机械加工英语词库

1、第 1 章 切削加工基础知识1.1 切削加工概述切削 cutting;加工 machining;金属切削metal cutting (metal removal);金属切削工艺metal-removal process;金属工艺学technology of metals;机器制造 machine-building;机械加工machining;冷加工cold machining；热加工hot working;工件 workpiece;切屑 chip;常见的加工方法universal machining method;钻削 drilling;镗削 boring;车削 turning；磨削 grin

2、ding;铣削 milling;刨削 planning;插削 slotting ;锉 filing ;划线 lineation;錾切 carving;锯 sawing;刮削 facing;钻孔 boring;攻丝 tap;1.2 零件表面构成及成形方法1变形力deforming force;变形 deformation;几何形状geometrical;尺寸 dimension ;精度 precision;表面光洁度surface finish;共轭曲线conjugate curve;范成法generation method;轴 shaft;1.3 机床的切削运动及切削要素主运动main mov

3、ement;主运动方向direction of main movement;进给方向direction of feed;进给运动feed movement;合成进给运动 resultant movement of feed; 合成切削运动 resultant movement of cutting;合成切削运动方向direction of resultant movement of cutting ;切削速度cutting speed;传动 drive/transmission;切削用量cutting parameters;切削速度cutting speed;切削深度depth of cut;

4、进给速度feed force;切削功率cutting power;1.4 金属切削刀具合金工具钢 alloy tool steel;高速钢high-speed steel;硬质合金hard alloy;2易加工ease of manufacturing ;切削刀具cutting tool;刀具 cutter;车刀 lathe tool;主切削刃main cutting edge;副切削刃 assistantcutting edge;刀体 tool body ;刀柄 tool shank;前刀面rake face;主后刀面major flank;刀尖 nose of tool;主剖面系 tool

5、 orthogonal plane system;切削平面tool cutting edge plane;主剖面tool orthogonal plane;切削宽度width of the uncut chip;进给平面系 assumed working plane system; 加工表面 transient surface; 前角 rake angle;后角 clearance angle;主偏角tool cutting edge angle;刀尖角 nose angle;1.5 刀具切削过程及磨削机理塑性变形plastic distortion;微观组织，显微结构microstructu

6、re ;切削力 cutting force;切削温度cutting temperature;积屑瘤 built-up edge;刀尖磨损 nose wear;月牙洼 crater;残留应力 residual stress;3应力 stress;硬度 rigidity;磨削 grinding;砂轮 grinding wheel;磨粒 grain;剪切 shear;摩擦 friction;内力 internal force ;1.61.8 切削加工质量、材料的切削加工性、切削液的选择加工精度machining accuracy;表面质量surface finish;工艺性能 technologic

7、al performance;材料切削加工性指标machinability index of material;切削液cutting fluid ;切削油cutting oil;1.9 件的装夹及夹具定位梢dowel;定位 allocation;机床夹具jig;组装线 Assembly line;机械零件mechanical parts;钳工 locksmith；精加工finish machining;粗加工rough machining;气动夹紧pneuma-lock;同心，同心度 concentricity ;垂直度 perpendicular;基准 benchmark;4基准线refer

8、ence line;夹具 fixture;通用夹具universal fixture;专用夹具Fixture for special purpose;可调夹具 adjustable fixture;组合夹具modular fixture;工序 process;设计基准 designing datum;工艺基准datum features in process;1.10 金属切削机床机床 machine tool;机床运动motion of machine;机床型号machine tool model;机床加工精度 machining accuracy of machine tool; 车床 l

9、athe;普通车床 engine lathe;卧式车床 horizontal lathe;立式车床vertical lathe;钻床 drill press;镗床 boring machine;铣床 milling machine;磨床 grinder（grinding machine）;牛头刨床 shaper;龙门刨床 planer;插床 slotting machine（slotter）;第2章 常用加工方法综述及加工方案选择一、车削车削 turning;车刀 lathe tool ;5车床 lathe;普通车床 engine lathe;卧式车床 horizontal lathe;立式车

10、床vertical lathe;仿形车床duplicating lathe (copy lathe);转塔车床 turret lathe;细长轴long slender shaft纵向车削straight turning;锥体车削taper turning;仿形车削contour turning;端面车削facing;回转表面surface of revolution;平面 flat surface;圆面 round surface ;仿形表面 contoured surface ;退刀槽 recess ;卡盘 chuck;尾架 tailstock;床头箱，主轴箱headstock;销 pin

