选修6unit5Thepowerofnature知识点.doc

选修六Unit 5 The power of nature重点词汇讲解1volcano n. pl. volcanoesan active volcano活火山an extinct volcano死火山a dormant volcano休眠火山volcanology 火山学volcanologist火山学家 pianist physicist novelist2. erupt vi1)（火山）爆发，喷发Mount Vesuvius hasnt erupted for a good many years. 维苏威火山。2)（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然发生，爆发Violence in street can erupt for no apparent reason. 在没有明显原因的情况下。erupt into laughter / shouting / crying, etc.突然大笑/叫喊/大哭He erupted into laughter without any reason. erupt , explode , burst erupt 喷出 ，爆发 。强调突然发生，也可作比喻意义。explode 爆炸，爆发。只混合物点燃后空气突然膨胀而释放大量的热能，同事发出巨响。作比喻时表示一种感情的突然释放或对事物的破坏。burst 爆炸，爆发。强调在强大的压力作用下突然释放出能量。也可比喻意义，之人的敢侵犯的宣泄。The bomb exploded at a great distance from out observationpoint ,but with so much noise that I was deafened for several minutes.The poor girl burst into tears when she heard the bad news.3. alongside 1) prep. with “和” ; beside “在.旁边”Its a pleasure to work alongside such men. The boat pulled up alongside the dock（码头）.2) adv. 在旁边;沿着;靠拢着;并排地The police car drew up alongside. 拓展：alongside of 在旁边，与并排，与相比alongside with 与一起， 除.以外4 . equipment 【u】 n.1) 配备,装备The complete equipment of the new hospital will take a year. 把这个新医院的设备配齐要化一年时间。2) 设备， 器材This is a usual piece of equipment for the kitchen.medical / office equipment equip v. 装备,使有准备使能够做某事Equip ourselves with knowledgeEquip the army with modern weapons5. Sometimes working indoors, Im never bored.bored (人)厌烦的boring （物）令人厌烦的I am bored with the same old routine day after day.The book is boring.bore v. (尤指无聊的长话)使(人)厌烦-I am sorry I spoke for so long -I hope I didnt bore you. bore sb. to death 使某人厌烦得要命He is always asking the same question, which bores me to death. bore n. 令人厌烦的人,令人厌烦的事Doing housework is a real bore. 6. appoint vt.任命,指派 appoint sb. as/to beThey appointed him (to be) manager.Who shall we appoint as chairman ?约定,指定;安排Our visitors arrived at the appointed time. 拓展：appoint sb. to do sth. appoint a time / place / for sth. / to do sth. The time appointed for the meeting is 10:30.appointment n.(尤指正式的)约会+withhave an appointment with sb. 与某人约会I have an appointment with them in the evening. 7. evaluate vt. 评估，评价I cannot evaluate his ability without seeing his work. By marks in number or letters, the teacher evaluates a students homework. 作“评价”讲时，其同意词是appraise ;“高度评价”可用highly appraise ,speak highly of , set a high value on . think highly of来表示。evaluate water quality , evaluate method , evaluate factorevaluation n. 评估，评价They made an intensive evaluation of the health care program.evaluate , estimate , value evaluate: 往往用来表示“评价.”，而很少用来表示“估计”某物的市场价值。estimate：表示“估计”，只是猜测，甚至只是一种想法。value：多用来估计某物的价值。The research project has only been under way for 3 months ,so its too early to evaluate its success.We estimated that it would cost about 5,000 dollars.The car has been valued at over 20,000 yuan.8. burn to the ground 完全(楼房等)烧毁He has no place to live in because his house has been burnt to the ground. 与burn搭配的常用词组有： burn away烧掉 Half of the candle had burnt away.burn down 渐渐烧完 The room grew colder as the fire burnt down.burn sth. down 把烧得精光 Dont forget to turn off the gas-you might burn the house down. burn up 烧得更旺 He put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.burn sth. up 把烧掉 He has burnt up all the garden rubbish.burn off 烧掉某物，消耗 burn to death 烧死 burn out 烧光 burn oneself out 耗尽某人精力9 . unfortunately adv. fortune n.