Unit6Space.ppt

Unit 6 Space Teaching objectives: Reading skill : Scanning To learn the history of probing the universe the promising and the disappointing aspects of the Space Program,I. Reading Skill: Scanning,What is scanning? Looking for the exact answer to a specific question. When do we use it? When we want to find information, but dont care as much about reading the entire text Websites- What time is the movie? Posted grades- Which one is mine? Tests- When was the Norman Conquest? How to scan? Let your eyes run rapidly over several lines of print at a time, looking for a specific fact or idea.,Practical steps for scanning,Read the scanning exercises quick to remember the specific questions in mind. Skim the whole text and get the general idea about the text. At the same time, mark the key information. Scan, but do not read in the usual way. Let your eyes move very rapidly over the sentences and quickly locate the sentence that gives you the answer. Read this sentence. Check no further in the text.,Mark your answer to the question either by circling the letter or by filling in the blank. Go on to the second question immediately, and repeat this process. But dont read the text from the beginning, and continue to locate from your last stop. Complete all the questions on the text.,Two options: 1. Try “Pure Scanning”- Read the questions and answers, then scan the text to find the answers, without reading the passage. Save time by skipping the parts you dont need. 2. Survey and Skim , first to acquaint yourself with the passage so you can find the information quickly because of your understanding.,Unit 6 Space,II. Astronomy and space basics,The 8 main planets in the solar system obliquity blikwti n. 倾斜；倾斜度；不正直,Mercurymkjr水星，汞 Venus vi:ns金星 Mother Earth大地，土地 Mars m:z火星 Jupiter du:pit木星 Saturn stn土星 Uranus jurns天王星 Neptune neptju:n海王星 Pluto plu:tu冥王星 etc.,Sputnik, the worlds first artificial earth satellite, launched by the former Soviet in 1957. 斯普特尼克 sptnit; spu- 前苏联人造地球卫星,Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, Hero of the Soviet Union, was a Soviet cosmonaut. On 12 April 1961, he became the first human in outer space and the first to orbit the Earth. He received medals from around the world for his pioneering tour in space.,The Moon Landing,On July 16, 1969, the Apollo 11 launched from the Kennedy Space Center. On July 20, 1969, Commander Neil Armstrong became the first man on the moon. He said the historic words, “One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.“,NASA美国国家航空和宇宙航行局 /美国国家航空航天局,The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an Executive Branch agency of the United States government, responsible for the nations civilian space program and aeronautics and aerospace research.,Space Shuttle Challenger disaster,The Space Shuttle Challenger disaster occurred on January 28, 1986, when Space Shuttle Challenger broke apart 73 seconds into its flight, leading to the deaths of its seven crew members. 航天飞机,Challenger flight 51-l crew,Is Outer Space Worth Exploring ? Almost everyday we may see something in the newspaper or on TV about the latest exciting developments in space exploration. There is an immense pride in our science and technology and a sense of its importance for the welfare of mankind. Not everyone , however, shares this feeling. Ever since space research began, it has been criticized as a huge waste of money and other resources, which might be used to help to relieve the suffering of the earths starving millions. It has also been felt that the space program might lead to the total destruction of the earth. Despite these disadvantages and potential dangers, the advantages are far greater. We have already succeeded in using satellites for communications, weather forecast and oil exploration and with further space research, more problems we are having now can be solved. For instance, with the success of space shuttles and the feasibility of living in other planets, we may solve