人教版初三英语上unit3知识点讲解及练习

Unit 3: Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.【重点短语】1take the test 参加考试 pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考试失败be strict with+人 对某人严格be strict in+事物 对某事要求严格stay up 熬夜clean up 打扫整理learn from each other 互相学习concentrate on 专注于ones own 某人自己的the other day 前几天，几天前 = a few days agohave an opportunity to do sth.有机会做某事=have a chance to do/ of doingevery other day每隔一天 （每两天）= every two days at present 现在，目前in this way 用这种方法in the way 挡道的，妨碍人的on the way 在路上 on ones way to 在某人去的路上by the way 顺便说（问）be serious about 对认真care for在乎、关心【语言点】 1. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.应该允许青少年选择自己的衣服。 allow 允许allow + n. 允许某事 如：We cant allow such a thing. 我们不允许这样的事（发生） allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态） 如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 如：They dont allow smoking here. be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态） 如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qingdao. 莉莉被允许去青岛。2. I dont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.宾语从句中否定转移： 若宾语从句跟在think, believe等表示“想，认为的动词之后，而主语为第一人称时，句子的否定体现在主句上。 常用词有：suppose(猜想), guess（猜、猜测）, imagine（想象）, expect（期待）如： I dont think he is right. 我认为他不对 I dont think its a good idea.我认为那不是一个好主意。 3.Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.16岁的青少年应该被允许打耳洞。V. + 宾语+ 宾补get/have + 宾语 + 过去分词 请或让某人做某事 如：I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车 I want to have my hair cut. 我要理发. I usually get my hair cut once a month.我通常一个月理一次发。 keep sb/ sth. 形容词使某人/某物保持. 如：We should keep our city clean. 我们应该保持我们的城市干净。Dont keep me waiting for a long time.别让我等得太久4. They arent serious enough.他们不够严肃。enough 足够形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。 enough名词如：enough food 足够食物 I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 enough to do sth.足够去做如： She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。 5. He should stop wearing that silly earring.他应该停止戴那个愚蠢的耳环。 stop 停止、阻止stop doing sth. 停止做某事如：Please stop speaking.请停止说话。stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事 如：Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。cant stop doing sth. 忍不住做某事 如：I cant stop laughing when I heard it.听到那件事，我忍不住大笑起来。6. Sb. seems to do sth. = It seems that +从句 看起来好像 He seems to feel very sad. = It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。 He doesnt seem to have many friends. =It seems that he doesnt have many friends. =He seems not to have many friends.7. 程度副词：always总是 usually经常 sometimes有时 never从不 如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。8. -We have a lot of rules at my house. 在家里我们有许多规定。-So do we. 我们也是。（倒装句）so + be/ 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语表示前面所叙述的肯定情况也适合于后者，所叙述的不是同一人或物。 “也是如此”neither（nor）+ be/ 助动词/情态动词 + 主语表示前面所叙述的否定情况也适合于后者，所叙述的不是同一人或物。“也不” 如：Tom has been to Beijing. So have I. - He speaks English well. - So he does. / - So do you. He cant swim. Neither/ Nor can I.9. go doing go shopping(去购物) go fishing(去钓鱼) go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船) go hiking(去登山) go trekking(去徒步)10. care take care 留神，小心=be careful，保重 Take care not to drop it.当心别把它掉了。 take care of 照顾，照料=look after 如： I took care of my sister well. care about 关心，在乎 如：That girl never cares about others. care for 喜欢，照顾，为操心 如：You should care for your sick mother.11. 对 热衷， 对兴趣be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。 sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。12. sleep n./v. 睡觉 I sleep for 7 hours every day. asleep adj. 睡着的，睡熟的 表状态 不能在名词之前 She is asleep in the bed. sleepy adj. 想睡觉的，困乏的 Im sleepy, I want to go to bed. sleeping adj. 睡着的，正在睡觉的 在名词之前 This is a sleeping dog.13. agree to + 建议、计划、安排等名词 agree with + 人、表示意见的词 agree on + 具体协议的文件、行动等名词agree to do 同意做某事14. have +时间段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off off 不工作,不上班,不上学,不值班.例: I think Ill take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班. She is off today. 她今天休息. I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假. They havent had a day off since last week. 从上周来,他们没休息过一天.【重点语法】 1.被动语态 英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 被动语态的构成：由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在 时am are +过去分词is English is spoken in many countries.一般过去 时was +过去分词were + 过去分词This bridge was built in 1989.情 态动 词can/shouldmay +be+过去分词must/The work must be done right now. 2. 