运气，财富，财产/ v. fortunate adj. fortunately adv. unfortunate adj. unfortunately adv.make a fortune, have a good /bad fortunetry ones fortunetell sb.s fortunebe (un)fortunate to do sth.be (un)fortunate in 10. wave v. 1）指固定的物体王府或者上下摆动或摇动2）（指人）挥手、招手、摆手3）（使某物）呈弧形a flag waving in the breeze , a field of waving corn;He waved ( to us ) when he saw us.She has her hair waved .n. 波浪，The storm whipped up (掀起了) huge waves.拓展：wave band （无线电波）波段 wave length （光波、声波等的）波长 in waves 一批一批，一阵一阵wave sth. aside 不理会某事11. However, the eruption itself is really exciting to watch and I shall never forget my first sight of one.然而火山喷发本身的确是很壮观的，我永远也忘不了我第一次看见火山喷发时的情景。在“主语+be+形容词+不定时”句型中，有时主语是不定时结构的逻辑主语，这时应用主动形式表示被动含义。适合于此结构的形容词比较多，最常用的有amusing, dangerous, difficult, easy, important, nice, pleasant 等当上述形容词在句子做宾语补足语，后接不定时，不定时也用主动形式表被动意义That question is difficult to answer.Chicken legs are nice to eat.I found him easy to get along with.They dont think the game interesting to play.sight , scene , scenery, viewsight: 表示“风景，名胜”时用复数形式，人文景观；还有“视力”意思。scene： 指一眼可以浏览的风景，不限于自然风景。scenery：集合名词，至该地区的“整个风景”，是有多个scene构成的景色。view : 常指在远处或高处，一人的角度看到的scenery一部分。Birds have better sight than dogs. We have a fine view of the lake from our hotel window.Guilin is world-famous for its scenery. There are many beautiful scenes in the park.12. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.由于我已经在夏威夷经历过好几次地震，所以我并没过多注意。Having分词短语在句中作状语，表示动作发生在主句动作take notice之前。Having cleaned the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match.Having been flooded for several weeks, the city needed food.experience v. “体验，经历”n. “经验，体验（不可数）;“经历，体会（可数）The old man experienced two world warsShe has had two years experience in teaching.He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Europe.take notice of sb or sth 注意到（常用于否定句）Take no notice of what others say about your way of life.13. fountain n.1) 泉水;喷泉;水源A beautiful stone fountain was set in the middle of the garden. 花园中央砌造了一个漂亮的石头喷水池。2） (知识等的)源泉;根源(+of)Ancient Greece was a fountain of wisdom and philosophy. 14. absolute adj. 完全的，真实的Its an absolute fact.He said with absolute certainty that he was right.I have absolute trust in your honest.absolute 没有比较级，不能被表示程度的副词如very修饰，但可用nearly来修饰。拓展:absolute zero 绝对零度absolute majorityabsolute trustabsolute proof 确凿证据absolutely adv.完全地，无条件地,完全对absolutely right十分对，对极了，当然（口语，作为对一问题的回答或评语）-Do you let your kids walk alone at night? -Absolutely not. 15. suitn. (一套)衣服 CI picked out a black suit.vt.1） 适合,中.的意The arrangement suited us both. 这个安排对我们两人都合适。2） (不用被动式)与.相配,与.相称This dress suits you beautifully. 这件衣服你穿非常合适。vi. 相称;彼此协调(+to/with)The position suits with his abilities.16. make ones way向某地走去,有出息She hesitated, but made her way forward. She hastily left the room ,and made her way to her bedIf you want to make your way in the world, you must learn to work hard while you are still young. make way (for)让路,让位All the traffic has to make way for a fire engine所有的车辆都得给救火车让路.I shall make way for a younger man. feel one way摸索前进push ones way挤过find ones way找到路，设法到达go ones way走自己的路，我行我素fight ones way奋勇前进wind ones /its way蜿蜒前进lose ones way迷路17. Today, I am just as enthusiastic about my job as the day I first started.如今，我和当初从事这项工作时一样满怀热情。