中考二轮复习英语语法形容词解析

1、中考专题复习二轮形容词中考要求：形容词和副词的中考要求是：形容词改为副词(根据句子的需要)；形容词和副词的比较级和最高级；某些特殊变化的形容词和副词的比较级( little -less - least等)；形容 词的同级比较(as/ so . as.的用法)；形容词比较级的叠加句型(如： the more youstudy , the better you will get )(一)定义：说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词 的词叫形容词。(二)形容词的用法和在句中的位置1.作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词(something, anything, nothing, ever

2、ything) 之后。it，s acold and windy day.the beautiful girl is my sister.i have something important to tell you.would you like something hot to drink?()what a cough! you seem ill.a. terrible, terribly b. terribly, terrible c. terrible, terrible d. terribly, terribly () wait a minute, i have to tell you.a

3、. something interestedb. something interestingc. interesting somethingd. anything interesting【2013 绥化】一 how do you like the talk show?i think it s, but some people think it s so.a. wonderful enough; bored b. enough wonderful; boringc. wonderful enough; boring【2013 黔西南】 the old manis so lonely that h

4、e hopes to know about every day .a. special somethingb. special anythingc. something speciald. anything special2 .作表语，放在系动词之后。(look,feel,smell,sound ；)he looks happy today.our school is big and clean.i felt terrible this morning.()jim is at all his lessons. and im sure hell do very in the exams.a. w

5、ell, goodb. good, well c. well, well d. good, good()this egg smells, though it looks all right.a. good b. wellc. badd. badly3 .作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。i find it hard to travel around the big city.you must keep your eyesclosed.4 .某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。常见的形容词有：dood/ bad , rich/ poor, young/bad, deaf/ blind,bl

6、ack/ white,living/deadthe young should be polite to the old.the rich should hlep the poor.5 .表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。【注】在英语中，表示事物的长、宽、高、深等时，主要有两种表达方式：结构：“基数词 + 单位名词 + 形容词（long,wide,tall, deep 等）如果数词超过1,单位名词要用复数形式。【注】 单位词有： meter; foot; inch; kilogram 等yao ming is over 2 meters tall.the river is

7、50 meters wide.how long is the river? it s abouttwo hundred metres 10ng.6 .只能作表语的形容词：afraid； alone； asleep； awake； alive； well 健康的；ill； frightenedthe man is ill.（正）the 川 man is my uncle.（误）7 .只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的my elder brother is in beijing.（正）my brother is elde

8、r.（误）8 貌似副词的形容词：lonely; friendly; lively ; lovely（）the twins are together most of the time. so they never feel .a. alone b. lonely c. happily d. friendly（三）、形容词的排列顺序当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时，形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为：（限定词）一一般描绘性形容词一表示大小、长短、高低的形容词 一表示年 龄、新旧的形容词一表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词一表示物质、材料 的形容词一（名词）。县限官观行形令龄射色国才材there is

9、a famous fine old stone bridge near the village.（四）、有一些表示情感的表语形容词后可接动词不定式be +glad, happy, pleased+ to do sth.sorry, sad, sure, kindready, afraid, ableeasy, difficulti m very sad to hear the bad news.（五）常见名词变形容词的方法:名词构成方法意义举例表示天气的名词-y多.的cloud - cloudy wind- windy sun-sunny表示方位的名词-ern的方位west westernea

10、st -eastern表示称谓的名词-ly般的friend friendly表示时间的名词 表示物质的名词-ly-en每.的制成的week weeklyday -dailywood -wooden gold - golden表示情感的名词-ful-y-less的无的care-carefuluse -usefulluck-luckynoise- noisyhope- hopeless care-careless表示大洲和国家的 名词-n的的人asia 力sianamerica- american【2013 莆田】the internet is really to us . wecan easil

11、y find information on ita . boring b . useful c . interesting【2013 日照】 mary is so she comes to you whenever you re in trouble.a. usefulb. carefulc. thankfuld. helpful形容词的几个常用句型.2. 1. “it is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 表示； 对某人来说做某事是怎样的3. it is + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 意为： 某人做某事是怎样的。这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、

12、品质的形容词it is important tom to work on his fathers farm.it s very necessary students to listen to teachers carefully.it s very kind you to help me3.表示能力和意志的形容词，ready （乐意的，有准备的），able （有能力的），sure （一定），certain （一定） 等常接不定式。lei feng is always ready to help others.he is sure to get to school on time.ii、形容词的

