高考英语复习指导：使用名词要“义”准“数”清.pptx

英语资料 尽管名词所涉及的语法条目不如动词多 ，但它却和动词一样，是高考考查的重点。名词的试题 在试卷各个题型上都有体现，仅以2007年高考天津卷为 例： 单项选择第12题 One thousan d dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living _. A. bills B. expenses C . prices D. charges 答案B。考查名词的认知。living expenses生活支出。 完形填空第17，27，29，30，33 ，35等六个空，以其中27，29为例： “I ca nt think of anyone else better suited to 26 the part. Remember all the plays you used to act out fo r us?” Roberta looked down. “Im not interested.” Her mother wouldnt let the 27 drop. “Youre jus t a little scared (害怕) .Everyone gets scared. You know you 28 do it. The trick is to look past the 2 9 to find the love of what youre doing.” 26. A. accept B. playC. offer D. learn 27. A. role B. ma tterC. interest D. grade 28. A. can B. mustC. may D. should 29. A. anger B. painC. sadness D. fear 答案BBAD。 阅读理解第38题猜测词义题 The underlined word “compassion” in Paragraph 6 is the closest in meaning to _. A. pity B. praise C. support D. popularity 其猜词题段落： “Rome has tried to protect fis h more than anywhere else in the world .It stands out for recognizing that fish are interesting anim als who deserve(值得)our respect and compassion every bit as much as dogs and cats and other animals,” said Karin Robertson, a director of the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals. 答案A。依据“respec t and .”这一并列信息，从“情感”词还是“行为”词的 角度，可以猜测出词义。 短文改错第57 第57题answer应当使用名词复数answers。 从上面我 们可以看到，直接涉及名词 题目的分值就达到13分，这足以看到名词在试卷中的分 量。当然名词的分量也来自它在整个词法和语法中的地 位。它和动词一样，是语法的“核心”内容，因为，其 他词类都与它发生直接或间接的关系。例如：冠词限定 名词， 代词指代名词，形容词修饰名词，数词指代某个名词的 数目，介词“连接”名词等。 从高考备考的角度， 名词的重点，是要准确掌握名词的词义和弄清名词的“ 数”。 认准词义，记清搭配，学会辨析 近年来 ，高考有 关名词的命题特点是，题干(语段)给定清晰的语境，题项 采用不同词义的名词，考查同学们辨词、搭配等方面的 能力。 例一： He and his wife are of the same ;they bot h want their son to go to college. A. soul B. spirit C. heart D. mind 答案D。考查异义词的辨识。“他们都 想让他们的儿子上大学 ”，因此是“想法”一致，选择mind一词。 例二： You are always full of . Can you tell me the secret? Taking plenty of exercise every day. A. power B. strength C. force D. energy 答案D。考查异义词的辨识。秘诀是“每天 进行充分的锻炼”，因此才“精 力充沛”，选择energy一词。 例三：The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common _ in many part s of the city. A. look B. sign C. sight D. appearance 答案C。考查名词辨析。在这座城市的很 多地方，在大街上晾衣服的做法很常见。“常常看到 的(景象)”，选择sight一词，与动词see相对应。 例四 ：Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a_ _ of exercise. A. limit B. lackC. need D. demand 答 案B。考查异义词的辨识。“不良饮食习惯和缺乏锻 炼”“缺乏，缺少”等，选择lack一词。 In Grade Eight I took physics. In one test I get only 36 percent o