2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案(二十)

1、2020 年高考英语模拟试题及答案（二十）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、 C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACamp Ballibay for Fine & Performing ArtsCamp Ballibay is a summer arts camp that offers engaging programs in theater, art, dance, rock, and media for young artists at all levels.Three hours

2、 from New York City, on a beautiful Pennsylvania mountaintop, is the summer camp for creative, independent-minded kids.With never more than 160 kids, and always at least 40 adults, it s an ideal community for fun and learning: warm, diverse? and accepting.80% of the kids come for more than one summe

3、r, and 25% of the camp community has been coming for more than 5 years.We offer 3 & 4 week general programs, where teens design their own programdays, choosing from any and all of our activities. We also have 2 & 3 week programswith a visual arts focus, 2 week rock music camps, and 2 week in

4、tensive dance programs.Q & AWhat type of teen attends your program?We provide a warm and safe space for a lot of special kids whodon t necessarilyhave an easy time finding their “ group ” ,b ecause they are young artists, different thinkers, free spirits, super-shy, etc. When the right kids come

5、 to Ballibay, they knowthey are amongtheir people, often within minutes of arriving ocanmpus.What is special about your program?Ballibay is a unique environment for personal and artistic growth. We believestrongly in non-competition. There are no contests, no awards, no pressure to do orto be anythi

6、ng or anyone in particular. We attract the artist, and the different thinker.1. How many of the teens have come to Camp Ballibay before?A. Half of them.B. Most of them.C. 75% of them.D. A quarter of them.2. What can the teens who attend general programs do?A. They can choose either visual arts or da

7、nce programs.B. They can stay for two weeks learning everything.C. They can decide for themselves what they want.D. They can design anything based on their interests.3. According to Q&A, which of the following best describes CampBallibay?A. A friendly atmosphere with no pressure.B. An attractive

8、 place with many challenges.C. A competitive environment for artistic growth.D. A unique summer camp for exploration of arts.文章大意：这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了巴利拜营地，它的特点以及课程。这是一个欢迎任何能力阶段的孩子的夏令营，并且提供可以供孩子们自主选择的课程。1.B 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 四 段 中 80 of the kids come for more than onesummer（80% 的孩子不止一个夏天来这里）可知，大多数孩子之前都

9、来过巴利拜营地。故选B2. C 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中we offer3 4 week general programs,where teensdesign their own program days,choosing from any and all of ouractivities（我们提供3周和 4 周的普通课程，青少年可以在其中设计自己的课程日，从我们的任何和所有活动中进行选择 ）可知，他们可以选择自己想要的课程。故选C。3. A 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中We provide a warm and safe space for a lot ofspecial kids

10、（ 我们为许多特殊的孩子提供了一个温暖安全的空间）以及文章最后一段中Ballibay is a unique environment for personal and artistic growth. We believe strongly in non-competition. There are no contests, no awards, no pressure to do orto be anything or anyone in particular （ Ballibay 是一个独特的个人和艺术成长的环境。我们坚信不竞争。没有竞赛，没有奖励，没有压力去做或成为任何特别的人或事）由此

11、判断出，CampBallibay 没有压力，且氛围友好。故选A。BHe really did look like a tourist,with a camera around his neck and a bottle ofsunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on the terrace（ 平 台 ） ，sipping lemonade and pretendingto look at a tourism brochure. His sunglassesmasked his eyes, but I knew he w

12、asn't looking at the brochure: he hadn't turned a page for the last ten minutes. As I brought him his dishes, he coughed up a "thankyou" and looked at me briefly. I tried not to stare at the tiny scar across his left eyebrow.I walked back inside with my empty tray, shaking my head.

13、 He looked familiar, butI couldn't quite place him. Then it hit me. The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just before it exploded. I rushed back to his table. He was gone.you. The night oI moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card： I am deeply

14、 grateful toyour car accident, I was on my way to rob a jewelry store. Saving your life brought things back in a right way. I now live an honest life, thanks to you.God bless you! Mr. D.I shivered （震颤）.The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in anillegal dance club. Seeing human

15、 kindness through his heroic gesture turned my lifearound and brought faith back into my life. I unfolded the tip he left. Among the singles was a grand （千块）with a pen mark underlining “ In God We Trust. ”Isaida silent prayer for him and got back to work, smiling.4. Why did the fat man look like a t

16、ourist?A. Because he used money not the same as the locals.B. Because he carried what tourists usually have on.C. Because he doesn't look like a native citizen.D. Because he ordered strange food and drinks.5. How did the writer knew the man didn't read the brochure?A. He was drinking all the

17、 time.B. He sat still with his sunglasses.C. The page remained unturned.D. He was staring at the writer.6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. They kept in touch with each other since then.B. The writer had been searching for the man.C. The man became a rich man years later.D. The writer di

