图形阵列(矩形和环形)

1、计算机图形学课程设计报告课 题 图形的阵列（矩形和环形） 专 业 地理信息系统 班级学号 24，25，26，29 姓 名 童萌，姚大壮，尹程，周超伟指导教师 许耀东 学 期 2014-2015第一学期 南京工业大学测绘学院图形阵列（矩形和环形） 一：设计思路阵列特征即将单个特征、特征组或阵列特征按照某种规则排列，生成大量形状相同或相近的特征。常用于快速、准确地创建数量较多、排列规则且形状相同或相近的一组结构。注意：阵列只能对单个特征进行阵列，要想对多个特征进行阵列，须将多个特征编为一个组进行阵列。我们可以创建对象的环形阵列或矩形阵列。对象阵列不是使用一组专门的函数创建的，而是通过复制对象然后使

2、用变换矩阵旋转和移动对象复本等组合动作创建的。下面简述一下每种阵列类型的基本逻辑：环形阵列 ：复制要阵列的对象并围绕基点按角度移动对象。对象到阵列基点的距离用来计算所创建的每个复本的位置。移动复本对象之后，就可以基于基点的角度旋转对象。每创建一个复本，就需将其追加到块表记录去。矩形阵列 复制对象到基于所需行数和列数的阵列。复本对象间的距离基于给定的行列间距。首先复制一定数量的原件创建第一行或列，然后基于第一行或列创建其他的行或列。每创建一个复本，就需将其追加到块表记录去。二：代码实现（我们使用C#创建的代码）1. 环形阵列：本例创建一个圆，然后实现该圆的环形阵列，创建4个圆

3、绕点(4, 4, 0) 围成180度using Autodesk.AutoCAD.Runtime;using Autodesk.AutoCAD.ApplicationServices;using Autodesk.AutoCAD.DatabaseServices;using Autodesk.AutoCAD.Geometry; static Point2d PolarPoints(Point2d pPt, double dAng, double dDist)  return new Point2d(pPt.X + dDist * Math.Cos(dAng), &

4、#160;                   pPt.Y + dDist * Math.Sin(dAng); CommandMethod("PolarArrayObject")public static void PolarArrayObject()  / Get the current document and database获取当前文档和数据库  Docume

5、nt acDoc = Application.DocumentManager.MdiActiveDocument;  Database acCurDb = acDoc.Database;   / Start a transaction启动事务  using (Transaction acTrans = acCurDb.TransactionManager.StartTransaction()        /以读打开Block表      Blo

6、ckTable acBlkTbl;      acBlkTbl = acTrans.GetObject(acCurDb.BlockTableId,                                 

7、0; OpenMode.ForRead) as BlockTable;            / 以写打开块表记录ModelSpace      BlockTableRecord acBlkTblRec;      acBlkTblRec = acTrans.GetObject(acBlkTblBlockTableRecord.ModelSpace,   &

8、#160;                                  OpenMode.ForWrite) as BlockTableRecord;         

9、60;  / 创建圆，圆心2,2半径1      Circle acCirc = new Circle();      acCirc.Center = new Point3d(2, 2, 0);      acCirc.Radius = 1;           / 添加新对象到块表记录和事务    

10、0; acBlkTblRec.AppendEntity(acCirc);      acTrans.AddNewlyCreatedDBObject(acCirc, true);        /创建4个对象的180度环形阵列      int nCount = 1;       /定义60度弧度值      doubl

11、e dAng = 1.0472;       / 定义阵列基点      Point2d acPt2dArrayBase = new Point2d(4, 4);       while (nCount < 4)                Entity acEntClone =

12、acCirc.Clone() as Entity;           Extents3d acExts;          Point2d acPtObjBase;                   /典型情况，使用对象范围的

13、左上角作为要阵列对象上的点，除非          /要阵列对象是类似圆这样的对象（使用圆心）;          Circle acCircArrObj = acEntClone as Circle;           if (acCircArrObj != null)/是圆   &#

