[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟533

1、专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟533专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟533专业八级分类模拟533PART LANGUAGE USAGE Now what began in Japan is happening globally. As David Brooks wrote in his New York Times column yesterday, fertility is on decline in 1much of the world, from Iran1.7 births per womanto Russia, which 2low fertility combines w

2、ith high death rates means the population is 3already shrinking. To Brooks, the world is facing with what the writer 4Phillip Longman has called the gray tsunamia moment the populationover 60 swamps those under 30. And that includes the US, which has longhad high birthrates than most developed natio

3、ns: 5 But even that is looking fragile. The 2010 census suggested that US population growth be decelerating faster than many expected. 6 However, its probably wrong to see this as a demographic 7 competition. American living standards will be hurt by an aging and lessdynamic world, even if the US do

4、es attract young workers. For decade, people took dynamism and economic growth for granted 8 and saw population growth as a problem. Now weve gone to the otherextreme, and its clear that young people are the scarce resource. In the 21stcentury, the US could be the slowly aging leader of a rapid agin

5、g world. 9 To Brooks this is a slow-motion disaster. Aging countries will face the burden of caring for large elderly populations without a large source of 10young workers to draw on. But heres the thing: a Centrum Silver world may have a silver lining for the planet.1.答案:declinethe考点 本题考查冠词的用法。解析 o

6、n the decline是固定搭配，表示“下跌，下降”，不能省略定冠词the。2.答案:whichwhere或者whichin考点 本题考查定语从句的用法。解析 此定语从句中缺少地点状语，即“在那些低出生率高死亡率的国家中”，因此要用关系副词where引导，或者在关系代词which前加介词in。3.答案:combinescombined考点 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。解析 low fertility是定语从句中的主语，means是谓语动词，combined with high death rates是主语的后置定语，fertility做为combine的受动者，需要用-ed分词表示被动含义。

7、4.答案:with/考点 本题考查及物动词的用法。解析 face是及物动词，可以直接和名词搭配使用，表示“面对”，无需用介词with。5.答案:highhigher考点 本题考查形容词比较级的用法。解析 本句的意思是“美国的出生率高于其他多数发达国家”，有表示“比较”的含义，需要形容词的比较级higher和than搭配使用。6.答案:beis考点 本题考查虚拟语气的误用。解析 动词suggest的宾语从句中是否用虚拟语气取决于它的含义，如果表示“建议”就必须用虚拟语气，如果表示“表明，表示”就用陈述语气。句中提到“在2010年的人口普查表明美国的人口增长率远低于多数人的期望值”，因此用陈述语气

8、更恰当。7.答案:HoweverBesides, Moreover考点 本题考查逻辑关系。解析 上文提到的“美国目前人口增长速度减缓”和下文所指的“不应该看作是美国和其他发达国家间人口增长的竞赛”，因为两者对今后世界的发展都有弊端，前后是顺接关系，而不是转折关系，所以用besides或moreover更恰当。8.答案:decadedecades考点 本题考查可数名词的用法。解析 decade是可数名词，表示“十年”，for decades表示“几十年，很多年”，应该用名词的复数形式。9.答案:rapidrapidly考点 本题考查词性辨析。解析 rapid是形容词，用来修饰名词；rapidly

9、是副词，可以用来修饰动词或动名词。此句中应该用副词rapidly修饰动名词aging。10.答案:sourceresource考点 本题考查名词辨析。解析 source表示“来源”；resource表示“(人力)资源”。本句提到“吸引大量的年轻人成为人力资源的储备”，因此用后者更适合。 Human vision like that of other primates has evolved in an arboreal environment. In the dense complex world of a tropical forest, it is more important to se

10、e as well than to develop an acute sense of smell. In the 11 course of evolution members of the primate line has acquired large 12 eyes while the snout has shrunk to give the eye an unimpeding view. 13 Of mammals only humans and some primates enjoy color vision. The red flag is black to the bull. Ho

11、rses live in a monochrome world. Light visible to human eyes, therefore, occupies only a very narrow band in the whole 14 electromagnetic spectrum. Ultraviolet rays are invisible to humans though ants and honeybees are insensitive to them. Humans have no direct perception 15 of infrared rays like th

