国际经济学专业词汇考试复习(中英文对照)

1、国际经济学专业词汇考试复习国际经济学专业词汇考试复习( (中英文对照中英文对照) )国际经济学专业词汇（中英文对照）目录 1.绪论.2 2.比较优势原理.2 3.国际贸易标准理论.3 4.需求、供给、提供曲线与贸易条件.3 5.要素禀赋与赫克歇尔-俄林理论 .3 6.规模经济、不完全竞争与国际贸易.4 7.经济增长与国际贸第 1 页 共 17 页易.5 8.贸易壁垒:关税 .6 9.非关税贸易壁垒和新保护主义.7 10.经济一体化:关税同盟和自由贸易区 .8 11.国际贸易与经济发展.8 12.国际资流动与跨国公司.9 13.国际收支平衡表.9 14.外汇市场与汇率.10 15.第 2 页 共

2、 17 页汇率决定.11 16.汇率调节机制.1217.收入调节机制与自动调节.12 18.宏观经济调控.1319.价格与产出.14 20.浮动与固定汇率和宏观政策协调.14 21.国际货币体系.141.绪论 国际收支的调节:(adjustment in balance ofpayments) 反全球化运动:(antiglobalization movement) 国第 3 页 共 17 页际收支:(balance of payments) 外汇市场:(foreigne_change markrt) 全球化:(globalization) 贸易引力模型:(gravity model) 相互依存

3、:(interdependence) 国际金融:(international finance) 国际贸易政策:(internationaltrade policy) 国际贸易理论:(international trade theory)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics) 微观经济学:(microeconomics)开发经济宏观经济学:(open-economy macroeconomics) 2.比较优势原理 绝对优势:(absolute advantage) 贸易基础:(basis for trade) 完全专业化:(plete specialization)固定机会成本:(con

4、stant opportunity cost) 贸易所得:(gains from trade) 劳动价值论:(labor theory ofvalue) 自由放任:(laissez-faire) 比较优势原理:(law ofparative advantage) 重商主义:(mercantilism) 小国情况:(small-country case) 相对商品价格:(relative mandityprices) 生产可能性曲线:(production possibilityfrontier)贸易模式:(pattern of trade) 机会成本理论:(opportunity cost t

5、heory) 3.国际贸易标准理论 自给自足:(autarky) 社会无差异曲线:(munity indiffernnce curve)去工业化:(deindustrialization) 孤立均衡相对价格:(equilibrium-relative modity price in isolation) 贸第 4 页 共 17 页易均衡相对价格:(equilibrium-relative modity price withtrade) 交易所得:(gains from e_change) 专业化所得:(gains from specialization) 不完全专业化:(inpletespec

6、ialization) 机会成本递增:(increasing opportunitycosts) 边际替代率:(marginal rate of snbstitution,mrs)边际转化率:(marginal rate of transformation,mrt) 4.需求、供给、提供曲线与贸易条件 商品或易货贸易条件:(modity or barter terms of trade) 一般均衡模型:(general equilibrium model) 相互需求法则:(law ofreciprocal demand) 提供曲线:(offer curves) 相互需求曲线:(reciproc

7、al demand curves) 贸易条件:(terms of trade)贸易无差异曲线:(trade indifference curve) 5.要素禀赋与赫克歇尔- 俄林理论 资本密集型商品:(capital-intensivemodity) 资本/劳动比率:(capital-labor ratio)柯布-道格拉斯生产函数:(cobb-douglas porduction) 固定替代弹性生产函数:(constant elasticity ofsubstitution(ces) production) 规模报酬不变:(constantreturns to scale) 派生需求:(der

8、ived demand) 替代弹性:(elasticity of substitution) 尤拉定理:(eulerstheorem) 要素充裕度:(factor abundance) 要素密集度颠第 5 页 共 17 页倒:(factor-intensity reversal) 要素价格均等定理:(factor-price equalization(h-o-s)theorem) 要素禀赋理论:(factor-proporitions orfactor-endowment theory) 赫克歇尔-俄林定理:(hechscher-ohlin(h-o) theorem) 赫克歇尔-俄林理论:(h

