机械工程材料试题(答案)

LEARNGENERALSECRETARYON“TWOTOLEARNA“STRENGTHENING“FOURCONSCIOUSNESSES“IMPORTANTSPEECHCAUSEDASTRONGREACTIONINTHECOUNTRYTIME,WATCHING“REDTREASURE“,THEORIGINOFBUILDINGTHEPARTYBACKTOPOWER,HOWTOSTRENGTHENSERVICESFORTHEMASSES,IMPROVEPARTYCOHESION,FIGHTINGTOBECOMETHEGRASSROOTSPARTYMEMBERSANDMASSESHOTTOPICGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONS“TWO“ISTOSTRENGTHENTHESERVICEOFPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES,THEPIONEERSPIRITDISTRIBUTIONOFGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONSINALLWALKSOFPEOPLE,CLOTHING,SHELTER,WHICHBELONGSTOTHENERVEENDINGSOFTHEPARTYORGANIZATIONANDCOMMENTSREPUTATIONHASADIRECTPERCEPTIONOFTHEMASSESSTRENGTHENTHEPARTYAHEADOFTHE“PEDAL“SPIRITSTRENGTHENTHEPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES“SUCCESSDOESNOTHAVETOBEME“AND“THEFIRSTTOBEARHARDSHIPS,THELASTTO“SERVICESPIRITTOSETTHEPARTYSPOSITIVEIMAGEAMONGTHEPEOPLEISIMPORTANTGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONS“TWO“ISTOCLEANSEALLPEOPLENOTHAPPYNOTTOSEE“STEREOTYPES“,ESTABLISHTHEHONESTFAITHFUL,DILIGENTFAITHFORTHEPEOPLENONEEDTOAVOIDMENTIONINGTHAT,SOMEMEMBERSOFOURPARTYCANNOTSTANDTHE“MONEY,“CORROSIONOFTEMPTATION,THIN,XUZHOU,SUCHABUSEANDCORRUPTBRIBERY,MALFEASANCEBORERS,ANDRATSTWO,ISTOCLEANUP,THIN,XU,ZHOUSSOLUTIONTORESTORETHEPARTYSFRESHANDNATURAL,SOLIDANDHONESTWORKSTYLECLEANSING“TAKE,EAT,CARD,“UNDESIRABLEANDBEHAVIOUR,“CROSS,HARDANDCOLD,PUSH“ATTITUDEGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONS“TWO“ISTOSTRENGTHENTHESENSEOFORDINARYPARTYMEMBERS,PARTICIPATINGINCONSCIOUSNESS,UNITYCONSCIOUSNESSFORREASONSKNOWN,MEMBERSOFGRASSROOTSPARTYBRANCHESLESSMOBILE,LESSRESOURCES,ANDTHECONSTRUCTIONOFPARTYORGANIZATIONSHAVESOMELAGTWOSTUDIES,ISTOFOCUSONTHEGRASSROOTSPARTYBRANCHES“LOOSE,SOFT,LOOSE“PROBLEM,ADVANCETHEPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES,“AGANGWORKING“,“HONGKONGREPORT“STRONGCLEANUPACTIONS,STYLEANDRAMBLING,PRESUMPTUOUS“UNQUALIFIED“PARTYMEMBERS,PAYSSPECIALATTENTIONTOPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES“JOININGPARTYOFTHOUGHT“PROBLEM“PARTYBUILDING“ISOBTAINEDINTHELONGTERMDEVELOPMENTOFOURPARTYSHISTORICALEXPERIENCEACCUMULATEDTWOISOURPARTYUNDERTHENEWHISTORICALCONDITIONS,STRENGTHENTHEPARTYSCONSTRUCTIONOFANEW“RECTIFICATIONMOVEMENT“GRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONSSHOULDALWAYSCATCHTHEHARDWORK,RESULTSORIENTEDTWOEDUCATIONALOUTCOMESARELONGTERMORIENTEDANDBECOMEANIMPORTANTIMPETUSFORTHEWORK“TWO“SHOULDHAVETHREEKINDSOFCONSCIOUSNESS“TWO“STUDYANDEDUCATION,BASICLEARNINGLIESINTHEDOINGONLYTHECONSTITUTIONADDRESSTHESERIESOFPARTYRULES,ANDDOSOLIDWORK,BEQUALIFIEDPARTYMEMBERSHADASOLIDIDEOLOGICALBASISONLYTHE“LEARNING“AND“DO“REALUNITY,TOFORMA“LEARNLEARNDODO“THEVIRTUOUSCYCLE,ANDULTIMATELYACHIEVETHEFUNDAMENTALOBJECTIVEOFEDUCATIONTHISREQUIRESTHATTHEORGANIZATIONLEARNINGEDUCATION,NEEDTHREEKINDSOFCONSCIOUSNESSONEISTOESTABLISHANINTEGRATEDAWARENESS“LEARNING“AND“DO“WHATCARISTWOWHEEL,BIRDWINGS,NEEDTOGOHANDINHAND,ONEENDCANBENEGLECTEDCOMMUNISTTHEORETICIANANDMANONLYBYCLOSELYCOMBININGTHEORYANDPRACTICETOGETHERINORDERTOTRULYREALIZETHEIRVALUE“LEARNING“ISTHEFOUNDATION,THEFOUNDATIONISNOTSTRONG,SHAKING“ISTHEKEYTONETTONETTHOUSANDSOFACCOUNTS“TWO“EDUCATION,“LAYTHEBASIS,GOINGTO“DO“THEKEYGRIP,SOTHATTHE“LEARNING“AND“DOING“BACKTOSTANDARD,SOTHATTHEMAJORITYOFPARTYMEMBERS“LEARN“LEARNINGTHEORYOFNUTRIENTS,INTHE“DOING“PRACTICEPARTYSPURPOSESSECOND,TOESTABLISHASENSEOFDEPTH“LEARNING“AND“DO“NOTCHUDRAWN,ENTIRELYDIFFERENT,BUTTHEORGANICUNITYOFTHEWHOLE“TWO“LEARNINGEDUCATION,WENEEDTOEXPLOREINTEGRATING“LEARNING“IN“DO“,EXHIBIT“DO“IN“SCIENCE“TOAVOIDTHE“LEARNING“INTOSIMPLEROOMINSTRUCTION,“DO“INTOAMONOTONEFORDOINGSHOULDEXPLORATION“LEARN“INTHEHAS“DO“,“DO“INTHEHAS“LEARN“OFEDUCATIONANDPRACTICEOFCARRIER,MAKESGENERALGRASSROOTSMEMBERSCANIN“LEARN“INTHEHAS“DO“OFACHIEVEMENTSSENSE,IN“DO“INTHEHAS“LEARN“OFGETSENSE,REALMAKESPARTYOFTHEORYBRAININTOHEART,PUTFORPEOPLESERVICECONCEPTOUTSIDEOFYUSHAPEDTHIRD,TOADHERETOLONGTERMTHEAWARENESSSTYLECONSTRUCTIONONTHEROADFOREVER,“TWO“HADTOCATCHTHELONGTERM“TWO“STUDYANDEDUCATION,BYNOMEANS,ASSAULTSTYLEWINDSPORT,BUTTHERECURRENTEDUCATIONWITHINTHEPARTYINRECENTYEARS,THEPARTYSMASSLINEEDUCATIONPRACTICEAND“THREETHREE“SPECIALEDUCATIONINGRASSROOTSBORNERICHFRUITS,VASTNUMBERSOFPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRESWITHSTOODTHEBAPTISMOFTHESPIRIT“TWO“GREATERNEEDTOFOCUSONLONGERHOLDLONGTERM,TOESTABLISHANDPERFECTTHEEFFECTIVEMECHANISMOFTHEEDUCATION,FOCUSINGONTHECREATIONOFLONGTERMEDUCATION,STRIVETOMAKETHEVASTNUMBEROFPARTYMEMBERSTOMAINTAINTHEIRVANGUARDCOLOR,MAINTAINTHEPARTYSADVANCEDNATUREANDPURITYAWARENESSRAISING,ANTENNASANDATMOSPHEREADISCUSSIONONHOWLEADINGCADRESOFPARTYMEMBERS“TWO“CURRENT,“TWO“ACTIVITYISINFULLSWINGUPANDDOWNTHECOUNTRY,PARTYCADRESASA“KEYMINORITY“ISBOTHABAROMETERANDIMPETUSTHE“TWO“MEANINGENOUGHDEEP,ISTODETERMINETHEPARTYCADRESCANRESOLVETOSTUDYHARDFIRSTINTHE“TWO“INTHEPROCESS,SOMECADRESOFHIMSELF,STANDINGLONG,HIGHAWARENESS,THATCONSTITUTIONPARTYRULESISSIMPLE,ITSNOTWORTHBOTHERINGSOMEPARTYCADRESTHINKSPEAKSERIESHASNOTHINGTODOWITHTHEGRASSROOTSWORK,WATERBUSINESSLEARNINGSERIESOFSPEECHESSEENASWINDOWDRESSINGTHESE“LAZY,CASUAL,ANDDECADENT“IDEASLEARNINGLACKSMOTIVATION,ASERIOUSIMPEDIMENTTO“TWO“EFFECTJOHNSTUARTMILLONCESAID,ONLYABASICELEMENTOFHUMANTHOUGHTPATTERNSCHANGEDRAMATICALLY,HUMANDESTINYCANMAKEGREATIMPROVEMENTTHESAME,ONLYPARTYMEMBERSAND机械工程材料试题一、名词解释（共15分，每小题3分）1奥氏体（A）2回复3固溶体4自然时效5加工硬化二、填空题（共20分，每空1分）1石墨为片状的灰口铸铁称为铸铁，石墨为团絮状的灰口铸铁称为_铸铁，石墨为球状的灰口铸铁称为铸铁。其中铸铁的韧性最高，因而可以锻造。2陶瓷材料中的气相是指，在程中形成的，它了陶瓷的强度。3根据采用的渗碳剂的不同，将渗碳分为_、_和_三种。4工程中常用的特殊性能钢有_、_、_等。5金属的断裂形式有_和_两种。6金属元素在钢中形成的碳化物可分为_、_两类。7常见的金属晶体结构有_、_和_三种。三、选择题（共25分，每小题1分）140钢钢锭在1000左右轧制，有时会发生开裂，最可能的原因是A温度过低；B温度过高；C钢锭含磷量过高；D钢锭含硫量过高2下列碳钢中，淬透性最高的是A20钢；B40钢；CT8钢；DT12钢3NI在1CR18NI9TI钢中的主要作用是A提高淬透性；B固溶强化；C扩大FEFE3C相图中的相区；D细化晶粒；4W18CR4V钢锻造后，在机械加工之前应进行A完全退火；B球化退火；C去应力退火；D再结晶退火5下列材料中，最适合制造机床床身的是A40钢；BT12钢；CHT300；DKTH300066下列材料中，最适合制造气轮机叶片的是A1CR13钢；B1CR17钢；C3CR13钢；D4CR13钢7下列材料中，最适合制造飞机蒙皮的是AZALSI12；B2A50旧牌号LD5；CZALMG10；D2A12旧牌号LY128下列材料中，最适合制造盛放氢氟酸容器的是A1CR17；B1CR18NI9TI；C聚四氟乙烯；DSIO29下列材料中，最适合制造汽车板弹簧的是A60SI2MN；B5CRNIMO；CCR12MOV；DGCR1510下列材料中，最适合制造汽车火花塞绝缘体的是AAL2O3；B聚苯乙烯；C聚丙烯；D饱和聚酯11铜只有通过冷加工并经随后加热才能使晶粒细化，而铁则不需冷加工，只需加热到一定温度即使晶粒细化，其原因是A铁总是存在加工硬化，而铜没有；B铜有加工硬化现象，而铁没有；C铁在固态下有同素异构转变；而铜没有D铁和铜的再结晶温度不同12常用不锈钢有铁素体不锈钢、奥氏体不锈钢、马氏体不锈钢和A铁素体奥氏体不锈钢；B马氏体奥氏体不锈钢；C莱氏体不锈钢；D贝氏体不锈钢13以下哪种铸铁的断口呈灰黑色LEARNGENERALSECRETARYON“TWOTOLEARNA“STRENGTHENING“FOURCONSCIOUSNESSES“IMPORTANTSPEECHCAUSEDASTRONGREACTIONINTHECOUNTRYTIME,WATCHING“REDTREASURE“,THEORIGINOFBUILDINGTHEPARTYBACKTOPOWER,HOWTOSTRENGTHENSERVICESFORTHEMASSES,IMPROVEPARTYCOHESION,FIGHTINGTOBECOMETHEGRASSROOTSPARTYMEMBERSANDMASSESHOTTOPICGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONS“TWO“ISTOSTRENGTHENTHESERVICEOFPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES,THEPIONEERSPIRITDISTRIBUTIONOFGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONSINALLWALKSOFPEOPLE,CLOTHING,SHELTER,WHICHBELONGSTOTHENERVEENDINGSOFTHEPARTYORGANIZATIONANDCOMMENTSREPUTATIONHASADIRECTPERCEPTIONOFTHEMASSESSTRENGTHENTHEPARTYAHEADOFTHE“PEDAL“SPIRITSTRENGTHENTHEPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES“SUCCESSDOESNOTHAVETOBEME“AND“THEFIRSTTOBEARHARDSHIPS,THELASTTO“SERVICESPIRITTOSETTHEPARTYSPOSITIVEIMAGEAMONGTHEPEOPLEISIMPORTANTGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONS“TWO“ISTOCLEANSEALLPEOPLENOTHAPPYNOTTOSEE“STEREOTYPES“,ESTABLISHTHEHONESTFAITHFUL,DILIGENTFAITHFORTHEPEOPLENONEEDTOAVOIDMENTIONINGTHAT,SOMEMEMBERSOFOURPARTYCANNOTSTANDTHE“MONEY,“CORROSIONOFTEMPTATION,THIN,XUZHOU,SUCHABUSEANDCORRUPTBRIBERY,MALFEASANCEBORERS,ANDRATSTWO,ISTOCLEANUP,THIN,XU,ZHOUSSOLUTIONTORESTORETHEPARTYSFRESHANDNATURAL,SOLIDANDHONESTWORKSTYLECLEANSING“TAKE,EAT,CARD,“UNDESIRABLEANDBEHAVIOUR,“CROSS,HARDANDCOLD,PUSH“ATTITUDEGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONS“TWO“ISTOSTRENGTHENTHESENSEOFORDINARYPARTYMEMBERS,PARTICIPATINGINCONSCIOUSNESS,UNITYCONSCIOUSNESSFORREASONSKNOWN,MEMBERSOFGRASSROOTSPARTYBRANCHESLESSMOBILE,LESSRESOURCES,ANDTHECONSTRUCTIONOFPARTYORGANIZATIONSHAVESOMELAGTWOSTUDIES,ISTOFOCUSONTHEGRASSROOTSPARTYBRANCHES“LOOSE,SOFT,LOOSE“PROBLEM,ADVANCETHEPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES,“AGANGWORKING“,“HONGKONGREPORT“STRONGCLEANUPACTIONS,STYLEANDRAMBLING,PRESUMPTUOUS“UNQUALIFIED“PARTYMEMBERS,PAYSSPECIALATTENTIONTOPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES“JOININGPARTYOFTHOUGHT“PROBLEM“PARTYBUILDING“ISOBTAINEDINTHELONGTERMDEVELOPMENTOFOURPARTYSHISTORICALEXPERIENCEACCUMULATEDTWOISOURPARTYUNDERTHENEWHISTORICALCONDITIONS,STRENGTHENTHEPARTYSCONSTRUCTIONOFANEW“RECTIFICATIONMOVEMENT“GRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONSSHOULDALWAYSCATCHTHEHARDWORK,RESULTSORIENTEDTWOEDUCATIONALOUTCOMESARELONGTERMORIENTEDANDBECOMEANIMPORTANTIMPETUSFORTHEWORK“TWO“SHOULDHAVETHREEKINDSOFCONSCIOUSNESS“TWO“STUDYANDEDUCATION,BASICLEARNINGLIESINTHEDOINGONLYTHECONSTITUTIONADDRESSTHESERIESOFPARTYRULES,ANDDOSOLIDWORK,BEQUALIFIEDPARTYMEMBERSHADASOLIDIDEOLOGICALBASISONLYTHE“LEARNING“AND“DO“REALUNITY,TOFORMA“LEARNLEARNDODO“THEVIRTUOUSCYCLE,ANDULTIMATELYACHIEVETHEFUNDAMENTALOBJECTIVEOFEDUCATIONTHISREQUIRESTHATTHEORGANIZATIONLEARNINGEDUCATION,NEEDTHREEKINDSOFCONSCIOUSNESSONEISTOESTABLISHANINTEGRATEDAWARENESS“LEARNING“AND“DO“WHATCARISTWOWHEEL,BIRDWINGS,NEEDTOGOHANDINHAND,ONEENDCANBENEGLECTEDCOMMUNISTTHEORETICIANANDMANONLYBYCLOSELYCOMBININGTHEORYANDPRACTICETOGETHERINORDERTOTRULYREALIZETHEIRVALUE“LEARNING“ISTHEFOUNDATION,THEFOUNDATIONISNOTSTRONG,SHAKING“ISTHEKEYTONETTONETTHOUSANDSOFACCOUNTS“TWO“EDUCATION,“LAYTHEBASIS,GOINGTO“DO“THEKEYGRIP,SOTHATTHE“LEARNING“AND“DOING“BACKTOSTANDARD,SOTHATTHEMAJORITYOFPARTYMEMBERS“LEARN“LEARNINGTHEORYOFNUTRIENTS,INTHE“DOING“PRACTICEPARTYSPURPOSESSECOND,TOESTABLISHASENSEOFDEPTH“LEARNING“AND“DO“NOTCHUDRAWN,ENTIRELYDIFFERENT,BUTTHEORGANICUNITYOFTHEWHOLE“TWO“LEARNINGEDUCATION,WENEEDTOEXPLOREINTEGRATING“LEARNING“IN“DO“,EXHIBIT“DO“IN“SCIENCE“TOAVOIDTHE“LEARNING“INTOSIMPLEROOMINSTRUCTION,“DO“INTOAMONOTONEFORDOINGSHOULDEXPLORATION“LEARN“INTHEHAS“DO“,“DO“INTHEHAS“LEARN“OFEDUCATIONANDPRACTICEOFCARRIER,MAKESGENERALGRASSROOTSMEMBERSCANIN“LEARN“INTHEHAS“DO“OFACHIEVEMENTSSENSE,IN“DO“INTHEHAS“LEARN“OFGETSENSE,REALMAKESPARTYOFTHEORYBRAININTOHEART,PUTFORPEOPLESERVICECONCEPTOUTSIDEOFYUSHAPEDTHIRD,TOADHERETOLONGTERMTHEAWARENESSSTYLECONSTRUCTIONONTHEROADFOREVER,“TWO“HADTOCATCHTHELONGTERM“TWO“STUDYANDEDUCATION,BYNOMEANS,ASSAULTSTYLEWINDSPORT,BUTTHERECURRENTEDUCATIONWITHINTHEPARTYINRECENTYEARS,THEPARTYSMASSLINEEDUCATIONPRACTICEAND“THREETHREE“SPECIALEDUCATIONINGRASSROOTSBORNERICHFRUITS,VASTNUMBERSOFPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRESWITHSTOODTHEBAPTISMOFTHESPIRIT“TWO“GREATERNEEDTOFOCUSONLONGERHOLDLONGTERM,TOESTABLISHANDPERFECTTHEEFFECTIVEMECHANISMOFTHEEDUCATION,FOCUSINGONTHECREATIONOFLONGTERMEDUCATION,STRIVETOMAKETHEVASTNUMBEROFPARTYMEMBERSTOMAINTAINTHEIRVANGUARDCOLOR,MAINTAINTHEPARTYSADVANCEDNATUREANDPURITYAWARENESSRAISING,ANTENNASANDATMOSPHEREADISCUSSIONONHOWLEADINGCADRESOFPARTYMEMBERS“TWO“CURRENT,“TWO“ACTIVITYISINFULLSWINGUPANDDOWNTHECOUNTRY,PARTYCADRESASA“KEYMINORITY“ISBOTHABAROMETERANDIMPETUSTHE“TWO“MEANINGENOUGHDEEP,ISTODETERMINETHEPARTYCADRESCANRESOLVETOSTUDYHARDFIRSTINTHE“TWO“INTHEPROCESS,SOMECADRESOFHIMSELF,STANDINGLONG,HIGHAWARENESS,THATCONSTITUTIONPARTYRULESISSIMPLE,ITSNOTWORTHBOTHERINGSOMEPARTYCADRESTHINKSPEAKSERIESHASNOTHINGTODOWITHTHEGRASSROOTSWORK,WATERBUSINESSLEARNINGSERIESOFSPEECHESSEENASWINDOWDRESSINGTHESE“LAZY,CASUAL,ANDDECADENT“IDEASLEARNINGLACKSMOTIVATION,ASERIOUSIMPEDIMENTTO“TWO“EFFECTJOHNSTUARTMILLONCESAID,ONLYABASICELEMENTOFHUMANTHOUGHTPATTERNSCHANGEDRAMATICALLY,HUMANDESTINYCANMAKEGREATIMPROVEMENTTHESAME,ONLYPARTYMEMBERSANDA马口铁；B白口铸铁；C麻口铸铁；D灰铸铁14用于制造渗碳零件的钢称为。A结构钢；B合金钢；C渗碳钢；D工具钢15马氏体组织有两种形态。A板条、树状；B板条、针状；C树状、针状；D索状、树状16实际生产中，金属冷却时。A理论结晶温度总是低于实际结晶温度；B理论结晶温度总是等于实际结晶温度；C理论结晶温度总是大于实际结晶温度；D实际结晶温度和理论结晶温度没有关系17零件渗碳后，一般需经过才能达到表面硬度高而且耐磨的目的。A淬火低温回火；B正火；C调质；D淬火高温回火18C曲线右移使淬火临界冷却速度，淬透性。