被动语态讲解(讲解很详细-练习很到位)ppt课件

.,被动语态,ThePassiveVoice,.,被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,.,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,变为被动语态,.,Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,arewashed,by,hisbrother,everyday.,改为被动语态,TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeilun.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.,FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.,ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.,Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.,ThesemachinesaremadeinBeilun.,EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.,你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？,.,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.2一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词,.,Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Thelittlebaby,waslookedafter,by,him,yesterday.,.,Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.,Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.,Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.,Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.,Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.,Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.,.,3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.3一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词,.,Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Theroom,willbecleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,.,Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.,Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.,Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow.,Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.,Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.,TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.,.,4AmycantakegoodcareofGina,GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.4情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,.,1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.,Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.,ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.,Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.,Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.,ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.,.,Youmusthandinyourcompositionsafterclass.Yourcompositionsmustbehandedinafterclass.Hecanwriteagreatmanyletterswiththecomputer.Agreatmanyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim.,.,Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.5现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词,.,现在进行时：TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastontheradio.Wearepaintingtherooms.Theroomsarebeingpainted.,.,Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8:00lastnight,Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.6过去进行时：S+was/were+being+过去分词,.,过去进行时：Whydidnttheydrivethereontime?Becausetheworkersweremendingtheroad.Becausetheroadwasbeingmended.Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.,.,Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.7现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词,.,.现在完成时：Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetmightbeputoff.Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.Wehavebroughtdowntheprice.Thepricehasbeenbroughtdown.,.,8过去将来时：Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear.Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible.,.,9.过去完成时：WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader.,.,10:动词不定式的被动语态betodo-betobedonebegoingtodo-begoingtobedoneBeabouttodo-beabouttobedoneEg:HeistoreadanovelAnovelistobereadbyhimTheyaregoingtoholdameetingtomorrow.Ameetingisgoingtobeheldtomorrow.Theyareabouttoshootthemurderer.Themurderdrisabouttobeshotbythem.,.,被动语态中的特殊情况1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。e.g.Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.被动句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被动句：Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.,.,2.当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补),并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”e.g.Theymakeusdoallthework.被动句：Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem.e.g.Weoftenhearhersingsongs.被动句：Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus.e.g.Isawhimwalktoschool.被动句：Hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。（let，have，make，feel，see,watch,hear,notice),.,3.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for”。常见加to的动词有give，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell常见加for的动词有make,draw,buye.g.Hegivesmeaflowereveryday.被动1Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday.被动2Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday.e.g.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.被动1Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.被动2Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.,.,(一)语态转换时要注意的问题1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.Anewcomputerhasbeenbought.(正确)Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(错误)2.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday.如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday.,保留宾语,.,注意：一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如：bring,give,lend,offer,pass,promise,sell,show,teach,tell等。Thecupwithmixturewasshowedtotheclass.Mybikewaslenttoher.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for,如：buy,cook,choose,fetch,get,make,order,等。Mothermademeanewskirt.(Anewskirtwasmadeforme.)Themeatwascookedforus.,.,练习：将下列句子变为被动句。1.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.LiLeisfatherislistenedtocarefullybyLiLei.2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.Thebabywaslookedafterbythemotherintheroom.3.Wetookcareofthethings.Thethingsweretakencareofbyus.4.Theygaveussomework.Weweregivensomeworkbythem.Someworkwasgiventousbythem.5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.Theyweremadetolaughallthetimebytheboy.6.Mymotherbuysmeabike.Abikeisboughtformebymymother.Iamboughtabikebymymother.,.,1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives_forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_twiceamonth.,EXERCISES,areused,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,.,5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He_onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers_tohelpthem.,wasmadetohave,canbe,used,.,3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor._onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_toreturnthebookintime.,Theticketwasfound,wastold,.,9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)_somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_.,weweregiven,were,giventous,.,7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?_atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_ourwork_today?,Weremanytreesplanted,Mustbefinished,.,10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_bywomeninthisfactory.,wasasked,isdone,.,12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike_intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine_threetimesaday.,canbemended,mustbe,taken,.,14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?_thisquestionoften_about_?,isstudied,Is,talked,bythem,.,1.Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful.They_welland_already.sell;havebeensoldoutB.sold;hadsoldoutC.sell,selloutaresold;havebeensoldout2.IsawDaveinliftthismorning.-Really?He_aroundhereforalongtime.A.wontbeseenB.wasntseeC.hasntbeenseenD.hadntbeenseen,.,3.Thewindowisdirty.-Iknow.It_forweeks.hasntcleanedB.didntcleanC.wasntcleanedD.hasntbeencleaned4.Theherosstory_differentlyinthenewspapers.wasreportedB.wasreportingreportsD.reported5.Whydidyouleavethatposition?-I_abetterpositionatIBM.offerB.offeredC.amofferedD.wasoffered6.Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool_abroadtostudymedicinelastyear.A.sentB.weresentC.hadsentD.hadbeensent,.,7.Thepolicemansattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich_placedundertheMinisterscar.hasbeenB.wasbeingC.hadbeenD.wouldbe8.Millionsofpoundsworthdamage_byastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofEnglandlastnight.A.hasbeencausedB.hadbeencausedC.willbecausedD.willhavebeencaused9.Whentheoldman_towalkbacktohishouse,thesun_itselfbehindthemountain.started;hadalreadyhiddenhadstarted;hadalreadyhiddenC.hadstarted;washidingD.wasstarting;hid,.,10:Thewater_coolwhenIjoinedintothepoolformorningexercise.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feels11:Themomentthe28thOlympicGames_open,thewholeworldcheered.declaredB.havebeendeclaredC.havedeclaredD.weredeclared12.MrGreenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone_.blamedB.blamingC.toblameD.tobeblamed,.,13.Inaroomabovethestore,whereaparty_,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable.A.wastobeheldB.hasbeenheldC.willbeheldD.isbeingheld14.Idontsupposethepoliceknowwhodidit.-Wellsurprisinglytheydo.Amanhasbeenarrestedand_now.A.hasbeenquestionedB.isbeingquestionedC.isquestioningD.hasquestioned15.Thenewtypeofcellphone_betterifitisadvertisedonTV.A.willsellB.sellsC.wouldsellD.sold,.,16.Thebridgewhich_lastyearlooksreallybeautiful.A.wasbuiltB.builtC.wassetupD.hadbeenbuilt17.Thiscloth_welland_long.Ok.Illtakeit.A.washes/lastsB.iswashed/lastedC.washes/islastedD.iswashing/lasting18.Anexhibitionofpaintings_atthemuseumnextweek.A.aretobeheldB.istobeheldC.areholdingD.willhold,.,19.Imsorry,sir.Yourrecorderisntreadyyet.It_inthefactory.A.isbeingrepairedB.isrepairedC.hasbeenrepairedD.hasntrepaired20.Everypossiblemeans,b