汽车主动安全与被动安全技术资料

1、主动安全 Active SafetyWeh ave developed our radar and vision technology to make driving easier and safer by monitoring the environment around the vehicle, giving our active safety systems a chance to adjust engine output, steering or braking to avoid a crash.我们通过开发雷达和可视化技术使驾驶变得简单而安全。通过检测周围环境中的车 辆，使主动安全系

2、统可以改变发动机的输出， 汽车的转向或者制动从而避免事故的发生。At Autoliv, it s not enough to help people survive a collision we want to help them avoid accidents altogether. This means taking action before accidents occur. Future automotive safety technology will need to recognize potentially dangerous situations before they hap

3、pen, and then react quickly and intelligently.对 Autoliv 而言，仅仅让人们从碰撞中生还远远不够，我们希望帮助人们完全避免 事故。这意味着在事故发生前采取行动。未来的汽车安全技术将需要在潜在危险工况发 生前识别它们，并前须速地采取明智的回应。Using our leading market position inradar and vision technology, our aim isto provide:利用在雷达和可视化技术的市场领先地位，我们希望提供：early warnings to drivers, so they can ta

4、ke appropriate action;? 对驾驶员进行早期预警，使他们可以采取适当行动；? intelligent systems that affect the vehicle s motion using braking andsteering, helping the driver avoid the hazard;? 利用制动和转向影响车辆动作的智能系统，帮助驾驶员避免危险；? improved restraint systems that combine hazard information withtraditional crash sensing methods, in c

5、ase a collision is unavoidable.? 改进的约束系统，利用传统的碰撞传感器整合危险信息，以防不可避免的碰撞。主动安全功能介绍：Type 类型Adaptive Cruise Control自适应式巡航控制Instruction 介绍Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is similar to traditional cruise control in that ACC keeps the vehicle s pre -set speed automatically. The biggest difference between the two

6、, however, is that ACC can also automatically adjust the vehic le s speed to keep a pre -set distance from vehicles up ahead. For example, if the vehicle ahead slows down, or if another vehicle comes into the lane, the ACCs ends a signal to the engine or brake system to slow down to keep the pre-set

7、 distance. Whent he road is clear again, the ACC will accelerate the vehicle up to both the pre-set speed and distance.自适应巡航控制类似于传统的巡航控 制，它自动地保持车速在预设值。然而两者 最大的区别是自适应巡航控制可以自动调节 车速保持与前车的预设车距。例如，如果前 车减速，或者另一辆车进入车道自适应巡航Queue Assist 队列辅助Forward Collision Warning & Braking前方碰撞警告和制动控制将发送信号至发动机或者制动系统降低 车速保持

8、预设车距。当路面再次畅通，自适 应巡航控制将使车辆加速至预设速度和车 距。Queue Assist takes control of braking and acceleration in slow-moving traffic, making driving more comfortable. Also known as Stop-and-Go, Queue Assist is an Adaptive Cruise Control feature.队列辅助可以在缓慢行驶时控制制动和 加速，使驾驶更加舒适。该功能亦称“停与 走”，队列协助是一种自适应巡航控制的功 能之一。By continuo

9、usly monitoringthe areain front of the vehicle, the Forward Collision Warning and Braking system detects slow-moving vehicles or other objects that the driver might hit if not noticed in time. In such cases, the system first alerts the driver with a warning signal. At the same time, the reversible a

10、ctive seatbelt tightens, removing any slack. The brakes are then put into “alert mode, ” which makes braking easier by reducing the brakeactivation threshold if the driver steps on the brake pedal. And if the driver still does not react to the warning and a crash is about to happen, full braking pow

11、er is automatically activated.通过不断检测车辆前方的区域，前方碰 撞警告和制动系统将侦测出慢行车辆或者其 它由于驾驶员疏忽可能会撞到的障碍物。在 这种情况下，系统将首先向驾驶员发出警报。 同时，可逆式主动安全带收紧去除间隙。制 动器进入“警报模式”，通过减小制动器生 效界限，使驾驶员踩下制动踏板时制动变得Blind Spot Detection盲点监测系统Cross-traffic Assist十字交通协助Lane Departure Warning容易。如果驾驶员一直没有对警告作出反应， 并且碰撞即将发生， 全制动力将自动被施加。The Blind Spot D

12、etection feature helps the driver while attempting to pass other vehicles. The system uses two radar sensors that are connected to each side rear-view mirror. The sensors continuously monitor the presence, direction and speed of vehicles in the lanes beside the vehicle. If a vehicle moves into the b

13、lind spot, a warning indicator on the appropriate side lights up. If the driver still doesnt react to the indicator, an audio alarm goes off, providing additional warning.盲点检测系统为驾驶员超车是提供帮 助。该系统利用两个连接在后视镜上的雷达 传感器。该传感器不间断地监测车旁两侧车 道车辆的存在、方向和速度。如果一辆车进 入了盲区，相应侧的警示器将打开。如果驾 驶员依然没有对警示器作出反应，声音警报 将会响起提供额外警告。W

14、hile backing out of a parking spot, Cross-traffic Assist warns the driver of approaching traffic. Cross-traffic Assist uses the Blind Spot Detection systems two radar sensors to pick up vehicles moving within a 15-meter (45-foot) range the size of five parking spaces from behind to the left or right

15、 of the vehicle.当车辆倒出停车位时，十字交通协助将 警告驾驶员接近的车辆。十字交通协助利用 盲点检测系统的两个雷达传感器跟踪 15 米 范围内的车辆，大约 5 个停车位的空间，从 后面开始至左或右侧。The Lane Departure Warning system checks that the vehicle is in its lane byexamining the lane markings on the road. If the driver changes lanes without using the turn indicator, an alert signa