A减小、增大；B减小、减小；C增大、减小；D增大、增大19机械制造中，T10钢常用来制造。A容器；B刀具；C轴承；D齿轮20钢经表面淬火后将获得。A一定深度的马氏体；B全部马氏体；C下贝氏体；D上贝氏体21GCRL5SIMN钢的含铬量是A15；B15；C015；D001522铅在常温下的变形属A冷变形；B弹性变形；C热变形；D既有冷变形也有热变形23、黄铜是以（）为主加元素的铜合金。A铅B铁C锡D锌24、在FEFE3C和图中，奥氏体冷却到ES线时开始析出（）。A铁素体B珠光体C二次渗碳体D莱氏体25、从金属学的观点来看，冷加工和热加工是以（）温度为界限区分的。A结晶B再结晶C相变D25四、判断题（共10分，每小题1分）1回火托氏体和托氏体皆由铁素体和渗碳体两个相构成，因而其性能相同。2冷却速度越快，钢的淬透性越高。3钢的淬透性越高，产生焊接裂纹的倾向越大。4铝合金也可以象钢那样通过淬火明显提高其硬度。5所有强化金属的手段，都在提高强度的同时降低了韧性。6可锻铸铁中的团絮状石墨是浇注球墨铸铁时石墨球化不良的结果。7一定加热温度下，奥氏体晶粒长大倾向小的钢称为本质细晶粒钢。8所谓过量弹性变形，是指零件发生了塑性变形。9铝极易氧化，故铝制品的抗氧化失效能力极差。10弹簧钢淬火后采用中温回火是想提高钢的弹性模量。五、简答题（共30分，每题10分）1简述奥氏体晶粒对钢在室温下组织和性能的影响。2简述回火的目的。3何谓碳钢中的铁素体、渗碳体、珠光体他们的力学性能各有何特点LEARNGENERALSECRETARYON“TWOTOLEARNA“STRENGTHENING“FOURCONSCIOUSNESSES“IMPORTANTSPEECHCAUSEDASTRONGREACTIONINTHECOUNTRYTIME,WATCHING“REDTREASURE“,THEORIGINOFBUILDINGTHEPARTYBACKTOPOWER,HOWTOSTRENGTHENSERVICESFORTHEMASSES,IMPROVEPARTYCOHESION,FIGHTINGTOBECOMETHEGRASSROOTSPARTYMEMBERSANDMASSESHOTTOPICGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONS“TWO“ISTOSTRENGTHENTHESERVICEOFPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES,THEPIONEERSPIRITDISTRIBUTIONOFGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONSINALLWALKSOFPEOPLE,CLOTHING,SHELTER,WHICHBELONGSTOTHENERVEENDINGSOFTHEPARTYORGANIZATIONANDCOMMENTSREPUTATIONHASADIRECTPERCEPTIONOFTHEMASSESSTRENGTHENTHEPARTYAHEADOFTHE“PEDAL“SPIRITSTRENGTHENTHEPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES“SUCCESSDOESNOTHAVETOBEME“AND“THEFIRSTTOBEARHARDSHIPS,THELASTTO“SERVICESPIRITTOSETTHEPARTYSPOSITIVEIMAGEAMONGTHEPEOPLEISIMPORTANTGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONS“TWO“ISTOCLEANSEALLPEOPLENOTHAPPYNOTTOSEE“STEREOTYPES“,ESTABLISHTHEHONESTFAITHFUL,DILIGENTFAITHFORTHEPEOPLENONEEDTOAVOIDMENTIONINGTHAT,SOMEMEMBERSOFOURPARTYCANNOTSTANDTHE“MONEY,“CORROSIONOFTEMPTATION,THIN,XUZHOU,SUCHABUSEANDCORRUPTBRIBERY,MALFEASANCEBORERS,ANDRATSTWO,ISTOCLEANUP,THIN,XU,ZHOUSSOLUTIONTORESTORETHEPARTYSFRESHANDNATURAL,SOLIDANDHONESTWORKSTYLECLEANSING“TAKE,EAT,CARD,“UNDESIRABLEANDBEHAVIOUR,“CROSS,HARDANDCOLD,PUSH“ATTITUDEGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONS“TWO“ISTOSTRENGTHENTHESENSEOFORDINARYPARTYMEMBERS,PARTICIPATINGINCONSCIOUSNESS,UNITYCONSCIOUSNESSFORREASONSKNOWN,MEMBERSOFGRASSROOTSPARTYBRANCHESLESSMOBILE,LESSRESOURCES,ANDTHECONSTRUCTIONOFPARTYORGANIZATIONSHAVESOMELAGTWOSTUDIES,ISTOFOCUSONTHEGRASSROOTSPARTYBRANCHES“LOOSE,SOFT,LOOSE“PROBLEM,ADVANCETHEPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES,“AGANGWORKING“,“HONGKONGREPORT“STRONGCLEANUPACTIONS,STYLEANDRAMBLING,PRESUMPTUOUS“UNQUALIFIED“PARTYMEMBERS,PAYSSPECIALATTENTIONTOPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES“JOININGPARTYOFTHOUGHT“PROBLEM“PARTYBUILDING“ISOBTAINEDINTHELONGTERMDEVELOPMENTOFOURPARTYSHISTORICALEXPERIENCEACCUMULATEDTWOISOURPARTYUNDERTHENEWHISTORICALCONDITIONS,STRENGTHENTHEPARTYSCONSTRUCTIONOFANEW“RECTIFICATIONMOVEMENT“GRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONSSHOULDALWAYSCATCHTHEHARDWORK,RESULTSORIENTEDTWOEDUCATIONALOUTCOMESARELONGTERMORIENTEDANDBECOMEANIMPORTANTIMPETUSFORTHEWORK“TWO“SHOULDHAVETHREEKINDSOFCONSCIOUSNESS“TWO“STUDYANDEDUCATION,BASICLEARNINGLIESINTHEDOINGONLYTHECONSTITUTIONADDRESSTHESERIESOFPARTYRULES,ANDDOSOLIDWORK,BEQUALIFIEDPARTYMEMBERSHADASOLIDIDEOLOGICALBASISONLYTHE“LEARNING“AND“DO“REALUNITY,TOFORMA“LEARNLEARNDODO“THEVIRTUOUSCYCLE,ANDULTIMATELYACHIEVETHEFUNDAMENTALOBJECTIVEOFEDUCATIONTHISREQUIRESTHATTHEORGANIZATIONLEARNINGEDUCATION,NEEDTHREEKINDSOFCONSCIOUSNESSONEISTOESTABLISHANINTEGRATEDAWARENESS“LEARNING“AND“DO“WHATCARISTWOWHEEL,BIRDWINGS,NEEDTOGOHANDINHAND,ONEENDCANBENEGLECTEDCOMMUNISTTHEORETICIANANDMANONLYBYCLOSELYCOMBININGTHEORYANDPRACTICETOGETHERINORDERTOTRULYREALIZETHEIRVALUE“LEARNING“ISTHEFOUNDATION,THEFOUNDATIONISNOTSTRONG,SHAKING“ISTHEKEYTONETTONETTHOUSANDSOFACCOUNTS“TWO“EDUCATION,“LAYTHEBASIS,GOINGTO“DO“THEKEYGRIP,SOTHATTHE“LEARNING“AND“DOING“BACKTOSTANDARD,SOTHATTHEMAJORITYOFPARTYMEMBERS“LEARN“LEARNINGTHEORYOFNUTRIENTS,INTHE“DOING“PRACTICEPARTYSPURPOSESSECOND,TOESTABLISHASENSEOFDEPTH“LEARNING“AND“DO“NOTCHUDRAWN,ENTIRELYDIFFERENT,BUTTHEORGANICUNITYOFTHEWHOLE“TWO“LEARNINGEDUCATION,WENEEDTOEXPLOREINTEGRATING“LEARNING“IN“DO“,EXHIBIT“DO“IN“SCIENCE“TOAVOIDTHE“LEARNING“INTOSIMPLEROOMINSTRUCTION,“DO“INTOAMONOTONEFORDOINGSHOULDEXPLORATION“LEARN“INTHEHAS“DO“,“DO“INTHEHAS“LEARN“OFEDUCATIONANDPRACTICEOFCARRIER,MAKESGENERALGRASSROOTSMEMBERSCANIN“LEARN“INTHEHAS“DO“OFACHIEVEMENTSSENSE,IN“DO“INTHEHAS“LEARN“OFGETSENSE,REALMAKESPARTYOFTHEORYBRAININTOHEART,PUTFORPEOPLESERVICECONCEPTOUTSIDEOFYUSHAPEDTHIRD,TOADHERETOLONGTERMTHEAWARENESSSTYLECONSTRUCTIONONTHEROADFOREVER,“TWO“HADTOCATCHTHELONGTERM“TWO“STUDYANDEDUCATION,BYNOMEANS,ASSAULTSTYLEWINDSPORT,BUTTHERECURRENTEDUCATIONWITHINTHEPARTYINRECENTYEARS,THEPARTYSMASSLINEEDUCATIONPRACTICEAND“THREETHREE“SPECIALEDUCATIONINGRASSROOTSBORNERICHFRUITS,VASTNUMBERSOFPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRESWITHSTOODTHEBAPTISMOFTHESPIRIT“TWO“GREATERNEEDTOFOCUSONLONGERHOLDLONGTERM,TOESTABLISHANDPERFECTTHEEFFECTIVEMECHANISMOFTHEEDUCATION,FOCUSINGONTHECREATIONOFLONGTERMEDUCATION,STRIVETOMAKETHEVASTNUMBEROFPARTYMEMBERSTOMAINTAINTHEIRVANGUARDCOLOR,MAINTAINTHEPARTYSADVANCEDNATUREANDPURITYAWARENESSRAISING,ANTENNASANDATMOSPHEREADISCUSSIONONHOWLEADINGCADRESOFPARTYMEMBERS“TWO“CURRENT,“TWO“ACTIVITYISINFULLSWINGUPANDDOWNTHECOUNTRY,PARTYCADRESASA“KEYMINORITY“ISBOTHABAROMETERANDIMPETUSTHE“TWO“MEANINGENOUGHDEEP,ISTODETERMINETHEPARTYCADRESCANRESOLVETOSTUDYHARDFIRSTINTHE“TWO“INTHEPROCESS,SOMECADRESOFHIMSELF,STANDINGLONG,HIGHAWARENESS,THATCONSTITUTIONPARTYRULESISSIMPLE,ITSNOTWORTHBOTHERINGSOMEPARTYCADRESTHINKSPEAKSERIESHASNOTHINGTODOWITHTHEGRASSROOTSWORK,WATERBUSINESSLEARNINGSERIESOFSPEECHESSEENASWINDOWDRESSINGTHESE“LAZY,CASUAL,ANDDECADENT“IDEASLEARNINGLACKSMOTIVATION,ASERIOUSIMPEDIMENTTO“TWO“EFFECTJOHNSTUARTMILLONCESAID,ONLYABASICELEMENTOFHUMANTHOUGHTPATTERNSCHANGEDRAMATICALLY,HUMANDESTINYCANMAKEGREATIMPROVEMENTTHESAME,ONLYPARTYMEMBERSAND参考答案一、名词解释1奥氏体（A）C在FE中的间隙固溶体，常用A或表示，是一种硬度较低而塑性较高的固溶体。3固溶体组成合金的组元，在固态时相互溶解，所形成的单一均匀的物质。4自然时效自然时效是指经过冷、热加工或热处理的金属材料，于室温下发生性能随时间而变化的现象。5加工硬化金属材料随着冷塑变形程度的增大，强度和硬度逐渐升高，塑性和韧性逐渐降低的现象称为加工硬化或冷作硬化。二、填空题1、普通灰口；可锻；球墨；2、气孔；烧结；降低。3、固体渗碳气体渗碳4、不锈钢耐热钢耐磨刚5、延性断裂6、合金渗碳体特殊碳化物7、体心立方晶格密排六方晶格三、选择题1D2C3C5C6A7D8C10A11C13D14C15B17A18A19B20A21B23D24C四、判断题1；2；3；4；5；6；7；9；10。五、简答题1、答奥氏体晶粒细小时，冷却后转变产物的组织也细小，其强度与塑性韧性都较高，冷脆转变温度也较低；反之，粗大的奥氏体晶粒，冷却转变后仍获得粗晶粒组织，使钢的力学性能（特别是冲击韧性）降低，甚至在淬火时发生变形、开裂。2、答回火的目的是（1）降低零件脆性，消除或降低内应力；（2）获得所要求的力学性能；（3）稳定尺寸；（4）改善加工性。3、答铁素体碳在FE中的间隙固溶体，软而韧。渗碳体碳与铁形成的间隙化合物，硬而脆。珠光体铁素体与渗碳体形成的层片状交替排列的机械混合物，良好的综合力学性能。LEARNGENERALSECRETARYON“TWOTOLEARNA“STRENGTHENING“FOURCONSCIOUSNESSES“IMPORTANTSPEECHCAUSEDASTRONGREACTIONINTHECOUNTRYTIME,WATCHING“REDTREASURE“,THEORIGINOFBUILDINGTHEPARTYBACKTOPOWER,HOWTOSTRENGTHENSERVICESFORTHEMASSES,IMPROVEPARTYCOHESION,FIGHTINGTOBECOMETHEGRASSROOTSPARTYMEMBERSANDMASSESHOTTOPICGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONS“TWO“ISTOSTRENGTHENTHESERVICEOFPARTYMEMBERSANDCADRES,THEPIONEERSPIRITDISTRIBUTIONOFGRASSROOTSPARTYORGANIZATIONSINALLWALKSOFPEOPLE,CLOTHING,SHELTER,WHICHBELONGSTOTHENERVEENDINGSOFTHEPARTYORGANIZATIO