11、;卡箍 bar clasp;花盘 faceplate;主轴 spindle;二、钻削钻削 drilling;钻床 drill press;钻头 drill;锪孔 counter boring;内表面 internal surface ;铰孔、扩孔 reaming;6攻丝 tapping;孔加工spot facing machining;铰 ream;铰刀 reamer;盲孔 blind hole;麻花钻twist drill;埋头孔 countersink;锥柄 taper shank;三、镗削镗削 bore;镗床 boring machine;镗杆 boring bar ;纵向镗削 stra

12、ight boring;表面光洁度surface finish;卧式镗孔机 horizontal boring machine;四 、 铣削铣削 mill;铣床 milling machine ;铣刀 milling cutter;缝 Slot ;槽 groove;平面 flat surface;圆面 round surface ;仿形表面 contoured surface;周铣 Peripheral milling ;端铣 face milling; multi model miller;靠模铣床 ; copy milling machine;仿形铣床; contouring machin

13、e;7五、磨削磨削 grinding;磨床 grinder（grinding machine）;外圆磨削external grinding;内圆磨削 internal grinding(cylindrical grinding); 平面磨削 plane grinding abrasive;外圆磨床 cylindrical grinding machine;平面磨床 surface grinder;外圆磨床 cylindrical grinding machine ;内圆磨床 internal cylindrical machine;成形磨床 form grinding machine;仿形磨床

14、 copy grinding machine ;万能工具磨床 universal tool grinding machine;六、拉削拉削 broaching;拉床 broaching machine;拉刀 broaching tool;外表面拉削external surface broaching;内表面拉削 internal surface broaching;多功能机床multifunction machine;多齿刀具multitooth tool;切屑槽chip gullet;七、刨削刨削 planning;牛头刨床 shaper;龙门刨床 planer;龙门刨削planning;旋

15、臂刨床radial drilling machine ;仿形刨床 copy shaping machine;8八、 齿轮加工齿轮加工 gear machining;齿轮 gear;滚齿 gear hobbing;滚齿刀hobbing cutter;直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear;斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear;直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear ;齿轮齿条pinion and rack;蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear;九、螺纹加工螺纹加工 thread machining;螺纹切削 thread cutting;攻丝

16、 tapping;丝锥 tap;板牙 die;螺钉 screw;标准件standard component;位移 displacement ;截面 section;十、光整加工光整加工micro finishing;研磨mull (lapping);研磨剂 lapping compound;研磨膏 paste;研磨机床 lapping machine抛光polishing ;抛光膏buffing cream;9抛光轮polishing wheel;抛光机polisher ;珩磨 honing ;珩磨轮honing wheel;珩磨机床 honing machine;超精加工机床superfin

17、ishing machine;超精加工superfinish;第3章 机械加工工艺过程机械加工工艺过程machining process;工步 step of an operation;工位 work station;工序 process;工艺文件 manufacturing process document; 工艺卡片 technological card; 工艺规程 process plan;机械加工工艺卡machining process sheet;工艺设计technological design;设计基准designing datum;工艺基准datum features in pr

18、ocess;基准重合consistency of datum feature;基面统一原则unified datum principle;机械加工工序卡 machining operation sheet; 工艺过程设计 process planning; 工艺路线 process route;工艺过程卡 process sheet;产品规格 product specification;产品用途 product use;产品责任 product liability;生产线 production line;生产进度计划 production schedule;10生产率 productivity

19、;批量生产 batch production;第4章 切削加工零件结构工艺性切削 cutting;加工 machining;工件 workpiece;零件 part;毛坯 rough;工艺性能processing property;装配结构的合理性 rationality of assembly structure; 零件结构合理性 rationality of detail structure; 标准化 standardization;第 5 章 先进制造技术先进制造技术 Advanced Manufacturing Technology;信息技术 information Technolog

20、y;产品 product;设计 design；加工 machining;检测 check;管理 manage;销售 sell;使用 use;服务 serve;回收 reclaim;计算机集成制造系统Computer Integrated ManufacturingSystem（ CIMS ）;智能制造系统 Intelligent Manufacturing System (IMS); 精密工程 precise engineering; 成组技术 group technology;11方式（法） methodology;柔性制造系统 Flexible Manufacturing System（F

21、MS）;数控机床 numerically controlled machine tool; 加工中心 Machining Center（MC ）;计算机数字控制computerized numerical control(CNC);自动换刀装置 automatic tool changer（ATC）;直接数字控制 Direct numerical control（DNC ）;分布式数字控制 Distributed numerical control（DNC ）;群控 DNC;单机自动化 stand-alone automatization ;自动机床 Automatic machine;组合机

