初中英语常见的十二种句型.doc

初中英语常见的十二种句型来源：网络资源 作者： 时间：2008-10-22 点击： 142 句型(一) such+名词性词组+thatSo+形容词/副词+that如此以致例如：(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是一个好老师，我们都爱她。(2)It was such a hot day that they didnt go out for a walk as usual.这么热的天气，他们没有像往常一样去散步。注意点：1.such+a+形容词+名词+that，可以改写成：so+形容词+a+名词+that，例句(1)可以改写成：She is so good a teacher that we all love her.2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that结构中，形容词如果是many/few或much/little时，用so不用such，即：so+many/few+可数名词复数+that，so+much/little+不可数名词+that(1)There are so many people in the room that I cant get in.房间里人太多，我进不去。(2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.那人很有钱，他能买一辆小汽车。句型(二)There be，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also例如：(1)There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box.他的铅笔盒里有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。(2)Not only you but also I have been to the Great Wall.你和我都没有去过长城。(3)Either you or I am leaving for Shanghai.要么你去上海，要么我去上海。(4)Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对。(5)Both Jack and Tim are English.Jack和Tim是英国人。注意点：当这几个句型连接主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要考虑“就近原则”，对比bothand 来记忆，bothand连接主语时视为复数。句型(三)Enough+名词+to do有足够的做某事形容词/副词+enough+to do 足够做某事例如：(1)There is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足够的地方容下这些人开会。(2)The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气够大，能搬动这只箱子。注意点：enough做副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词的后面，句子可以用sothat句型改写。例句(2)可以改写为：The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气很大，能搬动这只箱子。句型(四)too+形容词/副词+to do太以致不能例如：(1)I was too excited to say a word.我激动得一个字也说不出来。(2)Tom is too short to reach the apple. Tom太矮了，拿不到那个苹果。注意点：这是一个否定句型，不能在不定式前加 not，可以用sothat结构改写，例如例句(1)可以改写成：I was so excited that I couldnt say a word. 句型(五)So that 以便/以致例如：(1)They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.他们学习很努力，为了能通过考试。(2)They started early so that they caught the early bus.他们起得很早，结果赶上了早班车。注意点：在例句(1)中,是引导目的状语；在例句(2)中，是引导结果状语。一般来讲，从句中含有情态动词的，为目的状语。无情态动词的，为结果状语。句型(六)祈使句+then/or/and+陈述句例如：(1)Work hard,and/then/and then you will live a happy life.努力工作，你就会过上幸福生活。(2)Hurry up, or we will be late for school.快点，否则我们上学就迟到了。注意点：以上句型都可以用条件状语从句来改写。例句(2)可以改写成：If we dont hurry up,well be late for school初中英语常见的十二种句型来源：网络资源 作者： 时间：2008-10-22 点击： 141 句型(七)(1)Its time for sth.是干某事的时间了。Its time (for sb) to do sth.该干某事了。Its time that sb did sth.该干某事了。例如：(1) Its time for the meeting.该开会了。(2)Its time for us to go to school.我们该上学了。(3)Its high time that you went to bed.你该上床休息了。注意点：在句型(3)中，可以在time前加rush、 high等修饰词，这个句型是虚拟语气的一种，含有“稍迟一点”的含义。而(2)则是“正是干某事的时候”。句型(八)(1)It takes sb. Some time to do sth.干某事花某人一些时间(2)sb. spend some time on sth./(in) doing sth.某人花时间在某事上/花时间干某事(3)spend some money on sth./(in) doing sth.花钱在某物上/花钱干某事(4)sth. cost sb. Some money某事花某人一些钱(5)pay some money for sth.为某事(物)付钱例如：(1)It took me two hours to write the letter.写这封信花了我两小时的时间。(2)He spends half an hour (in) reading English every morning.他每天早上花半小时读英语。(3)He spends one hour on the housework every day.他每天花一小时做家务。(4)The bike cost me 298 yuan.这辆自行车花了我298元。(5)I spent 298 yuan on the bike.我买这辆自行车花了298 元。(6)I paid 298 yuan for the bike.我花了298元买这辆自行车。注意点：cost主语一般为物；spend、pay主语一般为人。例(1)中it 用做形式主语，动词不定式为真正主语。 句型(九)(1)Why not do?为什么不干某事？(2)Lets do 让我们干某事吧。(3)Shall we do ?我们干某事好吗？(4)Would you like something/to do sth.?你想要什么吗？你想要干吗？(5)Will you please do ?请你干某事好吗？(6)What (How) about doing?干某事怎么样？例如：(1)Why not go and ask our teacher?Good idea!Lets go.为什么不去问问老师？好主意！走吧！(2)Shall we go out for a walk?No, lets go to the zoo.我们去散步怎么样？不，我们去动物园吧。(3)Will you please fetch some chalks for me?请你给我拿些粉笔，好吗？(4)What about singing an English song? Wonderful!唱首英语歌曲怎么样？好极了！注意点：这些句型都是表示“建议”的句子，可视为同义句。句型(十)(1)Lets go out for a walk,shall we?让我们出去散步，好吗？(2)Read the book carefully,will you?认真读书，好吗？注意点：在这两个句型中，(2)所代表的祈使句，一般用will you构成反意疑问句。在(1)中Lets表示包括“我”在内，用shall we，但若是let us，表示不包括“我”在内，则用will you。例如：Let us go out for a walk,will you?你让我们出去散散步，好吗？