高考英语难点解析3抽象名词具体化.doc

高考英语重点语法解析（3）抽象名词具体化抽象名词具体化是一重要的语法项目，也是困扰考生的难点之一，现就这一语法项目进行归纳总结，为考生指点迷津。抽象名词具体化通常可分为以下四类抽象名词具体化是一重要的语法项目，也是困扰考生的难点之一，现就这一语法项目进行归纳总结，为考生指点迷津。抽象名词具体化通常可分为以下四类：一、 示情感、情绪的词，强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词有：1. beauty美、美丽（不可数名词）a beauty美人、美丽的东西（可数名词）如：the beauty of nature大自然的美He regarded his wife as a beauty.他把妻子视为美人。2. experience经验（不可数名词）an experience一次经历（可数名词）如：Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的老师。An unusual experience一次不同寻常的经历3. surprise吃惊、惊奇（不可数名词）a surprise令人吃惊的人或事（可数名词）如：in surprise惊奇地、吃惊地/to ones surprise令人吃惊的是What a surprise to see you here! 在这里见到你真是个意外的事。4. pleasure愉快、高兴（不可数名词）a pleasure一个乐事、一个乐趣（可数名词）如：with pleasure高兴地、乐意地/take pleasure in以为乐、爱好Its a pleasure to work with him. 和他一块儿工作是件乐事。5. pride骄傲（不可数名词）a pride令人骄傲的人或事（可数名词）如：He takes pride in his son.他以儿子为骄傲。He is a pride to his parents.他是父母的一个骄傲。6. reality实际（不可数名词）a reality一个实现的事、现实（可数名词）如：in reality事实上His hope has become a reality.它的希望成为了现实。7. honor荣誉、信誉（不可数名词）an honor一种光荣的人或事（可数名词）如：for the honor of the country为了国家的荣誉Its an honor to speak here.在这里发言是我的荣幸。8. success成功（不可数名词）a success一个成功的人或事（可数名词）如：be sure of success确信成功He is a great success as a scientist.作为科学家，他是个伟大的成功者。9. failure失败（不可数名词）a failure/failures失败的人或事（可数名词）如：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。He had had six failures and would have a seventh try.他已经历六次失败，并将再次努力。10. comfort安危、舒适（不可数名词）a comfort一个令人安慰的人或事（可数名词）如：enjoy comfort享受舒适Books become a comfort to him.书籍成为他的一种安慰。11. promise希望、前途、出息（不可数名词）a promise允诺、诺言（可数名词）如：The crops are full of promise.这些庄稼长势喜人。keep/break/carry out a promise信守/违背/履行诺言12. danger危险（不可数名词）a danger可能引起危险的人或物（可数名词）如：In war, a soldiers life is full of danger.战争中，士兵的生命充满了危险。The man is a danger to society.那是个对社会危险的人物。二、 表行为的抽象名词，强调其具体表现形式时，常以a/an加抽象名词，或a/an+形容词+抽象名词。常用短语、句型如下：have a wonderful supperhave a strong characterhave a bright futurehave a good timehave a population of have a good knowledge/understanding of have an income of receive a good educationreceive a warm welcomecover an area ofreach a height ofIts a waste of time/money.Its a great help to me.Its a pity that三、 表示具体动作意义的抽象名词，加a/an与某些动词（have, take, make, give）等词连用时，表示某一次短暂的动作。have a swim/rest/look/trip/discussion/smoke/wash/sleeptake a walk/bathgive/take a trymake an advance/an early start/an apology take/have a great interest go out for a walk四、 接同源宾语的短语，通常名词表示具体化意义。die a heroic deathlive/lead a happy/simple/hard/poor/bitter lifedream a strange dream抽象名词具体化巩固练习1. It is often said that teachers have _very easy life.A. 不填；不填 B. 不填；a C. the; 不填 D. the; 不填2. He developed _deep interest in insects when he was at_ age of 8.A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a3. Its _pity that the meeting was _complete success.A. the; 不填 B. a; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填; a4. She tried to make the children live _ , which is _great comfort to her.A. in comfort; a B. in comforts; 不填 C. in a comfort; a D. in comfort; 不填5. What a great _ it is to work here! Everybody is so kind to me.A. failure B. job C. fun D. pleasure6. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _good knowledge of basic word formation.A. 不填 B. the C. a D. one7. “What _great surprise to meet you here!” She said in surprise.A. 不填; 不填 B. a; 不填 C. 不填; the D. a; a8. _M(m)oney plays an important role in material world. But you cant expect it to give you _real happiness.A. A; the B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. The; the9. Reading is _ good habit. Stick to it, and youll make _great progress.A. a; 不填 B. a; a C. the; a D. 不填; a10. Do you think an advertisement is _help when you look for a job?-Well, it depends. Anyway, it gives me more of _chance to try.A. a; a B. 不填; 不填 C. the; the D. a; the11.Jumping out of airplane at ten thousand feet is quite_exciting experience. (NMET 2002) A.不填；the B.不填；an C.an；an D.the；the12. Many people agree that_knowledge of English is_must in international trade today. A.a；a B.the；an C.the；the D.不填；the13. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain_good knowledge of basic word information. (上海2002) A./ B.the C.a D.one14. I hear that as many as 150 people were killed in the earthquake. Yes，_news came as_shock to us. A.the；the B.the；a C.不填；不填 D.不填；a15. He has_great interest in history，especially in_history of Tang Dynasty. A.a；the B.a；/ C./；the D./；a16.Nowadays many young people get into_habit of smoking in_public and cant kick it. A.the；the B./；/ C./；the D.the；/17.The news is spreading from mouth to mouth. Yes，its become_talk of_town. A.a；a B.the；/ C.the；the D.a；/18. In face of_failure，it is the most important to keep up_good state of mind. A./；a B.a；/ C.the；/ D./；the19. Having received_training of the Ms.Company，he was offered_important position in management. A.the；an B.不填；an C.the；不填 D.a；a20. In_Sahara Desert，_rain was scarce，but in my hometown there is_heavy rain now and t