北京市西城区高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选编（1）.doc

北京西城区2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解选编（1）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。canadian women have a long tradition of contributing to the arts as writers，visual artists and musicians.by the 20th century careers in many fields were opening up to more women，and writers and artists such as gabrielle roy are part of an important tradition in canadian life.gabrielle roys early determination to become a writer led to a great success and a very long list of books to her reputation.gabrielle had to work hard at school.the money she won for her final examination results paid for her first year at the winnipeg normal institute.in 1929，when her father died，she began to teach school and continued to teach and to contribute her wages to her family until 1937. while living in paris and london，gabrielle roy began her career as a writer.in 1943 she wrote a series of articles on the poor in montreal which formed the basis for her first novel，the tin flute ，published in 1945.the publication of the tin flute established roys credit as a novelist and provided her with greater financial security than she had ever known.over the next 20 years she published one book after another.she won the governor generals award in 1955 for street of riches.roy also wrote two volumes of stories for children，ma vache bossie published in 1976，and courts queue in 1979.between these years，she published her last novel children of my heart，which spoke of her love for children.before she died in 1983 gabrielle wrote an autobiography, enchantment and sorrow，which was published in 1984.although she wrote in french，her works were frequently translated into english (and many other languages as well)，ensuring that they would leave an enduring(持久的)mark on the cultural life of her country.1_made a basis for gabrielles success as a novelist.athe tin flutebstreet of richesccourts queued. enchantment and sorrow答案：a细节理解题。根据第四段的“the publication of the tin flute established roys credit as a novelist.”可知，答案为a项。 2which of the followings shows the right time order of gabrielles experience?ashe worked at school.bshe began her career as a writer.cshe expressed her love for children.dshe won the governor generals award.aa，b，d，c ba，c，b，dcb，c，d，a db，d，c，a答案：a推理判断题。a的时间为1929年；b为19371943年间；c为19761979年间；d为1955年。故选a项。 3what cannot be inferred about gabrielle?ashe suffered economic hardship during school years. bshe was unhappy and bored while teaching at school.cshe has won respect not only in canada.dshe has had a big influence on canadian答案：b细节理解题。根据第二段的“gabrielle had to work hard at school.the money she won for her final examination results paid for her first year.”可知，a项表述正确；根据最后一段的“.her works were frequently translated into english(and many other languages as well).”可知，c项表述正确；根据最后一段的“.they would leave an enduring(持久的)mark on the cultural life of her country.”可知，d项表述正确。b项文中没有提及。4what will probably be talked about after the sixth paragraph?aanother canadian woman.bcanadian mans contributions.ca canadian woman musician.dgabrielles achievement in the art.答案：d推理判断题。文章第一段提到“.writers and artists such as gabrielle roy are part of an important tradition in canadian life.”，接下来各段介绍了加布里耶拉在文学上的成就，由此可知，下面应该就是介绍加布里耶拉作为艺术家所取得的成就。写人记事（阅读理解）由 (2013浙江宁波高三上期末)改编i was a fat kid who grew into an overweight adult.i was constantly laughed at for being heavier than the other kids,leaving me feeling shy.i tried several diets,but none worked,and i ended up gaining weight.another factor contributing to my weight gain was my love for cooking,especially rich,high-fat desserts,which i enjoyed preparing and,of course,eating.when i finished high school at the age of 18,i weighed 215 pounds.lacking the self-confidence to go to a new,faraway school,i decided to stay close to home instead of going away to college.i continued with my unhealthful eating habits and felt more miserable as the weight came on,but i did nothing about it except buy larger plus-size clothes.my turning point came 10 years later at a friends new years eve party when i was at my all-time highest weight of 330 pounds.i caught my reflection in a mirror and the truth hit me: i was overweight and unhealthy,and unless i did