22、床combination machine;专用机床 special machine;NC 钻床 NC drilling machine ;NC 磨床 NC grinding machine;NC 车床 NC lathe ;卧式加工制造中心horizontal machine center;立式加工制造中心vertical machine center;车间 shop floor;库存 inventory;工艺 process;分类 classification;编码系统 coding system;零件外型 part configuration;工艺规划 process planning;单元

23、式制造 cellular manufacturing;小车维修站 Cart maintenance station;零件清洗站 Parts wash station;装卸站 Unload station;回收系统 Recovery system;12小车转弯站Cart turnaround station；集成化 integration ;协调 tradeoff;成族零件 family-of-part;换刀装置 Tool changer;机床控制装置 machine control unit;组装线Assembly line;第 6 章 先进制造运行模式先进制造运行模式Advanced Man

24、ufacturing Operation Model;计算机集成制造系统Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems（ CIMS ）;精益生产 (LP 亦称精良生产 )Lean Production; 敏捷制造 Agile Manufacturing （AM ）;绿色制造 Green Manufacturing;计算机辅助设计Computer Aided Design(CAD);计算机辅助制造Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM);计算机辅助工艺过程设计Computer Aided process planning(CAPP);

25、物料需求计划 Material Requirements Planning（MRP）;计算机辅助教育 Computer Aided Education (CAE); 虚拟制造 Virtual Manufacturing(VM); 并行工程 Concurrent Engineering (CE);面向装配的设计Design For Assembly(DFA);面向制造的设计Design For Manufacturing(DFM);第 7 章 特种加工特种加工（ NTM ）Nontraditional Manufacturing;一、电火花加工电火花加工 spark-erosion machin

26、ing;13电火花线切割加工 electrical discharge wire cutting; 电火花穿孔 spark-erosion drilling; 电火花雕刻 spark-erosion carving;二、电解加工电解加工 Electrolytic machining;三、超声波加工超声波加工Ultrasonic machining;变幅杆 Transducer nose ;铜垫圈 Copper washer;放大刀具夹持器Amplifying tool holder ;超声波振动 Ultrasonic vibration;银钎焊 Sliver braze;仿形刀具Shaped

27、tool;蜡焊缝 Wax weld ;支持材料 Backup material;磨料悬浮液 Abrasive slurry;吸入管 Suction line ;四、激光加工激光加工 Laser processing;激光束加工 Laser beam machining ;激光切割laser cutting ;激光打孔laser drilling;激光焊接laser welding;金属切削metal cutting机床 machine tool金属工艺学technology of metals刀具 cutter14摩擦 friction联结 link传动 drive/transmission轴

28、 shaft弹性 elasticity误差 error响应 response定位 allocation机床夹具jig拉伸 pulling压缩 hitting剪切 shear扭转 twist强度 intensity精度 precision正弦形的sinusoid交流电路AC circuit机械加工余量machining allowance硬度 rigidity反馈 feedback外圆磨削external grinding内圆磨削internal grinding平面磨削plane grinding变速箱 gearbox离合器 clutch绞孔 fraising绞刀 reamer螺纹加工thre

29、ad processing螺钉 screw铣削 mill铣刀 milling cutter功率 power工件 workpiece主运动 main movement主运动方向direction of main movement进给方向direction of feed进给运动feed movement15切削深度cutting depth前刀面 rake face刀尖 nose of tool前角 rake angle后角 clearance angle主轴 spindle主轴箱 headstock卡盘 chuck加工中心machining center车刀 lathe tool车床 lath

30、e钻削镗削 bore车削 turning磨床 grinder基准 benchmark钳工 locksmith装配 assembling铸造 found加工 machining液压 hydraulic pressure介质 medium阀门 valve载荷 load应力 stress螺纹 thread螺旋 helix键 spline销 pin滚动轴承rolling bearing滑动轴承sliding bearing弹簧 spring联轴器 coupling链 chain皮带 strap精加工 finish machining粗加工 rough machining16变速箱体gearbox casing腐蚀 rust磨损 wear耐用度 durability挡板 orifice plate残余应力residual stress套筒 sleeve扭力 torsion过盈配合interference fit倒角 rounding chamfer伺服电机actuating motor铣床 milling machine钻床 drill machine镗床 boring machine步进电机stepper motor丝杠 screw rod导轨 lead rail组件 subassembly电火花加工ele