完整版)建院建筑专业毕业论文

1、指导教师 （以下为三号，宋体，居中）20* 届成人教育分院分院专 业准考证号学生姓名 完成日期年 月曰毕业设计（论文）成绩单学生姓名学号班级专业毕业设计（论文）题目指导教师姓名指导教帅职称评定成绩指导教师得分评阅人得分答辩小组组长得分成绩:院长（主任）签字:日毕业论文任务书题目我国建筑技术现状与发展专业建筑工程技术班级学生姓名承担指导任务单位导师姓名导师职称一、论文内容本论文通过实践调查、对中国建筑技术相关资料查询分析中国建筑技术的现状与发 展情况，主要对防水、装饰、节能、智能化这四项具有代表性的建筑技术进行详细 的调查、分析、说明。三、主要研究方法1、收集资料，分析调查，整理现有建筑技术现状

2、；2、通过现有建筑技术现状查找相关技术的发展；3、重点调查防水、装饰、节能、智能化等技术的现状与发展；4、说明相关技术的的国内外的现状与房展；5、对各种技术的背景方向对系统的介绍，主要介绍防水、装饰、节能、智能化技术；7、对各种技术的使用措施加以介绍；6、运用各种方法对所查询资料进行科学的处理；四、应收集的资料及参考文献游宝坤，赵顺增，李应权，我国刚性防水技术的发展，中国建筑材料科学研 究总所，北京叶林昌，防水工程中的工程哲学分析。新型建筑材料，2008年12月沈春林，建筑防水工程施工，防水技术与管理丛书，2007年8月赵建，马驰，建筑技能工程施工手册。北京土木建筑学会。2005年8月雍静。李

3、北海，杨岳，建筑智能化技术。2008年1月湖南大学，天津大学，同济大学。东南大学合编。土木工程材料。2002年7月薛邵祖，地下建筑工程防水技术。北京。2003年付祥钊，夏冷冬热地区建筑节能技术。中国建筑工业出版社。2002年温博银，智能建筑设计技术。同济大学出版社。2002年周璐，建筑装饰装修技术手册。安徽科学技术出版社。2006年五、进度计划第1周：布置任务，熟悉任务书，完成开题报告；第2周：收集资料；现场学习；第3周：根据资料，确定论文框架，确定论文的三级目录；第4 8周：完成初稿，前期工作分析。第9周：上交初稿，听取指导教师修改意见，进行修改。第10 11周：完成论文，并装订成册。第12

4、周：答辩教研组主任签字时间毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目我国建筑技术现状与发展学生姓名刘志召准考证号专业建筑工程技术（主要包括本课题的研究背景、国内外研究现状，论文进行的主要工作和所采用的方法、手段，以及预期达到的结果）一、研究背景建筑技术是一个十分的概念，它包括防水技术，装饰技术，节能技术，智能技术，还有防火防震防火保温焊接等种类众多作用各异的建筑工艺技术。我国的建筑技术水平日益进步，尤其是在新世纪，改革开放以来。众多的新型材料工艺 从国外引进和我们自己开发出来促进的我国建筑技术的飞速发展，为我们国家的经济建设做出了卓越的贡献。二、国内外研究现状建筑技术在国内外都是十分引人重视的话题，随着世界

5、经济的房展，我国的建筑技术水平与国外建筑技术存在一些差异，但总体趋势是相一致的。现主要研究防水、装饰、节能、智能化等技术的国内外现状。防水工程技术是建筑技术中的重要组成部分，防水技术的发展不仅仅与建筑本身及结构形式相关，还受到地域环境，经济发展与建筑规模等诸多因素的影响。建筑技术在我们国家这几十年有了很大的进步，但还有许多的问题没有解决。建筑装潢技术毋庸置疑就是我们的建筑工程中必不可少的一部分，不仅从中国古代的建筑中能找到装潢的特别美观的建筑，外国的古代建筑装潢也是必不可少的。千百年来古人就会使用大理石，琉璃瓦，玻璃，木材等材料来装饰建筑。现如今的的材料更是种类繁多。节能是现在一个非常热的话题

6、，符合我国国情的发展，与世界的房展趋势相一致。经济的发展和人口的膨胀给地球的资源带 来的不可避免的紧张。人们生活水平在提高，人们要求得到安全，舒适，经济的环境，必须在建筑内配置可到的能与外界便捷交流的通信系统，能源供应系统，设备控制管理系统和安全防范系统等，时其成为智能化建筑。在这方面我国的技术水平还是比较薄弱的。指导教师签字时 间年月日摘要建筑技术作为现代化的一种工程技术， 在我国已得到一定程度的发 展，但我国建筑技术总体水平仍然较低。无论是建筑技术本身存在的问 题，还是相关技术的发展存在的瓶颈，都会对我国建筑业的发展造成一 定的困难。基于建筑业的发展现状和存在的问题，本论文对四个重要建 筑