14、160;                    acPtObjBase = new Point2d(acCircArrObj.Center.X,                       

15、                 acCircArrObj.Center.Y);                    Else/不是圆           &

16、#160;            acExts = acEntClone.Bounds.GetValueOrDefault();              acPtObjBase = new Point2d(acExts.MinPoint.X,         

17、0;                              acExts.MaxPoint.Y);                  &

18、#160;  double dDist = acPt2dArrayBase.GetDistanceTo(acPtObjBase);          double dAngFromX = acPt2dArrayBase.GetVectorTo(acPtObjBase).Angle;           Point2d acPt2dTo = PolarPoints(acPt2dArrayBase,&

19、#160;                                        (nCount * dAng) + dAngFromX,     &#

20、160;                                   dDist);           Vector2d acVec2d = acPt

21、ObjBase.GetVectorTo(acPt2dTo);          Vector3d acVec3d = new Vector3d(acVec2d.X, acVec2d.Y, 0);          acEntClone.TransformBy(Matrix3d.Displacement(acVec3d);        &

22、#160;            / 下列代码演示怎样旋转每个对象，就像Array命令所做的那样;          acExts = acEntClone.Bounds.GetValueOrDefault();          acPtObjBase = new Point2d(acExts.MinPoint.X,

23、                                    acExts.MaxPoint.Y);           

24、0;        / 围绕左上范围点旋转对象          Matrix3d curUCSMatrix = acDoc.Editor.CurrentUserCoordinateSystem;          CoordinateSystem3d curUCS = curUCSMatrix.CoordinateSystem3d; &

25、#160;        acEntClone.TransformBy(Matrix3d.Rotation(nCount * dAng,                                 

26、;                  curUCS.Zaxis,                              

27、60;                    new Point3d(acPtObjBase.X,                          

28、                                     acPtObjBase.Y, 0);          */ &#

29、160;/ 添加新对象到块表记录和事务          acBlkTblRec.AppendEntity(acEntClone);          acTrans.AddNewlyCreatedDBObject(acEntClone, true);           nCount = nCount + 1;

30、60;            /保存新对象到数据库      acTrans.Commit();  2：本例创建一个圆并实现该圆的五行五列矩形阵列。using Autodesk.AutoCAD.Runtime;using Autodesk.AutoCAD.ApplicationServices;using Autodesk.AutoCAD.DatabaseServices;using Autodesk.AutoCAD.Geometry;

31、 static Point2d PolarPoints(Point2d pPt, double dAng, double dDist)  return new Point2d(pPt.X + dDist * Math.Cos(dAng),                     pPt.Y + dDist * Math.Sin(dAng); CommandMethod

32、("RectangularArrayObject")public static void RectangularArrayObject()  /获取当前文档和数据库  Document acDoc = Application.DocumentManager.MdiActiveDocument;  Database acCurDb = acDoc.Database;   /启动事务  using (Transaction acTrans = acCurDb.TransactionManager.StartTransa

33、ction()        /以读打开块表      BlockTable acBlkTbl;      acBlkTbl = acTrans.GetObject(acCurDb.BlockTableId,                   &#

34、160;               OpenMode.ForRead) as BlockTable;            / 以写打开块表记录ModelSpace      BlockTableRecord acBlkTblRec;      a

35、cBlkTblRec = acTrans.GetObject(acBlkTblBlockTableRecord.ModelSpace,                                      OpenMode.F

36、orWrite) as BlockTableRecord;       / Create a circle that is at 200,200 with a radius of 60      Circle acCirc = new Circle();      acCirc.Center = new Point3d(200, 200, 0);      acCirc.Radius =

37、 60;       / Add the new object to the block table record and the transaction      acBlkTblRec.AppendEntity(acCirc)      acTrans.AddNewlyCreatedDBObject(acCirc, true);       / 创建5行5列的矩形阵列