18、dn't go to that interview.7. What is their attitude towards each other?B. Grateful.A. Sympathetic.C. Worried.D. Trusty.文章大意：本文为记叙文。一个要去抢劫的陌生人在车祸中救了作者的命，改变了双方的生活，让这个要抢劫的人恢复正常的生活，让作者看到了人性的善良，重拾生活的信心。后来两人在作者工作的地方重遇，他给作者留下小费和卡片来感谢作者，作者也为他祈祷。1 .B 细节理解题。根据第一段“reallyH edid look like a tourist, with a c

19、amera around hisneck and a bottle of sunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on theterrace （平台） ， sipping lemonade and pretending to look at a tourism brochure. ” 他看起来真的像个游客，脖子上挂着相机，包里还带着一瓶防晒霜。胖子坐在露台上，喝着柠檬水，假装在看旅游手册。由此可知，胖子带着旅客常带的东西，故选B。5 .C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“he hadn't turned a page

20、 for the last ten minutes . ” 他已经十分钟没有翻页了。可知他是假装在看宣传册。故选C。6 .D 推理判断题。根据第二段“The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped meout of my crashed car, just before it exploded . ”可知， 那个神秘的陌生人在我的车爆炸前帮我从撞坏的车中出来。最后一段“night oTf hmey car accident, I was heading for aninterview in an illegal dance club ”

21、 车祸发生的那天晚上，我正要去一家非法舞蹈俱乐部参加面试。由此可推断出作者去面试前发生车祸而没有去面试。故选D。7 .B 推理判断题。第三段“I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card ： I amdeeply grateful to you. T. thanks to you. God bless you! Mr. D . ”可知，我移了他的盘子，发现了他给的小费，还有一张卡片：“我非常感激你。愿上帝保佑你！ D 先生”。第四段“Thenight of my car accident, I was heading for a

22、n interview in an illegal dance club.Seeing human kindness through his heroic gesture turned my life around andbrought faith back into my life. I said a silent prayer for him and got back to work,smiling .车祸当晚，我正前往一家非法舞蹈俱乐部接受面试。他的英雄行为让我看到了人性的善良，使我的生活发生了变化，并使我对生活重挫拾信心。.我默默地为他祈祷，由此可知，.这个人救了作者的命并让其对生活重

23、拾信心，作者为此感谢他。由此可推断出他们想互感激。故选B。CAfrican penguins (Spheniscus demersus) bear the unfortunate nickname“ jackasspenguins ” because they communicate through honking, donkey-like sounds. Laugh at them if you like, but a new study suggests that their jackass language act actually follows the same basic rule

24、s as ours.In the study published in the journal Biology Letters, researchers recorded nearly 600 vocalizations ( 发 声 ) from 28 adult male penguins living in Italian zoos. (Males tend to vocalize a lot during the mating period, which is why the researchers turned to this population.) The scientists k

25、new from previous research that African penguins bonk using three distinct types of sound, similar to human syllables (音 节 ), whengreeting one another, mating, or defending territory. But the researchers wanted to know w hether those “ syllables ” followed two common linguistic () rules. 语言学的One of

26、those rules, called Zipf s law in short, was proposed in 1945 by the linguistGeorge Zipf. The law states that the more frequently a word is used in any language, the shorter it t ends to be (think of words like“ the, ”“ to ” and “ of ” in EPrevious studies have analyzed more than 1,000 world languag

27、es for evidence of Zipf s 1aw and the rule holds up in all of them.The other rule, known as the Menzerath-Altmann law, says that the longer a word or phrase is, the shorter its component syllables are, while shorter words are morelikely to have longer syllables. The wordonomatopoeia , ” for example,

28、 is made of sixvery short syllables, while “ couch ” is made of one longer one. Previous studies have shown that nonhuman primates （ 灵长类动物） follow both these rules when theycommunicate with each other but what about jackasspenguins?The researchers in the new study found that, yes, the songs of the m

29、ale jackass penguin conform to both Zipf as nd Menzerath- Altmann s laws. The shortest calls tended to be the most common, and the longest phrases were made up of the shortest syllables. This jackass study provided the first nonprimate evidence that these common linguistic patterns extend into the a

30、nimal kingdom, the authors wrote, and that s nothing to hem and haw at.8. Why did the researchers choose adult male jackass penguins?A. They can vocalize different kinds of sounds.B. They are more accessible than other penguins.C. They communicate with each other through honking.D. They make sounds

31、frequently during the mating period.9. What does the author try to express by mentioning the wordsand“ the“ of ” inEnglish?A. George Zipf s idea riesasonable.B. These words are extremely simple.C. Previous studies ate very meaningful.means?D. English is quite similar to other languages.A. Egg and fo