9、echscher-ohlin(h-o) theory) 人力资本:(human capital) 进口替代品:(import substitutes) 投入产出表:(input-output table)国内要素流动:(internal factor mobility) 国际要素流动:(international factor mobility) 劳动资本比率:(labor-capital ratio) 劳动密集型商品:(labor-intensive modity) 里昂惕夫之谜:(leontief parado_)完全竞争:(perfect petition) 相对要素价格:(relati

10、ve-factor prices) 特定要素模型:(specific-factor model) 6.规模经济、不完全竞争与国际贸易 差别产品:(differertiated products) 动态外部经济:(dynamice_ternal economies) 环保标准:(environment standards)外部经济:(e_ternal economics) 流动性产业:(footloose industries) 一般均衡分析p :(generalequilibrium analysis) 规模报酬递增:(increasing returnsto scale) 幼稚产业观点:(i

11、nfant industry arguement) 国际规模经济:(international economics of scale) 产业内贸第 6 页 共 17 页易指数:(intra-industry trade inde_) 学习曲线:(learning curve) 市场定向型企业:(market-orientedindustries) 垄断竞争:(monopolistic petition) 非贸易商品与服务:(montraded goods and services) 离岸外包:(offshoring) 寡头垄断:(oligopoly) 外包:(outsourcing)局部均衡分

12、析p :(partical equilibrium analysis) 产品生命周期模型:(product cycle model) 资定向型企业:(resource-oriented industries) 技术差距模型:(technological gap model) 运输成本或物流成本:(transport or logistics costs) 7.经济增长与国际贸易反贸易的生产和消费:(antitrade production andconsumption) 平衡增长:(balanced growth) 资本节约型技术进步:(capital-saving technical pro

13、gress) 比较静态:(parative statics) 动态分析p :(dynamic analysis)不幸的增长:(immiserizy growth) 劣等品:(inferior goods)劳动节约型技术进步:(labor-saving technical progress)中性的生产和消费:(neutral production) 中性技术进步:(neutral technical progress) 正常品:(normal goods)产生贸易的生产和消费:(protrade production andconsumption) 雷布津斯基理论:(rybczynski the

14、orem) 贸易条件效应:(terms-of-trade effect) 福利效应:(wealth第 7 页 共 17 页effect) 8.贸易壁垒: 关税 从价关税:(ad valorem tariff)混合关税:(pound tariff) 消费者剩余:(consumer surplus)关税消费效应:(consumption effect of a tariff) 国内增加值:(domestic value added) 出口关税:(e_port tariff)进口关税:(import tariff) 梅茨勒悖论:(metzlerparado_) 名义关税:(nominal tarif

15、f) 最优关税:(optimum tariff) 关税生产效应:(production effect ofa tariff) 关税保护成本或称重负损失:(protection cost ordeadweight loss of a tariff) 禁止性关税:(prohibitivetariff) 有效保护率:(rate of effective protection) 租金或生产者剩余:(rent or producer surplus) 关税收入效应:(revenue effect of a tariff) 从量关税:(specifictariff) 斯托尔帕-塞缪尔森定理:(stolpe

16、r-samuelsontheorem) 关税贸易效应:(trade or mercial policies) 贸易或商业政策:(trade or mercial policies)9.非关税贸易壁垒和新保护主义 双边贸易:(bilateraltrade) 集中化的卡特尔:(centralized cartel) 反补贴税:(countervailing duties,cvss) 倾销:(dumping) 豁免条款:(escape clause) 进出口银行:(e_port-import bank)出口补贴:(e_port subsides) 外国销售公司:(foerignsales corpo

17、rations,fsc) 博弈理论:(game theory) 产业政第 8 页 共 17 页策:(industrial policy) 幼稚产业观点:(infront-industryarguement) 国际卡特尔:(international cartel) 最惠国原则:(most-favored-nation principle) 多边贸易谈判:(multilateral trade negotiations) 国家安全条款:(national security clause) 新保护主义:(newprotectionism) 非关税贸易壁垒:(nontariff tradebarri