句型(十一)So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语也Neither/Nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语也不例如：(1)He can sing a lot of English songs,so can she.他会唱很多英语歌曲，她也是。(2)She speaks English very well,so do I.她英语说得好，我也是。(3)Li Lei hasnt read this book,neither has Lin Feng.李蕾没看过这本书，林风也没看过。注意点：这两个句型都表示和前面所陈述的内容相同，用倒装句。要注意和 “so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词确实是”相区别，试对比一下例(2)：A：She speaks English very well.她英语说得很好。B：so she does.确实是这样。句型(十二)I dont think his answer is right.我认为他的答案不对。例如：(1)I cant believe she is right.我相信她是不对的。(2)You dont think they will come tomorrow, do you?你认为他们明天不会来，是吗？注意点：Think、believe、suppose 等接宾语从句时，表示否定时否定主句。变为反意疑问句时，若主语是第一人称，简短问句与宾语从句的主谓语保持一致， 若主句主语是其他人称，与主句主谓语保持一致。例(1)变为反意疑问句应为：I cant believe she is right,is she?中考专题：There be句型归纳与练习来源：网络资源 作者： 时间：2008-10-22 点击： 12 There be 句型1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2. 结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语. there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。eg. There is a bird in the tree.树上有一只鸟。 There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。 There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。3. There be句型与have的区别：(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。eg.He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。变脸一：否定句 There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如： There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree. 变脸二：一般疑问句 There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可，此为调整法。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何改头换面的吧： There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? 变脸三：特殊疑问句 There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用Whos+介词短语?；当主语是物时，用Whats + 介词短语?。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：提问地点当然用Where is / are+主语?啦！例如： There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？ 中考专题：There be句型归纳与练习来源：网络资源 作者： 时间：2008-10-22 点击： 13 There be 句型专练一.根据所给汉语完成句子。1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There _ a book and two pens on the desk. 2. 钱包里有些钱。There _ some money in the picture. 3. 在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。_ _ some cards in Jims bag.4. 里面还有其他的东西吗？_ _ anything else in it?5. 我们学校有许多班。There _ many _ in our school.6. 树上没有鸟。There _ _ birds in the tree.二.选择填空：1. Are there any maps on the wall? _ A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there are. 2. How many _ are there in the picture? A. woman B. women C. buy D. milk3. There arent _ trees near the house. There is only one. A. any B. some C. many D. much4. There _ two bowls of rice on the table. A. is B. have C. has D. are5. Are there _ houses near the river? Yes, there are . A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any三.句型转换：1. There is a woman near the house.（变复数） 2. There are some buses near the hill.（变单数）3. There are some apples in the tree.（变一般问句） 4. There are some oranges in the glass.（变否定句）5. Is there a baby in the room?（变复数）6. There are many beautiful flowers in the garden. (就划线部分提问) _ _ in the garden?7. There is a bookcase in my study. （变一般问句）_ _ _ _ in your study?8. There is a soccer ball and a basketball on the floor. _ _ on the floor?9. My new dress is in the wardrobe. _ _ your new dress?10. There are some big trees behind my house. _ _ _ big trees?四.there be 与have区别专练。1. This desk _ four legs. 2. _ some books on the desk.3. Everyone _ a dictionary in my class. 4. _ (没有) knives in the room.5. I _ a new sweater. 6. _ some flowers and a desk in the room.7. _ nothing in the bag. 8. They _ something to eat初中英语句子的分类专讲专练来源：网络资源 作者： 时间：2008-10-22 点击： 21 句子的分类:由句子结构来讲，可分为三类简单一、简单句：由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子。 eg. We cleaned the windows and tidied the room. 二、并列句：由并列连词and, but,so,or,for等把两个或两个以上的简单句连起来的句子。 eg. 1)I come from China and he comes from Japan. 2)Hurry up,or youll miss the train. 3)He looked for it everywhere, but he couldnt find it. 4)She didnt know the answer to the question,so she asked the teacher. 5)Hes interested in music while John is interested in sports. 三、复合句 A.宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导宾语从句的关联词有that, if/whether, what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how等。 1、连接词 1)由连接词that引导陈述句，在口语中that常省略。 eg. He said that he would like to see the headmaster. 2)由连接词whether/if引导一般疑问句，whether和if 常可互换，但下列场合一般用whether. 介词后的宾语从句：Im thinking of whether hell come. 与or not连用：I dont know whether I should go or not. 3)由连接代词what,who(whom,whose)which或连接副词when,where,why,how引导特殊疑问句。 eg. Do you know who/whom she is waiting for? 2、语序：不管宾语从句是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，都要用陈述句语序，也就是说主谓次序不能颠倒。连接词主谓结构 (1).Bill wanted to know who did this. (2).I dont know whats the matter with Bob? (3).I dont know whats wrong with them? 3、时态：一般说来，主从句时态要统一。如果主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要用其它任何时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句应该用相应的过去时态范畴（也就是用一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。 eg.Lily wanted to know whether her grandma liked the handbag. I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo? 如果从句表明的是一个客观事实或真理，那么无论主句是什么时态，从句都只能用一般现在时。eg. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 注意：在think后的宾语从句，如果需要表示否定意义，一般不在宾语从句中否定，而是在主句中否定。 eg. I dont think that English is easy. I think that English is not easy. ( 误)初中英语句子的分类专讲专练来源：网络资源 作者： 时间：2008-10-22 点击： 22 1、同义词组的转换：指不同的词组表达同一个意思，用另一个意义相同的词组替换原句中的词组。1)Did your parents have a good time in Hangzhou? Did your parents _ _ in Hangzhou? 2)Jane prefers English to maths. Jane _ English _ than maths. 3)The smiths flew to London for their holiday yesterday afternoon. The smiths _to London for their holiday _ _yesterday afternoon. 4)Yesterday Tom heard from his sister. Yesterday Tom _ _ _ _ his sister. 5)The woman spent ￥200 on her handbag. The woman _ ￥200 _ her handbag. Her handbag _ the woman ￥200. 6)Lily taught herself Japanese. Lily _ Japanese _ _. 7)Lin Feng is weak in English. Lin Feng _ _ _ English. 2、反义词或词组的转换，相对于主语来说，动作发出的对象改变 1)They havent written to their daughter for a long time. The daughter _ _ from her parents for a long time. 2)The farmer borrowed a pan from the woman last week.The woman _ a pan _ the farmer last week. 3)Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room. _ _ to turn off the l, ights when you leave the room. 4)Lin Feng is weak in English. Lin Feng _ _ _ _ English. Lin Feng _ _ _ English. 3、比较等级的转换：形容词/副词的原级、比较级、最高级间的转换，通常用more than, less than,asas, not soas连接。 1) Japanese is not so popular as English. Japanese is _ popular _ English. 2) Jim runs faster than any other student in his class. Jim runs _ _ all the students in his class. _ runs _ than Jim in his class. _ runs _ fast _ Jim in his class. 3) He has more story-books than I. I havent _ many story-books _ he. 4、用连接词把两句合并为一句的转换。 1)The old woman was very angry.She couldnt say a word. The old woman was _ angry _ say a word. 2)Edison was very clever.He could invent a lot of things. Edison was _ _ _ invent a lot of things. 3) Jane prefers English to maths. So does Ann. _ Jane _ Ann _ English to maths. 4)You can do this before class, and you can also do it after class. You can do this _ before class _ after class. 5) This shirt doesnt look nice. That shirt doesnt look nice, either. _ this shirt _ that shirt _nice. 5、不同句子结构的转换，主要指简单句、并列句和复合句间的转换 1)We found him a good pupil. We found _ _ _ a good pupil. 2)The room is so small that my family cant live in it. The room isnt _ _ _ my family _ live in. The room is _ small _ my family _ live in. 3)His grandfather died ten years ago. It _ ten years _ his grandfather _. 4)Im not sure what I should do next. Im not sure _ _ _ next. 5)Hurry up, or youll miss the train. _ you _ hurry up, youll miss the train. 6、根据句意的转换 1) Yesterday everyone of us went to the farm except Lucy. _ Lucy _ go to the farm with us yesterday. 2)Sam is friendly to his classmates and his classmates are friendly to him. Sam _ _ well with his classmates. 3)Lily was born ten minutes earlier than I was. I am ten minutes _ than Lily. 4)English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. English _ the largest number of _ in the world. 5)Its your turn to do it. Its _ _ you to do it. 6)The children cant wait to open their presents. The children want to see the presents _ _ _ _. 7)The room is bright enough. Theres _ _ in the room. 8)We cant finish the work if you dont help us. We cant finish the work _ _ help. 9)It rained heavily last night. There _ _ _ last night. 10)He has lived in the city since he was born. He has lived in the city _ _ _. 11)The building is beautiful and there are many tall trees around it.The building _ many tall trees all _ is beautiful. 7、其它 1)I spent two hours reading the book yesterday. _ _ me two hours _ _ the book yesterday. 2)He bought the book two weeks ago. He _ _ the book _ two weeks. 3)Youre very kind to help me with my maths. _ _ very kind _ you _ help me with my maths. 4)Our teacher left the lab after he had got everything ready. Our teacher _ _ the lab _ he had got everything ready. 5)Jim said to Lin Feng, Dont fill the pan too full. Jim _ Lin Feng _ _ fill the pan too full. 思考题： 1)My grandfather died ten years ago. My grandfather _ _ _ _ ten years ago. 2)Spring goes on from March to May. Spring _ from March _ May. 3)The Great Wall is known to people all over the world. People all over the world _ _ _ _. 4)I think it is different from Chinese names. I dont think it is _ _ as Chinese names. 5)They planted millions of trees to save the farmland. They planted millions of trees _ _ the farmland _ _ saved. 6)The man thinks the same as I. The man _ _ me. 初中英语重要的短语、句型和习惯用法1来源：网络资源 作者： 时间：2008-10-22 点击： 18 1. get on/off(the bus) 上/下车 get up 起床 get ready for 为.作准备get oneself dressed 自己穿衣服 get well (better) 身体好 get in 进入，收集get sb.sth.=get sth.for sb. 为某人买某物get on well with sb/sth. 与某人相处很好，.进展顺利 2. have an accident 出事故 have a good time =enjoy oneself 玩得很高兴have a cold wet day 天气又冷又湿 have a cough 咳嗽 have a drink(of). 喝一杯. have a talk 听报告 have lunch 吃午饭 have.for lunch 午饭吃.have a meeting 开会have no idea 不知道 have a rest 休息一下 3. make a mistake 犯错误 mistake A for B 把A错认为Btake sth. by mistake 错拿某物 4. make friends with 与.交朋友make faces 做鬼脸make a fire 生火 make an excuse 找籍口make a.sound 发.音 make tea 沏茶 make room for. 为.找出空间make it 如期赴约 make a team 组成一个队 eg.Lets make it half past one. 注意：时间前不用介词at 5. turn sth. on/off 打开/关掉. turn sth. up/down 把.音量开大/小注意：当sth 是代词时，常放中间 6. try sth. on 试穿（衣、鞋、帽） 注意：当 sth 为it或them, 常放中间try out 试验、尝试try ones best to do sth. 尽力干某事=do ones best to do sth. 7. send sb. away 开除、解雇某人 send for sb. 派人去请某人 send up 发射 8. hear from sb 收到.的来信 hear of 听说 9. hurry off 匆匆离去，赶快去 hurry up 赶快 10. get to +名词 get +副词(不用to) reach+名词/副词 arrive in/at +大/小地点 （后接副词，不用at/in） eg. get to Shanghai、reach Shanghai 、arrive in Shanghai到达上海eg. reach home、get home、arrive home 到家 11. teach sb. English 教某人英语 teach oneself=learn sth.by oneself 自学 12.到.末为止 by the end of +过去时间 （用于过去完成时）by the end of +将来时间 （用于一般将来时）at the end of+地点 在.尽头 in the end= at last 最后，终于 13. hundreds of 成百上千 thousands of 成千上万的 millions of 成百万的 14. be pleased to do sth 很高兴地干某事 be pleased with sth. 为某事而高兴 15. be used for 被用来 be used as 被当作 be used by 被.所使用 16. so far 到目前为止， 用于现在完成时 17. on a Tuesday morning 一个星期二的早上on the morning of June 15th.1998 在1998年6月15日早上 18. keep sb.doing sth. 让某人一直干某事 keep doing sth. 继续做某事keep on doing sth. 持续不断地做某事 19. much too+形容词副词原级 实在太.too much+不可数名词 相当多的. eg. Its _ expensive. I cant buy it.Theres _ rain this year. 20. thanks to.由于，多亏thanks to ones help=because of ones help 由于某人的帮忙 thanks for ones help 谢谢某人的帮助 21. be far away froma place/sb 远离某地 22. wear out 穿坏、穿旧、用尽 常用于被动语态。其P.P为wornsell out 售完 卖完 23. two-month holiday=two months holiday 二个月的假期 24. fall asleep 入睡（进入状态） get to sleep 入睡（还没睡着） 25. stop sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事 eg. She stopped the child from listening. stop doing sth. 停止干某事，不再干某事 stop to do sth. 停止下来干另一件事。 26. hardly any +n. 几乎没有. 27. quite a/an+形容词名词 一个相当.eg. Two months is quite a long time.a very 形容词+名词eg. English is a very useful language. 28. be afraid of+名词 害怕. be afraid to+动词 担心、害怕. be afraid that+从句 恐