32、od.10. Which of the following fully explains what the Menzerath-Altmann lawB. Contradictory and shout.C. Learn and earn.D. Discrimination and prescription.11. What conclusion has the new study made?A. Many languages follow the same linguistic rules.B. How Jackass penguins communicate wi1h each other

33、.C. Jackass penguins obey linguistic rules similar to those of humans.D. ZipF s law and Menzerath Alumann law are commonly applied rules.文章大意：本文是说明文。文章讲述了非洲企鹅遵守与人类相似的语言规则。8 .D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Males tend to vocalize a lot during the mating period,which is why the researchers turned to this population.（雄

34、性在交配期间往往会发出很多声音，这就是为什么研究人员转向这个种群）可知，在交配期间，雄性经常会发出声音，这就是研究人员选择成年雄性企鹅的原因。故选D 。9 .A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的The law states that the more frequently a word is usedin any language, the shorter it tends to be （think of words like“ the, ”“toan” d “ of ”in English）. Previous studies have analyzed more than 1,000 world

35、 languages forevidence of Zipf s law and the rule holds up in all of them. 可知，定律表明，一个词在任何语言中使用的频率越高，它的长度就越短（比如英语中的“the ” 、 “ to”和“ of ”） 。之前的研究分析了超过1000 种世界语言，以寻找齐普夫定律的证据，而这一定律在所有语言中都成立。由此可知，作者提及英语中的“the ” ， “to”和“ of”的目的是要表达 George Zipf 的想法是合理的。故选A。10 .B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The other rule, known as the Me

36、nzerath-Altmann law,says that the longer a word or phrase is, the shorter its component syllables are, whileshorter words are more likely to have longer syllables. The word “ onomatopoeia, ” for 可知， Menzerath-Altmann 定律的内容是：一个单词或短语越长，组成它的每一个音节越短，example, is made of six very short syllables,while “ c

37、ouch i”s made of one longer one.而较短的词更可能拥有较长的音节。例如，“拟声词”一词由六个非常短的音节组成，而“沙发”由一个较长的音节组成。结合选项可知，contradictory 和 shout 这两个词能够解释该定律。故选B。11. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Laugh at them if you like, but a new study suggeststhat their jackass language act actually follows the same basic rules as ours.可知，你可以嘲笑它们，但一项新的研究表明，

38、它们愚蠢的语言行为实际上遵循着与我们相同的基本规则。由此可知，一项新的研究表明，非洲企鹅遵循与人类相似的语言规则。故选C。DFor two centuries, the famous University of Cambridge debating society has hosted many outstanding figures, from world leaders to scientists to comedians.On Nov 21, 2019, the Cambridge Union hosted its first-ever non-humanguest.Designed b

39、y IBM, Project Debater is a machine that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) toform a spoken argument. It can even listen to and answer opposing statements, much like a real person.Speaking with a voice similar to Siri, Project Debater uses AI to search journals, newspapers and other information sourc

40、es. It then filters out useless information, picks the strongest arguments, and arranges them into a persuasive argument.In the Cambridge test debate, it argued the topic: AI will do more harm than goodin the long term. According to IBM, it is the first machine that can debate complicated topics wit

41、h humans.Before the debate, more than 1,100 arguments for the positives and negatives ofAI were submitted to the IBM website. The machine then analyzed these sourcesand formed the basis of its argumentsin minutes.Project Debater then showed offits AI by arguing for both sides of the debate.Over a fo

42、ur-minute speech, it argued first that, “ AI can only make decisions that it has been programmed to solve, while humans can be programmed for all situations. ”In support of AI, it then argued that AI would create new jobs and“more efficie ncy ” to the workplace.According to New Scientist, on both oc

43、casions, Project Debater repeated points and didn t always sufficiently support them.Speaking to Cambridge Independent, Noam Slonim, the project s lead engisaid, “ The AI is not perfect, but it s going in the right direction.12. What can we learn about the University of Cambridge debating society?A.

44、 It has hosted many debating parties for centuries.B. It designed Project Debater with IBM.C. It has invited many famous hosts to join it.D. It has never hosted a non-human guest before.13. What do we know about Project Debater?A. In the Cambridge test debate, it argued for both sides.B. AI helps it

45、 to find the useful information sources.C. Before the debate the arguments were submitted toit.D. It would create many new jobs in the future.14. What s the probable purpose of debate?A. To find out how AI works.B. To create a debating machine.C. To do an experiment about AI.D. To prove AI is better

46、 than humans.15. How does Noam Slonim feel about AI?A. Worried.B. Hopeful.C. Doubtful. D. Nervous.文章大意：本文是新闻报道。由IBM 设计的机器人Project Debater 使用人工智能进行辩论。在测试辩论赛中，该机器人就辩题“人工智能是否最终弊大于利”代表正方两方进行辩论。该项目的首席工程师Noam Slonim 表示“人工智能并不完美，但它的方向是正确的。”12 .D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nov On2 1, 2019, the Cambridge Union host ed its