16、l warns the driver at speeds of more than 50 km/h. It is also effective while driving through corners and in darkness with the headlights on.车道偏离预警系统通过检测地面路标判 断车辆是否在车道内。如果驾驶员改变车道 没有打转向灯，警告将在超过 50 公里每小时 发出。在转向和黑暗状况下通过打开大灯起 效。Road Sign DetectionThe Road Sign Detection system reminds drivers of the spe

17、ed limit and other traffic instructions on the road while driving. A symbol in the shape of a road sign appears on a heads-up display or dashboard, showing different types of information such as the speed limit and when overtaking is and is not allowed. The system also recognizes supplementary signs

18、 activated during unique situations driving in wet conditions, for example and temporary restrictions such as through road works.道路标志检测系统提醒行驶在路上的驾 驶员限速和其他交通指示。交通标志将出现 在抬头显示器或者仪表盘上，显示不同类型 的信息，例如限速和禁止超车。该系统同样 可以在特殊的情况下识别被激活的补充标 志，比如驾驶在湿滑路面上，以及临时标识 比如前方道路施工。Light Source Recognition光源识别The Light Source

19、Recognition system ensures that drivers in oncoming vehicles are not accidentally blinded by headlights. It identifies oncoming vehicles from about 750 meters away and determines when headlights need to bePedestrian Detection“dipped. ” Headlights ar e raised automatically when there is no longer any

20、 risk of blinding an oncoming driver. The system works similarly when approaching another vehicle from behind, this time from about 450 meters away. The system will also recognize when the vehicle is being driven in areas with enough light, or if the vehicle speed is less than 30 km/h. During these

21、situations the headlights stay dipped automatically.光源识别系统可以确保来车驾驶员不被 大灯意外地闪花眼。它可以识别 750 米开外 的来车以及决定何时大灯需要“下倾”。当不 再有来车致盲危险时，大灯将被自动地提高。 该系统在从后面迫近前方车辆时也会类似动 作，这次的作用距离为 450 米。该系统在灯 光充足或者车速低于 30 公里每小时的情况 下也会起作用。在这些情况下大灯会自动下 倾。With the ability to observe and recognize movement patterns in people, the Ped

22、estrian Detection system warns the driver of pedestrians who might step onto the road ahead. The driver first receives an audible and/or visible warning on the dashboard or heads-up display. At the same time the cars brakes are put into“alert mode, ”making it easier for the driver to brake quickly.

23、If the driver does not react to the warning and an accident is about to happen, the system automatically applies full braking power.在具备发现和识别人体运动模式的能力 后，行人检测系统将在有行人要进入车道时 警告驾驶员。驾驶员首先收到声音以及可视 化警告，这个警告出现在仪表板或抬头显示器上。同时，汽车制动进入“戒备状态” ，是 制动更为敏捷。如果驾驶员没有对警告做出 回应，并且事故即将发生，该系统会自动提 供全制动力。Night Vision夜视The Night

24、 Vision system displays an image of the road scene ahead that headlights might not pick up. Using infrared technology the system analyzes the content of the scene while taking the vehicles motion into account. If a pedestrian is at risk of being hit, warnings are signaled with enough time for the dr

25、iver to react. The system can detect pedestrians up to two times farther than the typical headlight range.夜视系统显示前方大灯无法照亮的道路 情景。利用红外技术该系统分析道路情景并 且将车辆运动考虑在内。如果行人有被撞的 危险，警告将发送给驾驶员，并留有充足的 反应时间。这个系统可以侦测到常规大灯范 围两倍远的行人。被动安全 Passive SafetyAutoliv accounts for almost every major technological breakthrough wi

26、thin passive safety over the last 20 years.Autoliv 在过去的 20 年里参与了被动安全领域几乎所有的重大技术突破。The term “passive safety ” refers to products that protect occupants during a crash; primarily airbags and seatbelts.“被动安全”这个术语指在碰撞发生时保护乘员的装置；主要包括安全气囊和安全带。What happens in a crash? 碰撞时发生了什么？When a collision occurs, occu

27、pants not wearing seatbelts continue to move forward at the vehicles pre-crash speed until they make contact with the vehicles interior (the steering wheel, instrument panel, windscreen, etc.) Belted occupants come to a more gradual stop by being secured directly to the vehicles structure. In severe

28、 crashes, even properly belted occupants may come into contact with the vehicles interior.当碰撞发生时，乘员如果没有系安全带将以碰撞前车速撞向内饰(如方向盘、仪表 板、挡风玻璃等)。系安全带的乘员可以逐步地停下，受到汽车结构的直接保护。在严 重的碰撞事故中，甚至系安全带的乘员也可能撞向内饰。In severe crashes the seatbelt system can be enhanced with modern features such as pretensioners , that tight

29、en the belts in an event of a crash. Airbags supplement the seatbelt by reducing the chance that the occupants head and upper body will strike some part of the vehicles interior. By distributing crash forces more evenly across the occupants body they also help reduce the risk of serious injury.在严重的碰撞中安全带系统可以通过现代方法得以增强， 如加装预紧器可以在碰撞 时绷紧安全带。安全气囊可以提供额外保护，降低乘员头部和上身撞击内饰的机会。通 过分散对身体的撞击力，安全气囊可以减小严重伤害的可能。During a moderate to severe frontal crash an electric