AT89S52单片机毕业论文中英文文献翻译

1、无锡科技职业学院毕业论文中英文翻译中英文资料翻译题 目 the description of mcu 系 别 中德机电学院 专 业 机电一体化技术 班 级 机电1002班 学生姓名 学 号 指导教师 2012年12月英文原文资料：the description of mcumcu descriptionscm is also known as micro-controller (microcontroller unit), commonly used letters of the acronym mcu mcu that it was first used in industrial cont

2、rol. only a single chip by the cpu chip developed from a dedicated processor. the first design is by a large number of peripherals and cpu on a chip in the computer system, smaller, more easily integrated into a complex and demanding on the volume control device which. intel's z80 is the first d

3、esigned in accordance with this idea processor, then on the development of microcontroller and dedicated processors have parted ways.are 8-bit microcontroller early or 4 bits. one of the most successful is the intel 8031, for a simple, reliable and good performance was a lot of praise. then develope

4、d in 8031 out of mcs51 mcu systems. scm systems based on this system until now is still widely used. with the increased requirements of industrial control field, began a 16-bit microcontroller, because the cost is not satisfactory but have not been very widely used. after 90 years with the great dev

5、elopment of consumer electronics, microcontroller technology has been a huge increase. with intel i960 series, especially the later series of widely used arm, 32-bit microcontroller quickly replace high-end 16-bit mcu status and enter the mainstream market. the traditional 8-bit microcontroller perf

6、ormance have been the rapid increase capacity increase compared to 80 the number of times. currently, high-end 32-bit microcontroller clocked over 300mhz, the performance catching the mid-90's dedicated processor, while the average model prices fall to one u.s. dollars, the most high-end 1 model

7、 only 10 dollars. modern scm systems are no longer only in the development and use of bare metal environment, a large number of proprietary embedded operating system is widely used in the full range of scm. the handheld computers and cell phones as the core processing of high-end microcontroller can

8、 even use a dedicated windows and linux operating systems.scm is more suitable than the specific processor used in embedded systems, so it was up to the application. in fact the number of scm is the world's largest computer. modern human life used in almost every piece of electronic and mechanic

9、al products will be integrated single chip. phone, telephone, calculator, home appliances, electronic toys, handheld computers and computer accessories such as a mouse with a 1-2 in both the department of scm. personal computer will have a large number of scm in the work. general car with more than

10、40 scm, complex industrial control systems may even have hundreds of scm in the same time work! scm is not only far exceeds the number of pc and other computing the sum, or even more than the number of human beingssingle chip, also known as single-chip microcontroller, it is not complete a certain l

11、ogic chips, but to a computer system integrated into a chip. equivalent to a micro-computer, and computer than just the lack of a microcontroller i / o devices. general talk: a chip becomes a computer. its small size, light weight, cheap, for the study, application and development of facilities prov

12、ided. at the same time, learning to use the mcu is to understand the principle and structure of the computer the best choice.scm and the computer functions internally with similar modules, such as cpu, memory, parallel bus, the same effect as well, and hard disk memory devices, and different is its

13、performance of these components were relatively weak many of our home computer, but the price is low , usually not more than 10 yuan you can do with it . some control for a class is not very complicated electrical work is enough of. we are using automatic drum washing machine, smoke hood, vcd and so

14、 on appliances which could see its shadow! . it is primarily as a control section of the core componentsit is an online real-time control computer, control-line is that the scene is needed is a stronger anti-jamming ability, low cost, and this is, and off-line computer (such as home pc), the main di

15、fference.single chipmcu is through running, and can be modified. through different procedures to achieve different functions, in particular special unique features, this is another device much effort needs to be done, some great efforts are very difficult to do. a not very complex functions if the 5

16、0's with the united states developed 74 series, or the 60's cd4000 series of these pure hardware buttoned, then the circuit must be a large pcb board! but if the united states if the 70's with a series of successful scm market, the result will be a drastic change! just because you are pr

17、epared by microcomputer programs can achieve high intelligence, high efficiency and high reliability!as the microcontroller on the cost-sensitive, so now the dominant software or the lowest level assembly language, which is the lowest level in addition to more than binary machine code language, and

18、as so low why is the use? many high-level language has reached the level of visual programming why is not it? the reason is simply that there is no home computer as a single chip cpu, not as hard as a mass storage device. a visualization of small high-level language program which even if only one bu

19、tton, will reach tens of k of size! for the home pc's hard drive in terms of nothing, but in terms of the mcu is not acceptable. scm in the utilization of hardware resources to be very high for the job so although the original is still in the compilation of a lot of use. the same token, if the g