38、60;     int nRows = 5;      int nColumns = 5;             / 设置行列间距及阵列基角      double dRowOffset = 200;      double dColumnOffset = 300;  

39、0;   double dArrayAng = 0       / 获取到当前UCS坐标系X轴的角度      Matrix3d curUCSMatrix = acDoc.Editor.CurrentUserCoordinateSystem;      CoordinateSystem3d curUCS = curUCSMatrix.CoordinateSystem3d;    

40、;  Vector2d acVec2dAng = new Vector2d(curUCS.Xaxis.X,                                         c

41、urUCS.Xaxis.Y);            / 如果UCS坐标系旋转了，相应地调整阵列的角度      dArrayAng = dArrayAng + acVec2dAng.Angle;       Extents3d acExts = acCirc.Bounds.GetValueOrDefault();      P

42、oint2d acPt2dArrayBase = new Point2d(acExts.MinPoint.X,                                         

43、;   acExts.MaxPoint.Y);          / 跟踪为每列创建的对象      DBObjectCollection acDBObjCollCols = new DBObjectCollection();      acDBObjCollCols.Add(acCirc);        

44、   创建第一行的对象（个数等于列数）      int nColumnsCount = 1;      while (nColumns > nColumnsCount)                Entity acEntClone = acCirc.Clone() as Entity;   

45、60;      acDBObjCollCols.Add(acEntClone);                   / 计算新位置          Point2d acPt2dTo = PolarPoints(acPt2dArrayBase,  

46、0;                                      dArrayAng,           

47、;                              dColumnOffset * nColumnsCount);           Vector2d acVec2d = acPt2dArrayBa

48、se.GetVectorTo(acPt2dTo);          Vector3d acVec3d = new Vector3d(acVec2d.X, acVec2d.Y, 0);          acEntClone.TransformBy(Matrix3d.Displacement(acVec3d);         

49、  acBlkTblRec.AppendEntity(acEntClone);          acTrans.AddNewlyCreatedDBObject(acEntClone, true);           nColumnsCount = nColumnsCount + 1;          &

50、#160;  / Set a value in radians for 90 degrees      double dAng = Math.PI / 2;       / 跟踪为每列创建的对象      DBObjectCollection acDBObjCollLvls = new DBObjectCollection();       foreach (DBOb

51、ject acObj in acDBObjCollCols)                acDBObjCollLvls.Add(acObj);            /创建其余各行      foreach (Entity acEnt in acDBObjCollCols)  

52、0;             int nRowsCount = 1;           while (nRows > nRowsCount)                     

53、   Entity acEntClone = acEnt.Clone() as Entity;              acDBObjCollLvls.Add(acEntClone);              / 计算新位置       

54、0;        Point2d acPt2dTo = PolarPoints(acPt2dArrayBase,                                  

55、0;          dArrayAng + dAng,                                     

56、0;       dRowOffset * nRowsCount);               Vector2d acVec2d = acPt2dArrayBase.GetVectorTo(acPt2dTo);              Vector3d acVec3

57、d = new Vector3d(acVec2d.X, acVec2d.Y, 0);              acEntClone.TransformBy(Matrix3d.Displacement(acVec3d);               acBlkTblRec.AppendEntity(acEntClone);

58、60;             acTrans.AddNewlyCreatedDBObject(acEntClone, true);               nRowsCount = nRowsCount + 1;           

59、           /保存到数据库      acTrans.Commit();  PS:遇到的问题 因为Autodesk.Autocad.Imon.dll缺失，导致无法运行。三：阵列在CAD中具体实现：阵列是AutoCAD复制的一种形式，在进行有规律的多重复制时，阵列往往比单纯的复制更有优势。在AUTOCAD中，阵列分为最基本的两种：矩形阵列和环形阵列。矩形阵列-进行按多行和多列的复制，并能控制行和列的数目以及行/列的间距。环形阵列-即指定指定环形的中心，用来确定此环形(就是一个圆)的半径。围绕此