the population problem on the earth. Space projects will also enable us to find a few chemical elements to cure presently incurable diseases.,III. Lead-in Questions of the Unit Question 1. What is the significance of exploring the outer space? Answer 1: knowing the matters around the earth/advancing technology/discovering mysteries of the cosmos/satisfying curiosity, etc.,Question 2. What do you know about the universe? Scientists have always wanted to know more about the universe. Years ago they knew many things about the moon. They knew how big it was and how far away it was from the earth. But they wanted to know more about it. They thought the best way was to send men to the moon. The moon is about 384 000 kilometers away from the earth. A plane cannot fly to the moon because the air reaches only 240 kilometers away from the earth. But something can fly even when there is no air. That is a rocket(火箭) How does a rocket fly? There is gas(气体)in the rocket. When the gas is made very hot inside the rocket, it will rush out of the end of the rocket, so it can make the rocket fly up into the sky.,Rockets can fly far out into space. Rockets with men in them have been to the moon. Several rockets without men in them have flown to another planet(行星)much farther away than the moon. One day rockets may be able to go to any place in space. Answer 2: galaxyglks星系 solar system太阳系 the Milky Way 银河 black hole 黑洞 constellation,knstlein星座，星群 nebula nebjul星云 star cluster星团 asteroid strid小行星 meteor mi:ti流星，流星体，陨星 shooting star流星 comet kmit彗星,IV. Practice of skimming and scanning 1.Letter perception (25 seconds) 2.word perception (25 seconds) V. Word Pretest in Section A (P.49) Directions:Students are expected to study this section in class. Do not preview. Students are asked to finish doing the exercises in Word Pretest within 4 minutes. Check the answers and explain the difficult words briefly.,1. milestone mailstun N-COUNT A milestone is an important event in the history or development of something or someone. 里程碑 例：He said the launch of the party represented a milestone in Zambian history. 他说该党的成立代表着赞比亚历史上的一个里程碑。 zmbin,2. terra firma ,terf:m the solid part of the earths surface N-UNCOUNT If you describe the ground as terra firma, you mean that it feels safe in contrast to being in the air or at sea. 陆地 例：.his relief on finding himself once more on terra firma. .发现自己再次回到陆地上，他如释重负。,3. notch nt 1).N-COUNT You can refer to a level on a scale of measurement or achievement as a notch. 等级 例：Average earnings in the economy moved up another notch in August. 平均经济收入在8月份又上升了一级。 In this country the good players are pulled down a notch or two.在这个国家优秀运动员们被降了一到两级。 2).V-T If you notch a success, especially in a sports contest, you achieve it. (尤指体育比赛) 赢得 例：“It took longer than we wanted,“ Clemens said after notching his first victory since June 9. “用的时间比我们希望的要长，”克莱门斯在6月9日以来赢得他的第一次胜利后说。 3).N-COUNT A notch is a small V-shaped or circular cut in the surface or edge of something. V形槽口; 圆形凹口,4. frigid fridid TEM8 1.ADJ Frigid means extremely cold. 极冷的 例：A snowstorm hit the West today, bringing with it frigid temperatures. 一场暴风雪今天袭击西部地区，带来了严寒低温。 2.ADJ If a woman is frigid, she finds it difficult to become sexually aroused. You can often use frigid to show disapproval. (女人)性冷淡的 例：My husband says I am frigid. 我的丈夫说我性冷淡。,5. module mdju:l, -du:l CET6 TEM8 1.N-COUNT A module is a part of a machine, especially a computer, which performs a particular function. (尤指计算机的) 组件 2.N-COUNT A module is a part of a spacecraft which can operate by itself, often away from the rest of the spacecraft. (航天器的) 舱 例：A rescue plan could be achieved by sending an unmanned module to the space station. 营救计划可以通过向空间站发送一个无人舱来完成。,6. be a far cry from 与相差甚远 与大不相同，是两回事 its a far cry from what I expected. 这离我想要的差远了。,7. coalition ,kulin 1).N-COUNT A coalition is a government consisting of people from two or more political parties. 联合政府 例：Since June the country has had a coalition government. 