47、first-ever non- human guest. ”可知，剑桥辩论学会迎来了首位非人类嘉宾，也就是说剑桥辩论学会第一次用机器人进行辩论。所以剑桥大学辩论协会从来没有接待过非人类的客人。故选 D 项。13 .A 细节理解题。根据第四段Project Debater then showed off its AI by arguing forboth sides of the debate. 可知，在辩论测试赛中，机器人为正反两方进行辩论。故选A项。14 .C 推理判断题。在剑桥测试辩论赛上，机器人Project Debater 使用人工智能进行辩论，并且还陈述正方两方的观点。该项目的首席工

48、程师Noam Slonim 评论说“人工智能并不完美，但它的方向是正确的。”因此可以推断，这次测试辩论赛的目的是就人工智能进行辩论而进行的一次实验。故选C 项。15 .B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Noam Slonim 所说的话“The AI is not perfect, but its going in the right direction ” ， Noam Slonim 认为虽然人工智能并不完美，但对它进行研究的方向是正确的。因此可以推断，Noam Slonim 认为对人工智能的研究是充满希望的。故选B项。第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选

49、项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。For many, holiday celebrations mean large meals shared with family and friends, but such feasts can generate huge amounts of food waste, harming the environment and overusing natural resources unless mindful merrymakers take steps to control the amount. 16.Be mindful of

50、what you already haveTry keeping food in glass jars. Using this method, you can make all the food in your kitchen visible, easily remembered and consumed. 17. . Nothing gets lost in the back of a shelf.18.Stick to a planned holiday menu before heading to the grocery store. A clear idea of who will b

51、e gathered and exactly how much food to prepare will save a lot of tossing out later. Be mindfulnot just of how much to purchase, but the itemsthemselves.Use leftovers wiselyIt may be impossible to get everyone into the clean plate club. 19. Freeze and repurpose leftovers by using them as basic ingr

52、edients for other recipes or send extras home with guests.Keep track of the scraps （残羹）Along with turkey bones, use holiday scraps such as vegetables, meat and fish bones to make soup. For pet-safe dishes, allow your dog to clean plates before putting them in the dishwasher.Consider composting （堆肥）2

53、0. . These materials can be composted, which will keep them out of landfills, where they take up space and release methane, a potent greenhouse gas.A. Shop smartB. Plan a menuC. That doesn't mean leftover food has to go wasteD. Some of your family or guests may not like the foodE. Following are

54、some tips on reducing food waste duringholidaysF. Organize your dry food on one row and use refrigeratordrawersG. Food scraps and yard waste make up more than 28 percent of waste文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了减少节日期间食物浪费的几点建议。16 .E 空前说对许多人来说，节日庆祝意味着与家人和朋友共享大餐，但这样的盛宴可能会造成大量的食物浪费，下文又介绍了减少食物浪费的建议，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，既要对应上

55、文提到的食物浪费话题，又要引出下文介绍的几点建议，故E 项（以下是一些减少节日期间食物浪费的建议）符合语境。17 .F 空前说试着把食物放在玻璃罐里，使用这种方法，你可以使厨房里的所有食物都看得见，容易记住和食用，此处承接上文，讲的还是关于如何摆放食物的话题，故F 项（把你的干粮放在一排，还要使用冰箱的抽屉）符合语境。18 .A 根据本段内容，特别是根据第一句可知，在去杂货店之前，坚持按照计划的假日菜单（买东西） ，因此本段主要讲的是要聪明地购物，故A 项（聪明地购物）符合语境。19 .C 空后说把剩菜冷冻起来以后用作其他菜的基本原料，或者把多余的食物送回家，因此此处是说剩饭剩菜不一定非要浪费

56、掉，还可以再利用，故C 项（这并不意味着吃剩的食物要被 浪费掉）符合语境。20 .G 空后说这些材料可以堆肥，这将使它们远离垃圾填埋场，因此此处应该会提到垃圾，空后的 These materials 指代的就是G 项中的 Food scraps and yard waste ，故 G 项（食物残渣和院子里的垃圾占了垃圾总量的28% ）符合语境。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、 B、 C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。There are certain things

57、 you never imagine yourself saying. "I just got a worm（虫子） in my eye! ” is one of them. And yet I did say it-I screamed it,21.The family was all here and we were in the garden, when I saw a worm nearby. Iasked my six-year-old grandson to come over and 22 the worm. He 23the worm, studied it quickly and then threw it into the 24.The worm quickly fell back to earth, 25 on my face against my left eyelid（眼皮）. That s when the screaming started and the jumping up and down. You knowhow they say when you meet a s