小学英语总复习-介词.doc

小学英语总复习小学英语介词总结介词（Preposition）一、 概述介词是英语中很活跃的词，一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。二、 常用介词的基本用法at表示时间：I go to school at seven every day我每天早上7点去上学。表示在某一具体地点：He is standing at the bus stop他站在公共汽车站。表示动作的方向、目标：Let me have a look at the picture让我看看这幅图。用于某些固定搭配：at once 立刻、马上 at last 最后at the same time 同时 at first 开始时not at all 一点也不about表示大约时间：Is about six oclock now.现在大约6点钟了。表示地点；在周围：Everthing about me is so beautiful我周围的一切都那么美好。关于，对于：We are talking about the news.我们正在谈论新闻。after在之后：After dinner I watch TV.晚饭后我看电视。在后面：He came into the room after me.他在我后面进了房间。behind在之后：There is a bike behind the tree.树后有一辆自行车比晚，迟于：The train is behind time.火车晚点了by在旁：He is sitting by the bed.他正坐在床边。到时候：We have learned three English songs by now.到现在为止，我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。以方式：I go to school by bus.我乘公共汽车去上学。用于某些固定搭配：one by one 一个接一个by the way 顺便说一句for为，给，替：Ill make a card for my teacher.我要给老师做张卡片。由于：Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮我。表示给（某人）用的：There is letter for you.这儿有你一封信。in在里面：The pencil is in the desk.铅笔在课桌里。在一段时间里：We have four classes in the morning.我们上午有四节课。用，以：Whats this in English?这用英语怎么说？在某一年份，季节，月份：in 2002, in spring, in January表示状态，服饰：Helen is in yellow.海伦身穿黄色衣服。在方面：He is weak in English.他的英语不行。用于某些固定搭配：in front of 在前面in the end 最后in time 及时like像样：He looks like his father.他像他的父亲。这样，那样：Dont look at me like that.别那样看着我。怎样：Whats the weather like?天气怎样。near靠近，在附近：My bed is near the window.我的床在窗户旁。of的（表示所属关系）：This is a photo of my family.这是一张我家的照片。的（用于所有格）：He is a friend of mine.他是我的一个朋友。表示数量（与连词连用）：One of us is from Beijing.我们中有一个来自北京想到，谈到：I often think of them.我常常想到他们。用于某些固定搭配：of course 当然because of 因为，由于on在上面：There are some apple on the tree.树上有些苹果。在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）：They go to English class on Sunday.星期天他们去上英语课。I left Beijing on the morning of May 1.我在5月1日早上离开北京。用于某些固定搭配：on duty 值日 on time 准时over在正上方：There is a lamp over the table.桌子上方有一盏灯。遍及，穿过：There is a bridge over the river.有座桥横跨那条河。超过，不止：She is a little over 2.她两岁多了。to到，往，向：He walks to the window.他走向窗户。表示时间、数量， 到为止Please count from ten to thirty.请从10数到30.向，对，给：Happy New Year to you all.大家新年好。underWhats under your desk?你书桌底下是什么？with和，写：Could you go home with me?你能和我一起回家吗？表示伴随状态，带有：Whos that girl with glasses?那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁？三、 介词的固定搭配1)介词和名词的连用2)动词和介词的连用atarrive at/in到达at first起初；开始get off下车at last最后help sb. With sth.帮组某人做某事at school在上课，在上学ask for请求at the moment此刻get up起床at home在家；无拘束laugh at嘲笑at present现在learn from向学习at work上班，在工作look after照顾at the same time同时look for寻找think for想到onworry about担心on duty值日listen to听on holiday度假look at看；注视on time准时talk about交谈；谈on the left/right在左/右边wait for等候；等on the radio在广播中thank for为而感谢on foot步行on sale出售；降价出售3)形容词和介词连用on TV在电视上播放be afraid of害怕on the phone在电话中be careful with小心；关心on the way在路上be interested in对感兴趣be good at善于inbe proud of感到自豪in all总体be crazy about酷爱in class在课堂上be late for干某事迟到in English用英语be good for对有利in short总之4）其他in a hurry匆忙地by+交通工具in the end最后by bus/tra