18、ers,ntbs) 危险点条款:(peril-point provisions) 持续性倾销:(persistent dumping) 掠夺性倾销:(predatorydumping) 配额:(a) 科学关税:(scientific tariff) 偶然性倾销:(sporadic dumping) 战略性贸易政策:(strategictrade policy) 技术的、行政的和其他法规:(technical,administrative and other regulations) 触发价格机制:(trigger-price mechanism) 贸易调整援助:(trade adjustmen

19、t assistance,taa) 贸易保护授权:(trade promotion authority or fast track)自动出口限制:(voluntary e_port restraints,vers)10.经济一体化: 关税同盟和自由贸易区 双边协议:(bilateral agreements) 大量采购:(bulk purchasing)中央计划经济:(centrally planned economies) 共同市场:(mon market) 关税同盟:(customs union) 免税区或自由经济区:(duty-free zones or free economic zo

20、nes) 经济一第 9 页 共 17 页体化:(economic integration) 经济同盟:(economic union)自贸区:(free trade area) 特惠贸易协定:(preferentialtrade arrangements) 国家贸易公司:(state trading panies)关税工厂:(tariff factories) 次优理论:(theory of thesecond best) 贸易创造关税同盟:(trade-creation customunion) 贸易偏差:(trade deflection) 贸易转移关税同盟:(trade-diversio

21、n customs union) 可变进口税额:(variable import levies) 11.国际贸易与经济发展 缓冲库存储备:(buffer stocks) 商品或纯物物交换贸易条件:(modity or barter terms of trade) 双边要素贸易条件:(double factoral terms of trade) 内生性增长理论:(ecdogenous groeth theory) 增长动力:(engine ofgrowth) 出口管制:(e_port controls)出口波动:(e_port instability) 出口导向工业化:(e_port-orie

22、nted industrialization) 出口悲观论:(e_port pessinism) 外债:(foreign debt) 进口代替工业化:(import-substitution industrialization,isi) 贸易收入条件:(ine terms of trade) 国际商品协定:(international modity) 市场委员会:(marketing boards)国际经济新秩序:(new international economic order,nieo)新兴工业化国家:(newly industrialized economies,nies)第 10 页

23、共 17 页购货合约:(purchase contract) 新定居区:(regions ofrecent settlement) 单边要素贸易条件:(single factoralterms of trade) 剩余出口:(vent for surplus) 12.国际资流动与跨国公司 脑力流失:(brain drain) 直接投资:(directinvestments) 横向一体化:(horizontal integration) 跨国公司:(multinational) 组合投资:(portfolio investments)资产组合理论:(portfolio theory) 风险分散化

24、:(riskdiversification) 转移定价:(transfer pricing) 纵向一体化:(vertical integration) 13.国际收支平衡表 调节性交易:(acconnmous transactions)自主性交易:(autonomous transactions) 国际收支平衡表:(balance of transactions) 资本项目:(capital account)贷方交易:(credit transactions) 经常项目:(currentaccount) 借方交易:(debit transactions) 国际收支中的逆差:(deficit i

25、n the balance of payments) 复式薄记:(double-entry bookkeeping) 金融项目:(financialaccount) 金融性资本流入:(financial inflows) 金融性资本流出:(financial outflows) 国际投资头寸:(internationalinvestment position) 官方结算余额:(officialsettlements balance) 官方储备账户:(official reserveaccount) 统计误差:(statistical discrepancy) 国际收支中第 11 页 共 17

26、页的盈余:(surplus in the balance of patments) 单方面转移支付:(unilateral transfers) 14.外汇市场与汇率 升值:(appreciation) 套利:(arbitrage) 套利交易:(carrytrade) 抛补套利利润率:(covered interest arbitragemargin ,ciam) 抛补套利平价:(covered interest arbitrageparity,ciap) 交叉汇率:(cross-e_change rate) 贬值:(depreciation) 不稳定性投机:(destabilizingspe

27、culation) 有效汇率:(effecitive e_change rate) 外汇市场有效性:(efficiency of foreign e_changemarkets)外汇期货:(foreign e_change futures) 外汇市场:(foreign e_change market) 外汇期权:(foreigne_change option) 外汇风险:(foreign e_change risk)远期贴水:(forward discount) 远期升水:(forward premium)远期汇率:(forward rate) 套期保值:(hedging) 套利:(inter