20、iant computer operating system and applications run up to get home pc, home pc, also can not afford to.can be said that the twentieth century across the three "power" era, that is, the age of electricity, the electronic age and has entered into the computer age. however, this computer, usu

21、ally refers to the personal computer, referred to as pc. it consists of the host, keyboard, monitor and other components. another type of computer, most people do not know how. this computer is to give all kinds of intelligent machines single chip (also known as micro-controller). as the name sugges

22、ts, this computer system took only a minimal integrated circuit, can be a simple operation and control. because it is small, usually hidden in the charged mechanical "stomach" in. it is in the device, like the human brain plays a role, it goes wrong, the whole plant was paralyzed. now, thi

23、s microcontroller has a very broad field of use, such as smart meters, real-time industrial control, communications equipment, navigation systems, and household appliances. once all kinds of products were using scm, can serve to upgrade the effectiveness of products, often in the product name preced

24、ed by the adjective - "intelligent," such as intelligent washing machines. now some technical personnel of factories or other amateur electronics developers to engage in out of certain products, not the circuit is too complicated, that function is too simple and can easily be copied. the r

25、eason may be stuck in the product did not use a microcontroller or other programmable logic device.scm historyscm was born in the late 20th century, 70, experienced scm, mcu, soc three stages.first model 1.scm the single chip microcomputer (single chip microcomputer) stage, mainly seeking the best o

26、f the best single form of embedded systems architecture. "innovation model" success, laying the scm and general computer completely different path of development. in the open road of independent development of embedded systems, intel corporation contributed.2.mcu the micro-controller (micr

27、o controller unit) stage, the main direction of technology development: expanding to meet the embedded applications, the target system requirements for the various peripheral circuits and interface circuits, highlight the object of intelligent control. it involves the areas associated with the objec

28、t system, therefore, the development of mcu's responsibility inevitably falls on electrical, electronics manufacturers. from this point of view, intel faded mcu development has its objective factors. in the development of mcu, the most famous manufacturers as the number of philips corporation.ph

29、ilips company in embedded applications, its great advantage, the mcs-51 single-chip micro-computer from the rapid development of the micro-controller. therefore, when we look back at the path of development of embedded systems, do not forget intel and philips in history.embedded systemsembedded syst

30、em microcontroller is an independent development path, the mcu important factor in the development stage, is seeking applications to maximize the solution on the chip; therefore, the development of dedicated single chip soc trend of the natural form. as the microelectronics, ic design, eda tools dev

31、elopment, application system based on mcu soc design have greater development. therefore, the understanding of the microcontroller chip microcomputer can be, extended to the single-chip micro-controller applications.mcu applicationsscm now permeate all areas of our lives, which is almost difficult t

32、o find traces of the field without scm. missile navigation equipment, aircraft, all types of instrument control, computer network communications and data transmission, industrial automation, real-time process control and data processing, extensive use of various smart ic card, civilian luxury car se

33、curity system, video recorder, camera, fully automatic washing machine control, and program-controlled toys, electronic pet, etc., which are inseparable from the microcontroller. not to mention the area of robot control, intelligent instruments, medical equipment was. therefore, the mcu learning, de

34、velopment and application of the large number of computer applications and intelligent control of the scientists, engineers.the single-chip microcomputer at89s52 mcu as an example, the pair for further description: at89s52 mcufeatures compatible with mcs-51 products 8k bytes of in-system programmabl

35、e (isp) flash memory endurance: 10,000 write/erase cycles 4.0v to 5.5v operating range fully static operation: 0 hz to 33 mhz three-level program memory lock 256 x 8-bit internal ram 32 programmable i/o lines three 16-bit timer/counters eight interrupt sources full duplex uart serial channel low-pow

36、er idle and power-down modes interrupt recovery from power-down mode watchdog timer dual data pointer power-off flag fast programming time flexible isp programming (byte and page mode) green (pb/halide-free) packaging option1.descriptionthe at89s52 is a low-power, high-performance cmos 8-bit microco

37、ntroller with 8k bytes of in-system programmable flash memory. the device is manufactured using atmels high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the indus-try-standard 80c51 instruction set and pinout. the on-chip flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system o

38、r by a conventional nonvolatile memory pro-grammer. by combining a versatile 8-bit cpu with in-system programmable flash on a monolithic chip, the atmel at89s52 is a powerful microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications.the at89s5

39、2 provides the following standard features: 8k bytes of flash, 256 bytes of ram, 32 i/o lines, watchdog timer, two data pointers, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. in addition, the at89s52 i

40、s designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. the idle mode stops the cpu while allowing the ram, timer/counters, serial port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. the power-down mode saves the ram con-tents but fr

