定语从句ppt课件.ppt

1,eg.TheboywhoisreadingisTom.,先行词,关系代词,Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.,先行词,关系副词,放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。,2,考点一、考查非限定性定语从句,Wearegoingtoholdaschoolsportsmeeting,whichisheldtoenrichourschoollife.,非限定性定语从句的关系词为：1.关系代词which，who，whom，whose2.关系副词whenwherewhy,不能用that,3,as和which引导非限定性定语从句时，as和which都能指代整个句子，区别在于as引导定语从句可以在主句之前，之后或中间，可以翻译为“正如，正像”当从句的谓语动词是beannounced/expected/known/reported/said/imagined/shown等被动形式，常用as，而which只能放在主句的后面，没有意思,as,4,典例精析,1.(2017.全国卷）ButSarah,_hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty,2.(2016.全国卷卷）SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,_livedfromroughly551to479BC,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.,3.(2016.全国卷）ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.,who,who,when,5,考点二、考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句,Mr.King，whoselegswerebadlyhurt，wastakentothehospital.Theyliveinaroomwhosewindowopenstothesouth,指人，引导非限定性定语从句,指物，引导限定性定语从句,表示所属关系，译为“的”,6,典例精析,1.(2015.四川卷）Thebookonthedesk，_coversareshiny,areprizesforus.,2.(2014.山东卷）Acompany_profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.,3.(2013.福建卷）Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose_liveswereaffected.,whose,whose,whose,7,考点三、考查“介词+关系代词（which/whom）”引导定语从句,当先行词在定语从句中做介词的宾语时，往往可以把介词放在关系代词之前，构成介词+关系代词（which/whom）的结构,注意：近几年在考查这个类型的定语从句中，摒弃了往年考查介词的选择，而是仅考查对“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的识别，降低了难度,CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?,8,典例精析,1.(2015.安徽卷）Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskillupon_schooleducationdepends.,2.(2014.重庆卷）Hewrotemanychildrensbook,nearlyhalfof_werepublishedinthe1990,3.(2014.天津卷）Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures，eachof_usesitdifferently,4.(2013.辽宁卷）Hemaywinthecompetition,in_caseheislikelytogetintothenationalteam,5.(2013.浙江卷）Thechildren,allof_hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.,which,which,which,which,whom,9,考点四、考查关系代词和关系副词的区别使用,判断是用关系代词还是关系副词，首先要找出先行词，再次判断先行词在从句中所做的成分，关系代词要在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，关系副词要在定语从句中做状语。,注意：如果先行词是时间，地点或原因，不能从意思上判断就一定选择whenwhere或why,10,典例精析,1.(2015.全国卷）IdskippednearbyGuilin，adreamplacefortouristseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver_arepicturedbyartistinsomanyChinesepaintings.,2.(2015.湖南卷）Itistrulydelightfulplace，_looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages,3.(2014.安徽卷）Theexactyear_AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008,which/that,which,which,11,考点五、考查定语从句的分割现在,TherearemanythousandsofstarsintheskythatarelikethesunDoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedadiamondnecklace?,12,典例精析,1.(2014.北京卷）IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek，_myclassmatesrecommendedtome.,2.(2012.浙江卷）Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature，_,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.,which,who,13,定语从句中的五个易混点,定语从句VS强调句型,ItwasNov.11,2011whentheygotmarried.,2.定语从句VS同位语从句,Thefactthathetoldusisveryimportant.,ItwasonNov.11,2011whentheygotmarried.,Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.,14,3.定语从句VS并列句,Jimpassedthedrivingtest,whichsurprisedeverybodyintheoffice.,Jimpassedthedrivingtest,andit/this/thatsurprisedeverybodyintheoffice.,4.Oneof/the(only)oneof,Heisoneoftheboyswhohavepassedtheexam,Heisthe(only)oneoftheboyswhohaspassedtheexam,15,5.Theway做先行词是，从句引导词的选择,Theway（that/which/省略）heexplainedtouswasquitesimple,Theway（that/inwhich/省略）heexplainedtouswasquitesimple,16,总结,判断定语从句的关系词，要遵循八字口诀即一看（先行词）二析（从句成分）三思（特殊情况）四选（关系词）,17,apple,theredthegreenthesmallthebig,Theapplewhichisredismine.,Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.,Theapplewhichisredissmall,Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.,18,Canyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.,CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?,Canyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?,19,4.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.,Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?,Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?,20,1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.,2)Theroom(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom(which)Iliveinisverybig.TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.TheroomwhereIliveisverybig.,注意:固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:lookafter,lookat,关系代词与介词:介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略),21,定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.,22,3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant?IhaventgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?,23,注:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用who,不用that1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere?2).在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.,24,关系副词,关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。,where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。,1.Thehotelwasntclean.+Westayedatthehotel.,Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasntclean.Thehotel(which)westayedatwasntclean.,25,2.Illneverforgettheday.IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.IllneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.,26,(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.,Thescientistwemetyesterdayisverywhofamousintheworld.whomthat,(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.,Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.which,27,(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.,(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.,HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwhowith.whom,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.,28,单项选择。1.Thisisthejob_theylaughedat.A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark_builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman_atyesterdaysmeeting?A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseen4.Theman_ispaintingthehouseismyuncle.A.heB.whomC.whoseD.who5.Whatistheanimal_babyissleepinginitspocket?A.whoB.whoseC.itsD.which,A,C,B,D,B,29,6.Thisbookisforthestudents_nativelanguageisntEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whoseD.whos7.Therobbersshouted,“Handsup!Illshootanyone_moves!”A.whomB.thatC.whoD.whose8.Thedictionary_hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful.A.whichB.forwhichC.onwhichD.aboutwhich9Theboy_parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow.A.whoseB.whoC.hisD./10.Theman_issmokingisabusdriver.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.