something about it now,i would only get bigger and unhappier.after leaving the party,i thought about my past weight-loss efforts and realized they didnt work because they required me to give up foods i loved.then i would constantly think about food and binge,abandoning the diet altogether.if i took a common-sense approach and ate smaller portions of all foods,i would be able to satisfy my hunger and not feel deprived.my biggest challenge was finding a way to fit my passion for cooking into my healthier lifestyle.at first,i tried to stay away from the kitchen to prevent myself from thinking about food.the result: food was all i thought about.there had to be some way to combine cooking with healthful eating.i found the solution after reading several low-fat cookbooks.with some trial and error,i could modify my favorite foods and make them low in fat,yet delicious.the pounds started coming off,and when i started exercising(usually cardio and weight training five times a week),they seemed to melt away.i didnt feel deprived,and i felt free to give my body the care and attention it deserved.i lost 165 pounds over the next two years.i had many ups and downs,but i was determined to go on.another challenge to me was not to beat myself up if i ate something that was unhealthy and to take it as a sign to abandon my healthful habits.instead,i vowed to start again and always keep my goal in mind.thanks to losing weight and becoming fit i am in line with my body and myself.my dream is to help others realize the ease and benefits of low-fat cooking and eating.ive created and published a book of low-fat recipes(食谱) and run workshops and seminars(研讨会) on healthful eating.now that i know what i can achieve when i set my mind to it,my dreams are no longer out of reach.i have finally found myself.1.what factor contributed to the authors failure in losing her weight at first?()a.her laziness in starting exercising.b.her unwillingness to abandon low-fat desserts.c.her passion for cooking and unhealthy eating habits.d.her lack of maintenance tips.2.what did the author do as she kept on gaining weight?()a.she tried a few low-fat diets.b.she decided to stay away from home.c.she bought herself clothes of larger sizes.d.she could do nothing except that she felt deprived.3.the authors story tells us that .a.it is important to have a balanced dietb.cooking by oneself will make one healthyc.trial and error is important in learning cookingd.reading cookbooks will help to build up a good eating habit4.which of the following statements is true according to the passage?()a.she missed opportunity to attend college because of her shyness.b.she didnt attend the new years eve party because of her weight.c.her dream of becoming a beautiful girl came true after she lost weight.d.she didnt seriously consider losing her weight until she realized how fat she was.5.it can be concluded from the passage that .a.you will live a healthy life if you cook yourself every dayb.you will feel deprived if one fails to give attention to your bodyc.it is the most important thing for you to have some maintenance tips in order to keep fitd.being overweight can not only be bad for your health but also bring you much trouble in your life语篇解读:一个偶然的机会使一个因为随心所欲进食而导致体重严重超重的女孩改变了饮食的态度和方法,通过不懈的努力终于减肥成功。答案及剖析:1.c细节理解题。由第一段的.my weight gain was my love for cooking,especially rich,high-fat desserts,which i enjoyed preparing and,of course,eating可知,作者体重增加的原因是酷爱烹饪和吃高脂肪的甜点导致的,故选c项。2.c细节理解题。由第二段的.as the weight came on,but i did nothing about it except buy larger plus-size clothes可知,随着作者体重的增加,她唯一能做的事情就是买更大号的衣服,故选c项。其他三项均不符合文章的内容。3.a主旨大意题。作者通过自己辛苦减肥的经历,告诉大家健康饮食的重要性。最后一段的my dream is to help others realize the ease and benefits of low-fat cooking and eating表达了作者的愿望,故选a项。4.d细节理解题。前两段提到作者虽然很胖,但一点也不注意饮食,在第三段提到参加朋友的新年聚会时看到镜子里肥胖且不健康的自己,猛然惊醒,故选d项。由第二段的lacking the self-confidence to go to a new,faraway school,i decided to stay close to home instead of going away to college可排除a项;由第三段的my turning point came 10 years later at a friends new years eve party.可排除b项;由最后一段的前两句话可排除c项。5.d推理判断题。由全文内容可知,作者一开始由于肥胖而遭到别人嘲笑,因此变得不自信,而且也严重影响了身体健康,故选d项。【疑难词汇解读】1.deprived adj.被剥夺的;贫困的;缺少食物的he had a deprived childhood.他有过贫困的孩提时代。2.out of reach 够不着,达不到the ball was out of my reach.我够不着这个球。