13、比较级、最高级1.分类：形容词有原级,比较级（“更加/比较.的”），最高级（“最.的”）. 原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。（a）.规则变化：单音节和少数双音节形容词的规则变化.（1） .一般在形容词词尾直接加er构成比较级，直接加est构成最高级，tallftallerftallest,longlongerf longest, shortf shortest（2） .以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，只需加r构成比较级，加st构成最高级 nice nicerfnicest, finef finerffinest, large largerf largest（3） .以辅一元一辅

14、结尾的重读闭音节形容词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加er构成比较级，加est构成最高级，bigfbiggerf biggest,hotf hotterf hottest, re redder reddest()it was yesterday than today.a. hot b. hoter c. hotter d. the hottest（4） .以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，先把y变为i, 再加er构成比较级，加est构成最高级，bus尸 buierfbusiest, eas尸 easier easiest.(5)部分双音节形容词和多音节形容词在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most

15、构成最高级，tiringfmore tiring fmost tiring,relaxingf more relaxingfmost relaxing,beautifulfmore beautifulfmost beautiful（b）不规则变化原级比较级最twj级good好的better更好的best最好的well好;（身体）好的，bad,badly糟糕的糟糕地worse更糟糕的，更糟糕地； （身体）更小舒服的worst最糟糕的，最糟糕地； （身体）最不舒服的ill （身体）不舒服的many许多的（可数）more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多的（不口数）；非常little少的les

16、s更少的least最少的far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进,步的（地）furthest最深刻的（地）2.形容词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法： 一、原级的用法1 .只能修饰原级的词,very, quite, so, too,rather he is too tired to walk on.the weather looks rather bad.(天气看上去相当糟 )i am so happy!(我是如此的快乐) ()the girl was afraid she threw her bag away.a. so, thatb. too,

17、 to c. too, that d. enough, to()the two friends were pleased to see each other that they forgot everythinga. sob. tooc. veryd. much() lets go out for supper now. im very .a. hungry b. angry c. tired d. thirsty ()it is very to listen to him.a. interested b. interesting c. interested in d. interest 【2

18、013 泉州】what should we do to reduce food waste? in a restaurant only order as as we need and try to eat it up.a. much b. morec. most2.原级常用的句型结构句子使用原级的两大标志a 当句中含有 as (so)-as时，句子一般使用原级 .(肯定句中只能用 as,而否定句中可用 so或 as)(1) a= ba+ 谓语动词 + as +adj / adv的原级 + as +b 表示 a 和 b 一样”表示两者之间没有差别：tom is as old as kate.to

19、m is twice as old as kate.his english is as good as yours.()i dont think english is chinese.a. as important as b. not important as c. not so important d. important as 【2013 玉林】 liu ying is good at singing. she sings the famous singer, coco.a. as well as b. as good as c. as better as d. as the best a

20、s(2) a b- a +谓语动词 +not+as/so+形容词原级 +as+b 表示 a 不如 b”表示第一个人比不上第二个人：this room is not as/so big as that one.b.当形容词前含有 quite, so, too, very 等副词时、句子一般用原级、he is too tired to walk on.i am very hungry now, but i don t want to eat.二、形容词比较级的用法1 .可以修饰比较级的词.much, a lot, far,的多 a little , a bit,一点儿 even甚至，still 仍

21、然讲述两者有差异，第一个人物超过第二个人物时，用比较级。基本句型：a+谓语动词 +(much/a little/even/still)+ 形容词/副词比较级 +than+ b + .a modern train is much faster than a car.(现代的火车比轿车快多了)lesson one is much easier than lesson two.tom looks even younger than before.()you look than before , why?a. more thin b. more thinnerc. much more thind. m

22、uch thinner() things are worse than i thought.a. moreb. fewc. veryd. much【2013 北京】debbie is growing fast. she is even than her mother.a. tall b. tallerc. tallestd. the tallest2 .句子使用比较级的三大标志：a.当句中含有 than 一词时，句子一般使用比较级 ， 结构：“形容词比较级+than；”， 意为：”比更加”.tom is taller than kate.()i think chinese is than ma

23、ths.d. the most interestinga .interesting b.more interesting c. most interesting 【2013 营口】 what do you think of the price of gold in the world?nowadays it is getting muchthan before.a. low b. lower c. lowest d. the lowesb.当句中含有，a or b?时，句子一般使用比较级。which pen is newer, this one or that one?()which is ,