41、eezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or hardware reset.2.pin descriptionvcc ：supply voltage.gnd ：ground.port 0：port 0 is an 8-bit open drain bidirectional i/o port. as an output port, each pin can sink eight ttl inputs. when 1s are written to port 0 pins,

42、 the pins can be used as high-impedance inputs. port 0 can also be configured to be the multiplexed low-order address/data bus during accesses to external program and data memory. in this mode, p0 has internal pull-ups. port 0 also receives the code bytes during flash programming and outputs the cod

43、e bytes dur-ing program verification. external pull-ups are required during program verification.port 1：port 1 is an 8-bit bidirectional i/o port with internal pull-ups. the port 1 output buffers can sink/source four ttl inputs. when 1s are written to port 1 pins, they are pulled high by the inter-n

44、al pull-ups and can be used as inputs. as inputs, port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (iil) because of the internal pull-ups. in addition, p1.0 and p1.1 can be configured to be the timer/counter 2 external count input (p1.0/t2) and the timer/counter 2 trigger input (

45、p1.1/t2ex), respectively, as shown in the follow-ing table. port 1 also receives the low-order address bytes during flash programming and verification. table1port pinalternate functionsp1.0t2 (external count input to timer/counter 2), clock-outp1.1t2ex (timer/counter 2 capture/reload trigger and dir

46、ection control)p1.5mosi (used for in-system programming)p1.6miso (used for in-system programming)p1.7sck (used for in-system programming)port 2：port 2 is an 8-bit bidirectional i/o port with internal pull-ups. the port 2 output buffers can sink/source four ttl inputs. when 1s are written to port 2 p

47、ins, they are pulled high by the inter-nal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. as inputs, port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (iil) because of the internal pull-ups. port 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from external program memory and dur-ing acce

48、sses to external data memory that use 16-bit addresses (movx dptr). in this application, port 2 uses strong internal pull-ups when emitting 1s. during accesses to external data memory that use 8-bit addresses (movx ri), port 2 emits the contents of the p2 special function register. port 2 also recei

49、ves the high-order address bits and some control signals during flash program-ming and verification.port 3：port 3 is an 8-bit bidirectional i/o port with internal pull-ups. the port 3 output buffers can sink/source four ttl inputs. when 1s are written to port 3 pins, they are pulled high by the inte

50、r-nal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. as inputs, port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (iil) because of the pull-ups. port 3 receives some control signals for flash programming and verification. port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the at

51、89s52, as shown in the fol-lowing table. table2port pinalternate functionsp3.0rxd (serial input port)p3.1txd (serial output port)p3.2 (external interrupt 0)p3.3 (external interrupt 1)p3.4t0 (timer 0 external input)p3.5t1 (timer 1 external input)p3.6 (external data memory write strobe)p3.7 (external

52、data memory read strobe)rst：reset input. a high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device. this pin drives high for 98 oscillator periods after the watchdog times out. the disrto bit in sfr auxr (address 8eh) can be used to disable this feature. in the defa

53、ult state of bit disrto, the reset high out feature is enabled.ale/：address latch enable (ale) is an output pulse for latching the low byte of the address during accesses to external memory. this pin is also the program pulse input () during flash programming. in normal operation, ale is emitted at

54、a constant rate of 1/6 the oscillator frequency and may be used for external timing or clocking purposes. note, however, that one ale pulse is skipped dur-ing each access to external data memory. if desired, ale operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of sfr location 8eh. with the bit set, ale is

55、 active only during a movx or movc instruction. otherwise, the pin is weakly pulled high. setting the ale-disable bit has no effect if the microcontroller is in external execution mode.：program store enable () is the read strobe to external program memory. when the at89s52 is executing code from ext

56、ernal program memory, is activated twice each machine cycle, except that two activations are skipped during each access to exter-nal data memory./vpp：external access enable. must be strapped to gnd in order to enable the device to fetch code from external program memory locations starting at 0000h u

57、p to ffffh. note, however, that if lock bit 1 is programmed, will be internally latched on reset. should be strapped to vcc for internal program executions. this pin also receives the 12-volt programming enable voltage (vpp) during flash programming.xtal1：input to the inverting oscillator amplifier

58、and input to the internal clock operating circuit.xtal2：output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.3.memory organizationmcs-51 devices have a separate address space for program and data memory. up to 64k bytes each of external program and data memory can be addressed.3.1 program memoryif the pin is connected to gnd, all program fetches are directed to external memory. on the at89s52, if is connected to vcc, program fetches to addresses 0000h through 1fffh are directed to internal memory and fetches