功能目的论视角下中国旅游景点名称英译策略分析

毕 业 论 文学生姓名： 李奎 学 号： 13L0251172 专 业： 英语语言文学 题 目： 功能目的论视角下中国旅游景点名称的 英译策略分析 指导教师： 崔丽（教授） 2017 年 6 月iiClassified Index:U.D.C.:Univ. Code:ID. No:13L0251172A Study of Translation Strategies of Chinese Scenic Spots Names from the Perspective of Skopos TheoryDissertation in part fulfillment of the degree of Bachelor of Arts byLI kuiSupervisor: CUI Li (professor)Specialty: English Sub Institution: Polytechnic CollegeHebei University of Science and TechnologyJune, 2017iii摘 要旅游景点介绍资料是外国游客了解中国旅游信息和传统文化最方便快捷的途径。旅游景点名称的翻译会直接影响到国外游客对某个景点的第一印象。如何翻译旅游景点的名称对我国旅游业发展至关重要。本论文以功能目的论为理论框架，对“功能目的论”的定义、基本原则及其主要内容进行了阐述。笔者还分析了旅游景点名称的特点和功能，总结出旅游景点名称具有语言通俗性，内涵的言简意丰的两个特点，在分析特点和功能的基础上，介绍了有效指导旅游景点名称翻译的两个原则：“名从主人原则”和“等效翻译原则” 。本论文结合材料详细介绍了几种常用的旅游景点名称汉译英翻译方法：音译、直译加释义。这几种翻译方法各有适用的范围和其优势，在翻译过程中要科学、灵活地运用。由于本论文作者能力有限，本论文存在着一定的局限性，例如涵盖的主题有点广泛，研究的不够透彻等。最后，本论文分析归纳了当前旅游景点翻译中存在的问题，并此基础上提出了相应的翻译策略和方法。这些翻译原则和策略还需在今后的旅游景点汉英翻译实践中进行不断再检验和再完善。关键词: 功能目的论；旅游景点名称；等效原则；名从主人原则ivAbstract Scenic spots introduction is the easiest and best way for foreigners to get Chinese tourist information and traditional culture. The spots names translation affect foreigners first impression directly. So how to translate spots name plays an important role in our countys tourism. This thesis base on skopos theory as theoretical framework, mainly probes into the definition, three rules and their relationship, and arguments on skopos theory. This thesis starts with the analysis of the features and function of the scenic spots names. The language use should be easy to understand. Though the name are short，they are rich in content. Based on the analysis of characteristic and function, this thesis introduces two principles， “complying with the original forms of expression” and “equivalence”. The thesis also introduce some common translation skills from Chinese into English with materials in detail: transliteration, literal translation and annotation. These methods have their own advantages and limits, so we need use scientific and flexible way to translation. There remain limitations due to personal incompetence of the author. For example，the study covers a wide range of topics, and they are not profound and thorough enough. In a word, the thesis analyzes many translation problems and mistakes in current scenic spots names and give effective ways to solve the problems.Therefore, these principles and approaches proposed in this paper need to be further tested and modified in future translation practices. Key Words: skopos theory；tourism scenic spots names；equivalence；complying with the original forms of expressionvThis work is original and has not been submitted in support ofany degree qualification or course.DATE OF SUBMISSION: 6/10/2017SIGNATURE: viContentsAbstract(in Chinese).iiiAbstract(in English).iv1. Introduction.12. LiteratureReview.32.1. The Definition of Scenic Spot Names.32.2. Studies Abroad.32.3. Studies at Home.43. Theoretical Framework.73.1. Definition of Skopos Theory.73.2. Three Rules of Skopos Theory and Their Relationship.73.3. Arguements on Skopos Theory .84. Functions of Scenic Spot Names and Thier Translation Principles.114.1. The Characteristics of Scenic Spot Names.114.2. The Functions of Scenic-Spot Names.11 4.3. Translation Principles of Scenic-Spot Names.12 5. Translation Strategies of Scenic Spot Names .155.1. Transliteration.155.2. Literal Translation.165.3. Annotation.166. Conclusion.18References.19viiAcknowledgements.20Polytechnic College, Hebei University of Science and Technology111. IntroductionWith the development of economic globalization and more and more multinational cooperation，the international tourism develop rapidly in the modern society. Therefore, the translation of scenic spot names has received considerable attention and China has made great progress in tourism translation. Moreover, the translation of scenic spots has gradually become one of the important researches in the field of translation in China. The Chinese government is constantly optimizing the environment of Chinas Foreign Affairs in order to better declare chinas profound historic culture and the beautiful natural scenery and promote Chinas foreign tourism development. The translation of names of scenic spots is the first step in translation. A decent translation will arouse foreign people on a natural landscape or human geography interest. For that, the foreign visitors will be able to acquire knowledge of the humanities, geography, traditions, and environment. It will even stimulate the tourists feelings of Chinese traditional culture and Chinese nation. This will increase the prosperity and development of international tourism in China.With the fast development of tourism, scenic spots translation causes more and more concern. Among the translation of scenic spots from Chinese to English, the most attractive thing is the spots name. Good scenic spots name can grab tourists eyes immediately, and leave a nice impression. Many scholars and experts have done many valuable researches on the translation from Chinese scenic spots name into English by using different approaches. Of course, their researches are of great value for further translation studies on both theory and practice, because they have provided us with a good deal of translation practical experience and theoretical enlightenment in this field. However, it cannot be negated that it still exists further and more incisive investigation. There are three evident limitations with respect to the previous researches: Polytechnic College, Hebei University of Science and Technology2First, the scenic spots name lacks of thorough research on the existing problems. A lot of researches have touched upon one or some aspects of the existing problems in the English translation of Chinese scenic spots name, for example, grammatical mistakes, idioms, culturally loaded lexemes and so on. Second, the scenic spots name lacks of theoretical support. There are some theories like text typology theory and skopos theory that have been used recently, but most articles are limited by the skills of some cultural terms, names of scenic spots, idioms and so on. The skills perhaps are helpful to solve certain translation problems at the low-level individual linguistic elements, but the high-level problems are still left to be solved. In addition, some articles are only related to a single aspect in culture, cognition and aesthetics. Third, the present scenic spots name lacks of adequate datum. Some of the researches are confined to lexical and sentential discussions, while these discussions are seldom available on the discourse level.Based on the above review of researches on scenic spots names translation, the present author attempts to carry out insightful researches on the current problems in the English translation of Chinese scenic spots names and looks for some possible solutions to these problems from the perspective of skopos theory.Polytechnic College, Hebei University of Science and Technology32. Literature ReviewAlthough the existing translation of some tourist materials has made a lot of contribution to the development of Chinas tourism industry. But on the whole, its quality is far from satisfying the needs of spreading Chinese culture and attracting target language readers. In this thesis the author collected and summarized some literatures at home and abroad.2.1 The definition of Scenic Spot NamesThe scenic spot names refers to the name of the landscape，the waterside pavilion，or the famous historical relics. These names or carved in stone, or written on the sign, or appear in the brochure, tourist guide, tourism promotion, tourism website map and so on. But these scenic spot names doesnt included its specific description of its meanings.2.2 Studies AbroadIn recent years China pays great attention to cultural exchanges and establish the Confucius Institute. Thus，Chinese culture has been transmitted to all over the world. But it is undeniable that the cultural communication in China started late than the other country and it