24、 li leis box or han meimeis box?a. heavy b. heavier c. more heavier d. the heaviestc.当句中含有 of the two (+n) 时，句子一般使用比较级。he is the younger of the two students【注】形容词比较级的修饰语1 .形容词比较级前可加 much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly 之类表示程度的状语： hes feeling much better today.2 .也可在比较级前 any, no, some, even, still这

25、类词： do you feel any better today?3 .比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：my sister is ten years younger than me.【注】 形容词比较级的特殊用法1 .the +形容词比较级., the +形容词比较级.，表示越.，就越.the more, the better!()she eats,shell be.a. more; fat b. the more; fatter c. more;the fatter d. the more;the fatter【2013 黔西南】 rememberthis , children . care

26、ful you are , mistakes you will make .we know , mr. li .a. the more; the moreb.the fewer; the morec. the more; the fewerd. the less; the less2 .”形容词比较级 + and +形容词比较级，表示越来越.its getting hotter and hotter.三.形容词最高级用法1 .句子使用最高级的四大标志：a. the + 最高级 + 比较范围(in/of+比较范围)he is the tallest of all the boysshe is t

27、he tallest student in our class.()of all these books, do you think, which one is ?a. interestingb. much interestingc. more interestingd. the most interesting【2013 成者。david is student in our class. nobody is taller than him.a.tallb. tallerc. the tallest【2013 漳州】do you know lin shuhao? yes. he is one

28、ofbasketball players in the nba.a. popular b. more popularc. the most popular【注】在句子中，形容词最高级前一般必须有定冠词the.当形容词的最高级前有物主代词或名词所有格时，就不再用定冠词thejim is my best friend.john s worse habit is getting up late.b.the +序数词+形容词的最高级+单数名词the yellow river is the second longest river in china .c. one of +the +形容词的最高级 +复

29、数名词 he is one of the cleverest students in our class.() the huang he river is one of in china.a. the long river b. the longest river c. the longest rivers d. the longer river d. “特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。which season do you like (the)best, spring, summer or autumn?()which subject do you l

30、ike , english chinese or maths?a. best b. well c. better d. good四.级别的转换1) .原级与比较级的转换a) .倍数+ as as 看数-1)+比较级+thanthis room is five times as big as that one =this room is bigger than that one .b) .not as -os比较级的转换a +not as as + b 也aw(反义词的比较级)+than +b 一 b+比较级 +than+amary is not as old as tom .= mary is

31、 tom. = tom ismary .this book is not as expensive as that one = this book is than that one =that book is than this one .2) .比较级与最高级的转换 a). the +r 高级 + of / in +any other + 单数名词 b).比较级+than+the other +复数名词+anyone elsei+any of the other+m 名c). nobody else + 比较级 + than tom is the tallest boy in our cla

32、ss.tom is taller than boy in our class.tom is taller than in our class.is taller than tom in our class.五.级别的惯用法1 . ”比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。he is getting taller and taller.2 . “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越,越”。the more careful you are， the fewer mistakes you ll make.3 .“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+”表示“甲是两者中较的”。(o

33、f the twins/parents )look at the two boys. my brother is the taller of the two.4 .当 adj 的最高级前有物主代词,名词所有格,指示代词时,不用the .this is my best book of all.5 .相比较的前后两部分必须是同类比较.my pencil is longer than (you).6 .比较时不能与自身相比注 : 当相比较的两者属于同一范围/类别时,为了与自身相比较, 要用 any other +单数名词 . 若两者不属于同一范围/类别时,不必用other ,直接用any + 单数名

34、词 .he is taller than boy in his class.he is taller than boy in our class .a.anyb.any other7 .有些含有比较级的句子里，常用that(单数、不可数名词)、those (复数名词)代替前面提到的词，以避免重复。the weather in beijing is colder than in guangzhou in winter.the boys in our class are more than in your class.练习题1. now the air in our home town is th

35、an it was before. something must bedone.a. much better b. more worse c. more better d. much worse2. -our holiday was.- yes. i ve never had.a. such great; a better oneb. greatly; a good onec. so great; a better oned. very good; the best one3. - why don t you ask tom to do it?-i don t know whether he

36、is to. he sometimes makes things worse.b. ablec. afraida. possible4. the coat i bought last week is too big for me. ia. smallb. largec. nicer5. why not make a kite yourself? you dona. anything special b. something special special something6. you eat butter, cream and chocolate, d. easy d like to change it for a oned. smallert need for it.c. specia