply reward individuals and governments.D. Its a waste of money for some students andtaxpayers.解析：文中第二段提及“Often, public money just feeds the arms race for qualification”在文末重提“Such measures would be more efficient at developing the skills thatincrease productivity and should save public mone

52、y”所以作者认为对于一些学生和纳税人而言，高等教育是在浪费金钱，所以答案选择D。答案：D42. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Degrees.B. Returns.C. Employers.D. Jobs解析：Them所在的当句为“Employersdemand degrees for jobs that never required them in the past and have notbecome more demanding since,”所以文中指的是老板过去曾经不需要学历。这里的th

53、em指代degrees。答案：A43. What is the authors preferred solution to the issue?A. To decrease university drop-out rates.B. To improve the teaching qualities of universities.C. To open more public-sector jobs to non-graduates.D. To provide school-leavers with proper job training.解析：作者在文中提出了“Instead they sho

54、uld seek other ways for non-graduates to prove theyhave the right skills and to get more on the job training.”所以作者提出了要让辍学者得到合适的工作培训。所以D选项正确。A选项没有提及，文中只提出了让大学资格的获得更严格。B选项也没有提及。C选项文中说的是private sector而并非publicsector。答案：D44. What is the best title for the passage?A. Measures to boost social mobilityB. T

55、ime to end the academic arms raceC. Difficulty in solving unemploymentD. Necessity of changing hiring practices解析：A选项过于片面，提高社会流动性只是政府支持大学教育的理由之一，并非全文核心。C选项偏离主题，文中探讨的是辍学者和大学教育的问题，并不是谈失业。D选项同理，偏题主题。排除法得B选项最佳。B选项包含了文中的内容。答案：BDRecently, I was made keenlyaware of the different Englishes I do use. I was g

56、iving a talk to many people,the same talk I had already given to half a dozen other groups. The nature ofthe talk was about my writing, my life, and my book, The Joy Luck Club.The talk was going along well enough until I remembered one major differencethat made the whole talk sound wrong. My mother was in the room. And it wasperhaps the first time she had heard me give a lengthy speech, using the kindof English I have never used with her. I was saying things like, “theintersection of memory upon imagination”a speech filled with all the