现代分子生物学专业英语

1、现代分子生物学专业英语（绝密）分子生物学：molecular biology遗传学：genetics染色体：chromosomeDNA: deoxyribonucleic acidRNA: ribonucleic Acid蛋白质：protein半保留复制：semiconservative replication复制子:replicon复制起始点:origin复制终止点：terminus半不连续复制：semidiscontinuous replication前导链：leading strand模板链:template strand反义链:antisense strand后随链：lagging s

2、trandDNA解链酶:DNA helicaseSSB(单链结合蛋白)：single-strand binding proteinDNA拓扑异构酶：DNA topoisomerase引物：primer引发体：primosome启动子：promoter终止子：terminator强化子：enhancer内含子：intron外显子：exon引发酶：primaseDNA夹:DNA clampARS(自主复制序列)：autonomously replicating sequence错配修复:mismatch repair碱基切除:base-excisionDNA切割酶：DNA excinuclease

3、重组修复:recombinant repair光化物:photoproduct转座：transposition可移位因子：transposable element复合型转座子：composite transposon反向重复序列：inverted repeat正向重复序列：forward repeat自主性转座子：autonomous transposon激活:activate解离：dissociated转座酶：transposase解离酶：resolvaseSNP(单核苷酸多态性)：single nucleotide polymorphism转录：transcription转座：transp

4、osition翻译：translation信使RNA:messenger RNA模板识别：template recognition转录因子（TF）：transcription factor聚合酶全酶：holoenzyme编码区：coding region剪接过程：splicing编辑：editing起始密码子：initiation codon终止密码子：termination codon同义密码子:synonymous codon简并：degeneracy受体臂：acceptor arm错义突变：missense mutation核糖体蛋白质：ribosomal protein磷酸化:phos

5、phorylation糖基化:glycosylation甲基化:methylation乙酰化：acetylation分子伴侣：molecular chaperone热休克: heat shock信号肽：signal peptide前导肽：leader peptideNPC(核孔复合体)：nuclear pore complexNLS(核定位信号): nuclear localization signalNES（出核信号）:nuclear export signal泛素受体分子：ubiquitin receptor molecules限制性核酸内切酶：restriction endonuclea

6、se载体：vector琼脂糖:agarose多聚阴离子：polyanions转化：transformation感受态细胞：competent cell聚合酶链式反应(PCR):polymerase chain reaction基因片段：genomic定量：quantitative表观遗传学：epigenetics同源测序：sibling sequencingCDNA: complementary DNARACE(CDNA末端快速扩增法)：rapid amplification of CDNA end图位克隆法：map-based cloning蛋白质组学：proteome基因组：genome电

7、泳：electrophoresis等电聚焦：isoelectric focusingCID(诱导碰撞解离)：collision-induced dissociation基因定点突变：site-directed mutagenesis转录组： transriptome高通量测序：high-throughput sequencing原位杂交（ISH）：in situ hybridization荧光原位杂交(FISH):fluorescence in situ hybridization基因敲除：gene knock-outPNS(正负筛选)：positive-negative selection转

8、录激活结构域：transcription activation domain双杂交系统：two-hybrid system免疫共沉淀技术：co-immuno precipitationRNA干涉：RNA interference管家基因：housekeeping genes噬菌体：bacteriophage蛋白质免疫印迹:western blotting单克隆抗体：monoclonal antibody现代遗传学：reverse genetics负转录调控：negative transcription regulation阻遏蛋白：repressor激活蛋白：activator乳糖操纵子：lactose operon代谢阻遏效应:catabolite repression弱化作用：attenuation信号转导：signal transduction传感蛋白：sensor protein上游激活位点：upstream activator se