12、e rattlesnake that has receptors tuned into 16 wavelengths longer than 0.7 micron. The world would look eerie different 17 if human eyes are sensitive to infrared radiation. Then instead of the darkness 18 of night, we would be able to move easily in a strange shadowless world where objects glowed w

13、ith varying degrees of intensity. But human eyes excel in other way. They are in fact remarkably discerning in color gradation. 19 The color sensitivity of normal human vision is rarely surpassed even 20 sophisticated technical devices. 11.答案:去掉well前的as解析 本题考查副词用法。该句意为：“在热带雨林中，好的视力比灵敏的嗅觉更重要。”well应作为

14、副词，修饰动词see，故去掉as。12.答案:hashave解析 本题考查主谓一致。该句主语是members，而不是primate line，所以谓语动词要用复数形式。13.答案: unimpedingunimpeded解析 本题考查非谓语动词。impede意为“阻止”，后面所修饰的名词view和impede间是典型的被动关系，所以应该使用过去分词。14.答案:thereforehowever解析 本题考查篇章逻辑。前文说到哺乳动物中只有人类和一部分灵长类动物有色彩辨别能力，其他哺乳动物都生活在单色的世界中。之后紧接着说人类也不能识别所有光线。可见两者之间是转折关系。15.答案:insensi

15、tivesensitive解析 本题考查篇章逻辑。上一句说人类也不能识别所有光线，此句举例说明紫外线就是人类不能识别的光线之一，而蚂蚁和蜜蜂对这种光线很_。两者之间有转折关系，也就是说蚂蚁和蜜蜂对这种光线很“敏感”，即“可以识别”这种光线。16.答案: likeunlike解析 本题考查篇章逻辑。根据上下文，此处意为“人类不能识别红外线，这点和响尾蛇不同，它们有自己特殊的感应器，可以识别波长长于0.7微米的光线”。故将like改为unlike。17.答案:eerieeerily解析 本题考查副词的用法。该词用来修饰后面的形容词different，故应为副词形式。eerily意为“怪诞地；奇异地

16、”。18.答案:arewere解析 本题考查虚拟条件句。此句是典型的表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，主句使用了“would+v”，从句应该用一般过去时。19.答案:wayways解析 本题考查名词单复数。other表示“另外的，其他的”，后面只能用名词复数形式。20.答案:在even后加by解析 本题考查动词语态。该句为被动语态，句末的短语sophisticated technical devices(精密的技术设备)是动作的发出者，故在其前面加上介词by。 A summary of the physical and chemical nature of life must begin, no

17、t on the Earth, but in the Sun; in fact, at the Suns very center. It is here which is to be found the source of the energy that the Sun constantly pours 21 out into space light and heat. This energy is librated at the center of 22 the Sun as billions upon billions of nuclei of hydrogen atoms collide

18、 with each other and fuse together to form nuclei of helium, and doing 23 so, release out some of the energy that is stored in the nuclei of atoms. 24 The output of light and heat of the Sun requires that some 600 million tons of hydrogen are converted into helium in the Sun every second. 25 This th

19、e Sun has been doing for several thousands of millions of years. The nuclear energy is released at the Suns center as high-energy gamma radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation like light and radio waves, only of very much short wavelength. This gamma radiation 26 is absorbed by atoms inside t

20、he Sun to be reemitted at slight longer 27 wavelengths. This radiation, in its turn is absorbed and reemitted. As the energy filters through the layers of the solar interior, it passes through the X-ray part of the spectrum eventually becoming light. At this stage, it has reached that we call the so

21、lar surface, and can escape into space 28 without being absorbed further by solar atoms. A very small fraction of the Suns light and heat are emitted in such directions that after 29 passing unhindering through interplanetary space, it hits the Earth. 30 21.答案:whichthat解析 本题考查强调句。此句应为强调句(被强调的是地点状语he

22、re)，而非定语从句，所以只能使用that。22.答案:在light前加as解析 本题考查介词的用法。该句意为“在这里可以发现太阳不断以光和热的形式发出的能量的来源”，所以light and heat前应该加上一个表示“以的形式”之意的介词as。23.答案:在doing前加in解析 本题考查介词的用法。in doing so是固定搭配，意为“这样一来”。24.答案:去掉out解析 本题考查动词的用法。release是及物动词，意为“泄漏，释放”，例如release the news，release gas。后接宾语时不需加介词。25.答案:arebe解析 本题考查虚拟语气。主句的谓语动词是re