从6月起，这个国家有了一个联合政府。 2).N-COUNT A coalition is a group consisting of people from different political or social groups who are cooperating to achieve a particular aim. 联盟 例：He had been opposed by a coalition of about 50 civil rights, womens, and Latino organizations. 他遭到一个联盟的反对，该联盟由大约五十个民权组织、妇女组织和拉美人组织构成。lti:nu,8. jaunt d:nt N-COUNT A jaunt is a short trip for pleasure or excitement. n. 短途旅游 9. ramp up 1.V to increase or cause to increase 增加; 使增加 Thus, the most likely scenario is a progressive ramp up in output. 因此，最可能出现的情况是产量逐步增长。 snr n. 方案；情节；剧本,10 kick off 1.PHRASAL VERB In football, when the players kick off, they start a game by kicking the ball. (足球或橄榄球比赛的) 开球 例：They kicked off an hour ago. 他们是1小时前开球的。 2.PHRASAL VERB In American football, when the players kick off, they resume a game by kicking the ball. (足球比赛中) 重新开始 3.PHRASAL VERB If an event, game, series, or discussion kicks off, or is kicked off, it begins. 开始 (事件、比赛等) 例：The shows kick off on October 24th. 展览从10月24日开始。,The mayor kicked off the party. 市长揭开了宴会的序幕。 4.PHRASAL VERB If you kick off your shoes, you shake your feet so that your shoes come off. 踢掉 (鞋子) 例：She stretched out on the sofa and kicked off her shoes. 她在沙发上伸了个懒腰然后踢掉鞋子。 5.PHRASAL VERB To kick someone off an area of land means to force them to leave it. 赶走 例：We cant kick them off the island. 我们不能把他们从岛上赶走。,11. bode bud 预示 V-I If something bodes ill, it makes you think that something bad will happen in the future. If something bodes well, it makes you think that something good will happen. 为的预兆 例：She says the way the bill was passed bodes ill for democracy. 她说议案通过的方式预示民主的恶运。,VI. Text IGiant Leaps: Top Milestones of Human Spaceflight In this part, about 8 minutes is given to the Ss to finish reading Text I and do the exercises after the text, which will practice the reading skill-scanning , one of the teaching objectives in this unit. During this period of time, the teacher walks around and checks their work. After their reading, some Ss are asked to tell the other Ss which the correct answers are and how and where they get the answers on the basis of the context clues. If some student cannot get the right answer, another student or the teacher may help him/ her.,VII. Difficult phrases and words Difficult Words , phrases and background knowledge 1. humanity slipped Earths surly bonds 脱离了大地执拗的束缚飞上天际 silpped the surly bonds of Earth 2.spherical Vostok 1 capsule, sferikl, sfi- 球形的，球面的；天体的【Vostok 1 东方一号】,3. Sputnik 1, 斯普特尼克【人造卫星（前苏联制造）】 4. set in motion开始，调动；把发动起来 5. Valentina Tereshkova泰勒斯可娃；瓦莲京娜捷列什科娃 6. countryman 乡下人，农村人；同胞 7. Sally Ride 萨莉莱德 女宇航员(USA) 8. notched ntt adj. 有凹口的；有缺口的；有锯齿状的 9. Alexey Leonov 阿列克谢列昂诺夫,10. environs invairnz周边地区 11. Voskhod 2 上升号飞船2号 Finally, Voskhod 2 went off course during re-entry and landed in the Ural mountains where Leonov and his commander were forced to wait for rescue amid the howls of hungry wolves. 最终，上升号飞船2号在返回大气层时脱离原轨道，最后着陆于乌利尔山。列昂诺夫和他的指挥官被迫在饿狼环伺，嗷声不断的环境下等待救援。 12. Gemini IV spacecraft. 双子座（星座）宇宙飞船；双子宫 Gemini deminai,13. of a certain age委婉语(指妇女)不算年轻了；中年的 14. Chances are, 有可能 15. were glued to全神贯注看某事 16. the lunar module登月舱 17. NASA 美国航空航天局（National Aeronautics and Space Administration） 18. thereafter, adv. 其后；从那时以后 19. Buzz Aldrin巴兹奥尔德林 （美登月宇航员） 20. stopped short of 决定不做某事；未到达；缺乏 21. Salyut 1礼炮号（俄罗斯航天站） s:lju:t; slju:t,22. docking problems 入坞的问题，对接问题 23. Soyuz 11 联盟号 苏联（宇宙飞船系列名）spacecraft 24. de-pressurized v. 增压；密封；使加压 25. re-entry重新返回 26.coalition ,kulin联盟，联合，结合，合并 27. penthouse suite顶层豪华公寓; 顶层豪华套间 at the Four Seasons. 一年四季 28. ISS. International Space Station 国际空间站 29. Virgin Galactic, 维珍银河航空公司 30. suborbital(火箭，导弹等)亚轨道的,31. joyrides 驾车游玩 32. spaceflyer宇航员 33. taikonaut“中国宇航员（由汉语拼音taikong和astronaut缩合而成） 34. first-ever. adj. 第一例；前所未有 35. SpaceShipOne太空船一号 36. aerospace engineer Burt Rutan航空工程师伯特鲁坦 37. Scaled Composites 缩尺复合体公司,38. Ansari X prize. 安萨里X大奖 安萨里X大奖（Ansari X Prize)由X大奖基金（X Prize Foundation)主办。1996年5月，X大奖基金会的创始人Peter Diamandis从林德伯格的书圣路易斯精神中受到启发，为了激励新的私人载人航天技术的创新，设立了总额