【长难句子分析】 now that i know (what i can achieve)宾语从句原因状语从句(when i set my mind to it)时间状语从句,原因状语从句 my dreams主语 are系动词no longer out of reach.表语既然我知道了当我专心做事的时候我会成功,我的梦想就不再遥远了。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013全国，a)doctors are known to be terrible pilots. they dont listen because they already know it all. i was lucky: i became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before i graduated from medical school. i didnt realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. i loved flying. as i flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, i learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or crm, a new idea to make flying safer. it means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.i first read about crm in 1980. not long after that, an attending doctor and i were flying in bad weather. the controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. the attending doctor was flying; i was safety pilot. he was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. he was a better pilotand my bossso it felt unusual to speak up. but i had to: our lives were in danger. i put aside my uneasiness and said, “we need to put the landing gear down now！” that was my first real lesson in the power of crm, and ive used it in the operating room ever since.crm requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. it further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesnt overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. so when im in the operating room, i ask for ideas and help from others. sometimes theyre not willing to speak up. but i hope that if i continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from“landing_gear_up”文章大意：众所周知，医生是糟糕的飞行员，但飞行使我成为好的医生。1what dose the author say about doctors in general?athey like flying by themselves.bthey are unwilling to take advice.cthey pretend to be good pilots.dthey are quick learners of crm.答案：b推理判断题。根据短文最后一段一、二、三句话可知，crm要求飞行员或医生鼓励他人说出自己的建议，甚至相反的建议，但又阻止医生有过激反应，所以他们不愿意说出自己的建议，由此可知他们是不愿意接受建议，故b项正确。2the author deepened his understanding of the power of crm when _.ahe saved the plane by speaking upbhe was in charge of a flying taskchis boss landed the plane too latedhis boss operated on a patient答案：a推理判断题。根据短文第二段倒数四句话可知，说出建议是不寻常的，但当人们处于危险时，我把不安放在一边，大胆说出自己的建议，拯救了飞机，使我加深了对crm力量的理解。3in the last paragraph “landing gear up” probably means _.afollowing flying requirementsboverreacting to different opinionsclistening to what fellow doctors saydmaking a mistake that may cost lives答案：d词义理解题。由第二段可知，我大胆说出自己的建议，拯救了飞机，此处我希望继续鼓励他们说出建议，将来某一天会阻止犯让人丢性命的错误。4which of the following can be the best title for the text?acrm: a new way to make flying safe.bflying makes me a better doctor.cthe making of a good pilot.da pilotturned doctor.答案：b主旨大意题。第一段是主题段。第一段的第四句话是主题句，故b项正确。2016高考训练题-阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。dear miss manners， when an ice cube melts, it creates a puddle (水坑). when an ice sheet (冰盖)melts, it raises sea levels. it sounds simple, but scientists have debated for decades whether both the antarctic and greenland ice sheets actually were shrinking, and how much that melting contributed to rising sea levels. now, a new study has provided the best evidence of how the polar ice sheets are responding to our warming world. in the study, an international team of scientists looked at 20 years of data in the ice sheets collected by 10 satellite missions. the teams conclusion: the greenland and antarctic ice sheets both are losing ice overall. the researchers also found that between 1992 and 2011, meltwater from those shrinking ice sheets caused sea levels to rise by about 11 millimeters. over the 19 years studied, the greenland ice sheet lost 2.7 trillion metric tons of ice. the antarctic ice sheet also shrank by about l.3 trillion metric tons. previously, some scientists disagreed whether the antarctic sheet, the largest mass of ice in the world, was shrinking or growing or neither. while the earth is warming overall, the effect of climate change varies from region to region. over the last 15 years, for example, scientists have something disagreed over how climate change has affected the polar ice sheets. many studies found that the sheets lost a lot of ice and that not enough snow fell on the sheets to compensate for t