28、est arbitrage) 离岸存款:(offshore deposits)铸造利差:(seignorage) 投机:(speculation) 即期汇率:(spot rate) 稳定性投机:(stabilizing speculation) 无抛补套利:(uncovered interest arbitrage) 国际支付货币:(vehicle currency) 15.汇率决定 绝对购买力平价理论:(absolute purchasing-power parity theory) 巴拉萨-萨第 12 页 共 17 页缪尔森效应:(balassa-samuelson effect) 货币需

29、求:(demandfor money) 汇率超调理论:(e_change rate overshooting)预期的即期汇率变化:(e_pected change in the spotrate) 一价法则:(law of one price) 国际收支的货币分析p法:(moary approach to the balance of payments) 基础货币:(moary base) 资产组合平衡法:(portfolio balanceapproach) 实际汇率:(real e_change rate) 相对购买力平价理论:(relative purchasing-power pari

30、ty theory)风险溢价:(risk premium ,rp) 货币供给:(supply ofmoney) 16.汇率调节机制 贬值:(devaluation) 荷兰病:(dutch disease) 弹性悲观主义:(elasticity pessimism)黄金输入点:(gold e_port point) 黄金输出点:(goldimport point) 金本位制:(gold standard) 识别问题:(identification problem) j 曲线效应:(j-curve effect)铸币评价:(mint parity) 传递:(paee-through) 价格黄金流动

31、机制:(price-specie-flow mechanism) 货币数量论:(quantity theory of money) 金本位制的博弈原则:(rules of the game of the gold standard) 稳定的外汇市场:(stable foreign e_change market) 贸易或弹性方法:(trade or elasticity approach) 不稳定外汇市场:(unstable foreign e_change market) 17.收入调节机第 13 页 共 17 页制与自动调节 吸收法:(absorption approach) 平均进口倾向

32、:(average propensity to import,apm) 封闭经济:(closedeconomy) 消费函数:(consumption function) 预期或计划的投资:(desired or planned investment) 均衡国民收入水平:(equilibrium level of national ine)出口函数:(e_port function) 国外反馈效应:(foreign repercussion) 对外贸易乘数:(foreign trademultiplier) 进口函数:(import function) 进口收入需求弹性:(ine elastic

33、ity of demand for import) 投资函数:(investment function) 边际消费倾向:(marginalpropensity to consume,mpc) 边际储蓄倾向:(marginalpropensity to save,mps) 边际进口倾向:(marginalpropensity to import,mpm) 储蓄函数:(saving function)自动调节的综合:(synthesis of automatic adjustments) 18.宏观经济调控 bp 曲线:(bp curve) 直接控制:(directcontrol) 外汇控制:(e

34、_change controls) 支出-改变政策:(e_penditure-changing policies) 支出-转换政策:(e_penditure-switching policies) 外部均衡:(e_ternal balance) 内部均衡:(internal balance)is 曲线:(is-curve) lm 曲线:(lm-curve) 多重汇率:(multiple e_change rates) 蒙代尔-弗莱明模第 14 页 共 17 页型:(mundell-fleming model) 菲利普斯曲线:(phillipscurve) 市场有效分割理论:(principle

35、 of effective marketclassification) 货币投机需求:(speculative demand formoney) 货币交易需求:(transaction demand for money) 贸易控制:(trade control)19.价格与产出 总需求曲线:(aggregate demand(ad)curve) 总供给曲线:(aggregate supply(as) curve) 预期价格:(e_pected prices) 通货膨胀目标值:(inflationtargeting) 长期总供给曲线:(long-run aggregatesupply(lras) curve) 自然产出水平:(natural level ofoutput)短期总供给曲线:(short-run aggregate supply (sras)curve) 滞胀:(stagflation) 20.浮动与固定汇率和宏观政策协调 可调整盯住汇率体系:(adjustable peg system) 爬行钉住汇率体系:(crawling peg system) 货币发行局制:(currency board