在句中，the day 作复合连词用，引导时间状语从句I first started名词短语each time, every time, the moment（一就）和the day 等都可以用作复合名词，引导时间状语从句，使用时注意短语前面不可以有介词，后面不用when.I will give him your message the minute he arrivesEvery time he says” to tell the truth” I suspect that he is about to tell a lie.He bought a computer the day he got his salary18. potentialn. U. 可能性;潜力,潜能 (+for)She has acting potential, but she needs training. He is a young player with great potential.The new invention has enormous sales potential.It was his high school teacher that discovered his potential and kept encouraging him.adj. 潜在的，可能的A number of potential buyers expressed interest in the company.This is a machine with several potential uses.Education develops potential abilities. 19. actual adj. 真实的； 实际的What were his actual words？The actual cost was much higher than we had expected.James looks younger than his wife but in actual fact (=really)he is several years older.actuality n. 真实，实际actually adv. 的确，真实地，事实上= as a matter of fact=in fact20. candidate n. 1.） 候选人;候补者They were in favor of the Democratic candidate for President. 他们支持民主党总统候选人。2）求职应征者Milo was the strongest candidate for the job. 洛在求职应征者中具备最好的条件。21. precious adj. 贵重的,宝贵的,珍贵的He has sent me most precious gifts. Time is precious. 22. unconscious adj.1）不省人事的,失去知觉的He injured his head and was unconscious for one hour.2.）不知道的,未发觉的 (+of)They were so quiet that he was completely unconscious of their presence. 3）无意识的,不知不觉的an unconscious error 无意识犯的错误23. shoot vt. (shoot-shot-shot)1） 发射,放射He shot the arrow from the bow.他拉弓把箭射了出去。2）拍摄The new movie was shot in Africa.3）射(门);投(篮);击(球);掷(骰子)He shot two goals in the game. n.幼芽,幼枝24. tremble vi.1）tremble with 因而发抖Her voice trembled with anger. They trembled with cold.2）焦虑,担忧+at/for to-vShe trembled for her daughters safety. 3）摇晃,摇动The whole house trembled as the train went by. 火车开过时,整幢房子都晃动。n. 震颤,发抖;震动25. anxious adj.1） 焦虑的,挂念的 +about /at / forIm anxious about her safety.2）令人焦虑的The days of the earthquake was an anxious time for all of us. 3）渴望的 for / +to-v / +thatWere anxious for your safe return. 我们盼望你平安归来。Im really anxious to see him. 我急于见他。anxiety n.1）焦虑,挂念 U C + about / forThe mother was filled with anxiety about her daughters health. .忧心忡忡。2) 焦虑的原因;令人焦虑之事 C+toThat is a great anxiety to me. 那是一件使我深感焦虑的事情。3)渴望 C +for/ +to-vTheir anxiety to go was obvious.他们想去的急切心情是显而易见的。26. panic v. / n.(使)恐慌,惊慌失措He had to force himself not to panic.He got into a panic when he found the door was locked.be in / get into a panic about sth. 对.惊慌panic at /over sth. 对惊慌失措The crowd paniced at the sound of the gun.in a panic在惊慌中27. glance through/at /down/over浏览，匆匆看一遍I only had time to glance at the newspaper.He glanced briefly down the list of names. 草草.She glanced through the report. 大致28. vary v. “变化”The security always varies its route. 保安车常常改变路线。Opinions on this matter vary.(彼此）在这问题上意见很不一致。vary from to 在到之间变动The temperature varies from time to time.The weather varied from very cold to quite mild.vary with随而变化Leaves varies with the seasons.various adj. different from each other， of different kindsThere has been snow today in various parts of the country. 今天全国不同地区都下了雪。The products we sell are many and various. 我们出售的产品是各式各样的。variety n.1) = change (质量,种类和特征的)变化He doesnt like the work because it lacks variety. 因为它单调乏味。2) = kind 种类,品种:different varieties of bananas a variety of 许多，各种各样These T-shirts are available in a wide variety of colors. 有各种各样的颜色供挑选.29.