倒装句由so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也是一样 Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为否定) 表示与前面所述事实一致.She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I. 她刚才去学校了，我也是。 She has finished the work. So have I. 她已经完成了工作，我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。Tom cant swim. Neither can John.例题 ( )1. -Look at the sign on the right. -Oh, smoking here.A. doesnt allow B.isnt allowed C.didnt allow D. wasnt allowed( )2. If people cutting down the forest, they will have nowhere .A.keep, to live inB. will keep, to live inC.keep, to live D.will keep, to live ( )3.Lucy speaks English . She can talk to the guests from the USA. A. enough good B.enough well C.goodenough D. well enough ( )4. Mr. Black, can you tell me the best way a foreign language? A.learnB.learning C.of learnD.to learn ( )5. Its very hot in the room. Would you please keep the window . A.openB.opens C.to open D.close( )6. James, Im too tired. Lets stop a rest . A.having B.have C.to having D.to have( )7. Can we agree a date for the next meeting? A. to B. on C. with D. of( )8. The twins are good at . They are both in the club. A.run, run B.runs, running C.run, ranD.running, running( )9. We dont agree them, but we agree the plan. A.with, with B.to, to C.with, to D.to, with( )10. Tom agreed friends with me.A. make B. makes C. making D. to make（ ）11. I dont your opinion.A. care about B. care for C. take care of D. take care（ ）12. when you cross the road.A. Care about B. Care for C. Take care of D. Take care（ ）13.-I have read the book before. -Me, too. (选出与划线部分意思相同的一项)A. We are the same B. So have I C. Also I D. Neither have I 练习 【单项选择】( )1.Jimenjoyslisteningtopopmusic. A.SodoesHelen.B.AlsoisHelen C.HelenlikesalsoD.SoHelendoes ( )2.OurEnglishteacherisverystrict_usandheisstrict_histeaching. A.with,atB.with,withC.at,atD.with,in ( )3.Whatsthematter? TheysaidIshouldnotbeallowedhere.Theydontallow_inthewaitingroom. A.smoking,tosmokeB.tosmoke,smoke C.tosmoke,smokingD.smoking,smoking ( )4.Hedoesntdohishomework_,thoughhehas_. A.carefullyenough,enoughtimeB.enoughcarelessly,timeenough C.carelesslyenough,enoughtimeD.enoughcarefully，enoughtime ( )5.Thelittlechildwastoo_toheartheendofthelongspeech. A.sleepyB.asleepC.sleepD.sleeping ( )6.Everyone_tohaveatleasteight_sleepatnight. A.needs,hoursB.need,hoursC.needed,hoursD.needs,hours ( )7.Weshouldgotoschoolat8:00_schoolmornings. A.atB.inC.onD.of ( )8.SomethingiswrongwithmyPDA.Iwillgetit_. A.repairB.repairingC.torepairD.repaired ( )9.Excuseme,youare_ofmypassingthrough.Imsorry,hereyougo. A.onthewayB.inthewayC.outthewayD.offtheway ( )10.Jilldidntfinishthehomework,_. A.eitherB.tooC.alsoD.neither ( )11.Youmustconcentratemore_yourEnglish. A.toB.inC.onD.at ( )12.Thatisagoodwaytokeep_teachersandstudentshappy. A.eitherB.noneC.allD.both ( )13.Dontget_whenyoustudyingroups. A.noiseB.noisesC.noisyD.noising ( )14.Weshouldlearn_eachother. A.toB.fromC.forD.of ( )15.Thechildrenoftentaketimetodothingslike_. A.volunteer B.tovolunteer C.volunteersD.volunteering【用所给词适当形式填空】 1. People are not ( allow) to smoke in some public places. 2. My parents didnt use to allow (watch) TV on weekdays. But I was (watch) TV on Sundays. 3. Our TV doesnt work at all. I am going to get it (repair). 4. When did you get your hair (cut). 5. He got me (help) him. 【句型转换】 1. Teenagers should be allowed to wear that earring.(否定句)Teenagers to wear that earring. 2. He should allow you to make your own decision. (被动语态)You should to make your own decision.【翻译句子】1. 学生们应该被允许用电脑来做家庭作业。Students do their homework with computers.2. 我们认为他不会把那本书借给你。 3. 我相信他没有撒谎。 4. 我没有足够的时间等他们。I dont have for them.【阅读理解】Tom walked into a shop. It bad a sign outside : Second-hand (旧的) clothes bought and sold . He was carrying an old pair of trousers and asked the owner of the shop, How much will you give me for these? The man looked at them and then said: Two dollars.What! said Tom. I had guessed they were worth at least five dollars.No, said the man, they arent worth a cent more than two dollars.Well, said Tom, taking two dollars out of his pocket. Heres your money. These trousers were hanging outside your shop. The list price (标价)of them was six dollars and a half. But I thought that was too much money, so I wanted to find out how much they were really worth.Then he walked out of the shop with the pair of trousers and disappeared before the shop owner could think of anything to say.( )1. At first the owner of the shop th