7、技术进行分析，并对其未来的发展进行预测。通过分析建筑技术中存 在的问题，针对问题，不断创新，为未来建筑技术的发展开辟道路，力 求实现建筑技术更高效、更节能、更智能化发展，促进建筑业的可持续 发展。关键词：建筑 技术 防水 装饰 节能 智能AbstractIn recent years, as Chinas construction market rising prosperity and development, each unit of construction technologyncreasingly important issue, become the focus of attent

8、ion of the common people.Chinas construction industry with amazing speed, in the past fewyears, the national construction area increased. The development of construction industry of construction technology, especially waterproof, decoration, energy saving, intelligent technology put forwardtechnolog

9、y, and some western countries als order to achieve further development, and gradually connecting with the world, technology conditions, the building technology of our country in the future development of the better and faster.This paper for this purpose, are discussed. Hope of architectural technolo

10、gy can some of the more important technologies were analyzed, and the construction technology of the present situation and development will to the China the energy problem is more serious.Energy development in our country there are mainly four big problem: (1) the ownership, low per capita energy re

11、serves is low; (2) the energy structure still coal-based, about 75%, the national HaoMeiLiang years more than 1.3 billion t; (3) energy resources distribution and mainly displays in the economic developed area in the energy shortage and rural commercial energy supply, cause north south west gas deli

12、very, coal to the power transmission from west to east, send; (4) the energy efficiency is low, the efficiency in the use of energy terminal is only 33%, 10% lower than in developed countries.With the , the building of the our country energy consumption increases year by year, of the whole society,

13、and building materials production energy consumption per year by about 13%, the total energy consumption . Our countrys existing construction area of over 400 m2, and most of the buildings for , and every year new buildings nearly 2billion m2, including more than 95% is still architecture. If contin

14、ue to carry out the energy saving the low level of the design standards, will leave and the energy consumption of the management difficulties. The , of the national economy. Accordingly, the construction industry overalld energy saving is imperativeAt present our country every year city new area of

15、nearly 2 billion square meters, including more than 80% of gas-guzzling architecture; The existing building nearly 40 billion square meters, more than 95% of gas-guzzling is building. Housing construction material consumptions level compared with the developed countries, steel consumption is 10% 25%

16、, and the developed countries of the building steel are would charge, and Chinese building steel basic are wrapped in reinforced concrete in, can be retrieved. Cause the main reasons for the situation is China building technique no and international construction technology and axle, and go with Chin

17、ese characteristics is a built mode, from the eastern developed area to western poverty-stricken areas, from top-grade villa to farmer room, almost all buildings are reinforced concrete beam system and QinZhuanHanWa bearing structure of block enclosure structure.The ministry of construction WangGuan

18、gDao minister in the implement the central economic work conference spirit thinking, in an said:. China resources, environment constraint demands that we must change the traditional residential construction method. At present, our country process, total energy consumption, consumption accounts for m

19、ore than 20% of city water by 32%, 30% of urban land used for residential, consumption of steel accounts for the 20% of the total steel quantity, cement contents of the amount of 17.6% of the national total. Housing construction material consumptions level compared with the developed countries, stee

20、l consumption is 10% 25%, wholesome clean water consumption of as much as 30% or more, each one cubic metre more concrete mixing cement 80 kg. With the consumption of urbanization and the improvement of living standards, on the onetask is the other , each is overwhelming.In addition, both residentia

21、l is also causes the energy of the most important aspects of the tension. Both urban and rural residential buildings in total about 33 billion square meters, and energy-saving residential buildings to less than 2%. These both residential still unstinting with a lot of energy consumption, than develo

22、ped countries 2 3 times, this will further intensifies our countrys energy shortage of conflict.Fundamentally, according to the requirements of the circular economy guidance residential construction. Housingand long-term use of process resource consumption problems, should according to reduce, reuse

23、 and recycling principle, do well the comprehensive utilization of resources.In short, the way, develop the ground-saving residential energy , for the adjustment of economic structure and change growing way to contribute. More than 20 years, due to the lack of substantive policy and technology suppo

24、rt, building energy saving technology to just stay on the slogan, not only no progress, but the great setback. In the early seventy s, China building consumption operating energy consumption accounted for only about 10% of the total energy consumption society, at presen to 27%. If in the production

25、process and the consumption of a building to the amount of energy to account for about 46.7% of the total energy consumption society, building energy saving technology present situation.Now not only the city left a lot now and in the future needs of the directional blasting reinforced concrete build

26、ing, the country is not exceptional also, because they used the same architecture and urban structure and construction materials.Because of Chinas no and international residential construction technology and axle, though since the 1990 s, with international residential science and technology develop

27、ment trend, and put forward some fashionable slogans, and puts forward the development of the steel structure building and residential industrialization and a series of loud slogan, but because the present Chinese building structure is still in reinforced concrete beam structure system, building mat

28、erials is still in concrete block, and even still is the soil fire QinZhuanHanWa. Belong to knocked down brick base brick low level of construction method.Since the 20 century at the beginning of proposed since, steel structure building and residential industrialization are a pair of twins, suppleme

29、nt each other, not steel structure building, cannot survive residential industrialization, if even the steel structure , also can only is the bridge and the mules-light talk.Housing industrialization, steel structure building and green building of course good, the good is by, just in a long period o