23、quire，后面的宾语从句中应采用“should+动词原形”结构，表示虚拟语气，should可以省略。26.答案:shortshorter解析 本题考查形容词比较级。much后只能跟形容词比较级，不能跟形容词原形。27.答案:slightslightly解析 本题考查副词的用法。slight修饰后面的形容词longer，只能用其副词形式。28.答案:thatwhat解析 本题考查名词性从句。此处为宾语从句，且从句缺少主语，故不能用that，而应该用what。29.答案:areis解析 本题考查主谓一致。此处light and heat应作为一个整体看待，所以谓语动词要用单数形式。30.答案:u

24、nhinderingunhinderedly解析 本题考查非谓语动词。此处unhinder的逻辑主语是a very small fraction of the Suns light and heat，与unhinder之间应该是被动关系，故unhinder后面应该是-ed形式而不是-ing。此外，修饰动词passing应该用副词，故应改为unhinderedly。PART WRITING问题:1. 题目要求：Studying abroad is increasingly popular for students, with tens of thousands of Chinese high s

25、chool students going abroad for their education each year. Yet, there exists a debate among experts, families and schools on whether high school graduates should study overseas. Is it beneficial for high school students to study overseas? The following are opinions from different sides. Read the exc

26、erpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from different sides; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow, the above instruction

27、s may result in a loss of marks. Students Joe Roma of Ayusa: Everything from your exams to your host familys rules might be drastically different from what you are used to at home. Add a new language and customs to the mix, and suddenly everyday tasks can seem daunting. The reality of what it truly

28、means to fully immerse oneself in a culture that has very different values, communication styles, world views and language differences can be very challenging for a young person. Yvonne: The cost of living may be higher. If youre studying in a major city, in Western Europe, or in a country where the

29、 currency exchange rate is unfavorable to the dollar, the cost of living will be relatively high. Things such as food, rent, and the Internet will cost more than they do at borne, which means youll be paying even more out of pocket just by living overseas. You can find coupons through sites like Sum

30、oCoupon and other deals at your home-away-from-home, but be sure to overestimate your study abroad budget to make sure youll have enough money to get by. A Chinese student: Your education will be more meaningful. Its one thing to read about distant places in a textbook, its something else entirely t

31、o actually go there and learn about them in person. For instance, learning about the construction of the Great Wall of China from a history textbook simply cant compare to walking along the wall with a knowledgeable tour guide. To fully understand why other cultures are different, studying abroad pr

32、ograms allow you to go beyond the classroom and discover the context for yourself. Experts and teachers A Chinese expert: Studying overseas is deemed risky for youngsters normal development, and may not contribute significantly to their future career success. Also, it will most certainly put an inor

33、dinate financial burden on them and their families. A teacher from China: It is very important for high school students to study abroad. It gives them a more open approach to how other countries operate and they can learn something new theyve never learned before. There are so many benefits from stu

34、dying abroad that I dont even know where to begin. First and foremost, the students will be able to learn more about a certain group of people or culture. Ms. Zhang, a teacher from Shanghai: You will grow as a person. When you are studying in another country, you have a very unique situation. Youre

35、in an unfamiliar place that does things completely different than you used to. You will be able to experience a culture very different from your own, and you will be exposed to more different people and different ways of doing things. You will test habits and preconceived notions that you have held

36、all your life that you did not even know existed before you saw a whole group of people doing something totally different from what you used to. 答案:范文 My Views on High School Students Studying Abroad Recent decade witnesses an increasing number of high school students studying abroad, hoping to be i

37、mmersed in the exotic and enchanting foreign culture and have an easier access to distinguished foreign universities. However, there has been a hot debate over the benefits and downsides of high school students studying overseas. Many teachers arid high school students praise the experiences of stud

38、ying abroad as opening an entire new world to the students. Not only can the students be exposed to a totally different culture, but also they enjoy a rare opportunity to grow up mentally and psychologically. On the contrary, some others oppose this option, arguing that high school students are too young to manage a successful transition to the