30、f time, the scripture is still not see clear, including some experts, scholars and officials to steel structure building and residential industrialization understanding are superficial, and even made a lot of jokes, for example say residential industrialization is the first Japanese experts in 1968

31、brought out (Bauhaus school of modern building industry is one of the biggest contribution as early as in 1910, walters skin,convention steel structure building technology advantage of a beautiful building); The green as is green color (for example the damage of mountain painted green color) or gree

32、n (such as some north water plant in big city in foreign lawn), this is because officials misunderstand green building true meaning, makes the urban construction of the green waste .Although Chinese real estate industry of ISO14001 environmental management system standard is still very strange, but

33、luckily the international green residential building is not to like steel structure that troubled waters from shorty (reinforced concrete LiangZhuJia clay fire QinZhuanHanWa) out among general (with Chinese characteristics green of the building is a system engineering. At present, the state standard

34、s , the energy saving design standards, the standards and so on the industry standard, of building energy made specific policy; In the concrete practice, also must by design, construction, supervision and administration departments at all levels, developers, operation management department, the user

35、 and so on each link, according to the countrys energy conservation policies and energy saving standard provisions, comprehensive, strictlyenergy saving measures,make each citizen really set up the comprehensivebuilding energy saving view, energy conservation of the building will be exemptions.目前世界范

36、围内石油、煤炭、天然气三种传统能源日趋枯竭 , 人类 将不得不转向成本较高的生物能、水利、地热、风力、太阳能、核能 , 而我国的能源问题更加严重。我国能源发展主要存在四大问题：人均能源拥有量低、储备量低; 能源结构依然以煤为主 ,约占 75%,全国年耗煤量已超过 13 亿 t; 能 源资源分布不均 , 主要表现在经济发达地区能源短缺和 农村 商业能源供 应不足, 造成北煤南运、西气东送、西电东送 ; 能源利用效率低 , 能源 终端利用效率仅为 33%,比发达国家低 10%。随着城市建设的高速发展 , 我国的建筑能耗逐年大幅度上升 , 已达 全社会能源消耗量的 32%,加上每年房屋建筑材料生产能

37、耗约 13%,建筑 总能耗已达全国能源总消耗量的 45%。我国现有建筑面积为 400 多亿 m2,绝大部分为高能耗建筑,且每年新建建筑近20亿m2,其中95%以 上仍是高能耗建筑。如果继续执行节能水平较低的设计标准 , 将留下很 重的能耗负担和治理困难。庞大的建筑能耗 , 已经成为国民经济的巨大 负担。因此建筑行业全面节能势在必行目前我国每年城市新建房屋建筑面积近 20 亿平方米，其中 80%以上为高耗能建筑；现有建筑近 400 亿平方米， 95%以上是高耗能建筑。 住宅建设的物耗水平与发达国家相比， 钢材消耗高出 10%25%，而且发 达国家的建筑钢材都是可会收的， 而中国建筑钢材基本都包裹

38、在钢筋混 凝土之中，是不可回收的。 造成这种状况的主要原因就是中国建筑技术 一直没有与国际建筑科技并轨， 走的是一条具有中国特色的房屋建造模 式，从东部发达地区到西部贫困地区， 从高档别墅到农民房， 几乎所有 建筑都是钢筋混凝土“梁柱体系”的承载结构加上“秦砖汉瓦”的砌 块围护结构。建设部部长汪光焘在 贯彻中央经济工作会议精神的思考 一文中 说：“, 我国资源、 环境的约束要求我们必须改变传统的住宅建设方式。 目前，我国住宅建设过程中，耗能达到总能耗的 20%多，耗水占城市用 水 32%，城市用地中有 30%用于住宅， 耗用的钢材占全国用钢量的 20%， 水泥用量占全国总用量的 17.6%。住

39、宅建设的物耗水平与发达国家相 比，钢材消耗高出10%-25%卫生洁具的耗水量高达 30%以上，每拌 和 1 立方米混凝土要多消耗水泥 80公斤。随着城镇化进程和生活水平 的提高，一方面住宅建设的任务还很繁重； 另一方面又面临着越来越严 峻的资源、环境、生态压力，继续沿用传统的方式进行住宅建设，各个 方面都将难以承受。此外，既有住宅也是造成能源紧张的重要方面。 我国既有城乡住宅 建筑总量约 330 亿平方米，而节能型住宅不足 2%。这些既有住宅还在 无节制地消耗着大量的能源，比发达国家建筑能耗高 2- 3 倍，这势必 进一步加剧我国能源紧缺的矛盾。从根本上讲， 要按循环经济的要求指导住宅建设。 住宅都有一个近 期建设和长远使用过程的资源消耗问题， 应按照减量化、 再利用、资源 化的原则，搞好资源综合利用。总之，住宅产业是发展循环经济、 建设资源节约型社会的重要领域， 要通过住宅产业现代化的途径， 大力发展节能省地型住宅， 为调整 经济结构和转变增长方式作出贡献 ,