英国文学的教案EnglishliteratureintheRenaissance14th-16th

1、The Renaissance English Literature,Renaissance(文艺复兴),Social, cultural and intellectual movement embracing the whole Western Europe First appeared in Italy in the 14th century, with the flowering or flourishing of painting, sculpture and literature representatives: Dante(但丁) (The Divine Comedy); Bocc

2、accio（薄迦丘） (Decameron) Leonardo da Vinci , Michelangelo , Raphael,Last Supper,最后的晚餐 （意大利） 达 芬奇画 1495 - 1497年 米兰圣玛利亚格拉契修道院藏,辩论圣体圣事,拉斐尔:(1483-1520)意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的画家之一，代表了文艺复兴时期艺术家从事理想美的事业所能达到的最高峰。,杜利圣家族,米开朗基罗博那罗蒂(1475-1564)是一位多才多艺的博学的艺术大师。他集雕刻家、画家、建筑家、诗人于一身,Renaissance（文艺复兴）,Rebirth or revival of ancien

3、t Greek and Roman culture and civilization It marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world,Renaissance in England,Economic background Political background Religious background,Economic background,development of wool trade Enclosure Movement 圈地运动 (sheep devoured men) Rich merchants and cr

4、aftsmen bourgeoisie peasants laborers in towns proletariat Conflicts between the ruling and laboring classes,Political background,Feudalist relations capitalism,Religious background,Catholic church (corruption, superstition) Religious reformation (Martin Luther) Henry VIII (1531) Church of England (

5、Anglican church) 1534,Henry 8 ( a Tudor Monarch),Transition from the medieval to the modern world,Subordination to the feudalist rule freedom, independence and individual development A life of superstition(迷信), obscurantism（蒙昧主义） and asceticism （禁欲主义）to change and exploration of the world, capacity

6、of man, beauty and joy of life,Characteristics,Economically： development of trade enclosure movement uprisings Politically: feudalist relations capitalism feudal nobility rising bourgeoisie Religiously: Roman Catholic Church Church of England; Culturally: interest in God and life after death signifi

7、cance of man and enjoyment of life,Renaissance,In essence, the Renaissance is a historical period in which the European progressive writers and scholars (humanists人文主义者) made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of t

8、he rising bourgeoisie（资产阶级）, and to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church,The essence of the Renaissance is humanism,Thomas More (1478-1535) Edmund Spenser (1552-1599) Francis Bacon (1561-1626) William Shakespeare（1564-1616） Ben Johnon (1572-1637),文艺

9、复兴时期文学代表人物,The contributions of the Renaissance to the English literature will be overlooked without including Thomas More and his masterpiece Utopia.,Thomas More(1478-1535),Thomas More （1478-1535）,Life story: son of a judge educated at Oxford made to study law and became a lawyer 22，MP, offended Ki

10、ng VII entered a monastery(寺院) then returned to secular life King VIII, given one political post after another sent to Tower of London for imprisonment 1532 indicted of high treason and beheaded in 1535,Utopia first written in Latin in 1515 then translated to English in 1551 “nowhere” Part I: social

11、 evils “even a beasts life is enviable” cause of all the social evils the existence of private property,MasterpieceUtopia(乌托邦),Part2: Utopia foundation of an ideal society is the abolishment or abolition of private property,All land is held in common.All citizens are equal.Universal education for al

12、l children.,More coined the word utopia，and his account of an imaginary communist society not only has given rise to the genre of utopian fiction but has been an inspiration to generations of political reformers.,Edmund Spenser,Edmund Spenser,Edmund Spenser and Philip Sidney are the two most importa

13、nt poets of the English Renaissance. They were labeled “court poets” because they were of noble birth. Spenser was known as the Poets Poet by later generation.,Spenser had a very good education at Merchant Taylors School and then at Cambridge. In 1580, he was appointed secretary to Lord Grey of Wilt

14、on, the queens deputy in Ireland. In 1598, a fierce Irish rebellion broke out. Spenser was forced to escape from Ireland. In 1599, he died “for want of bread” (Ben Jonsons words) and was buried in Westminster Abbey.,Edmund Spensers Works,The Shepherds Calendar (1579) 牧人日历 His 12 eclogues represent t

15、he 12 months of the year and discuss themes of love, religion, poetry and others. The Faerie Queene (1580) His masterpiece dedicated to Queen Elizabeth Amoretti (1594) 爱情小唱 His best known sonnet sequence of love,Edmund Spencer(1552-1590)the poets poet,Masterpiece: The Faerie Queen 仙后 12 knights+ Art

16、hur Qualities of the poem: rich scenes a splendid imagination metrical pattern and a perfect melody,A gentle knight was pricking on the plaine, Ycladd in mightie armes and silver shielde, Wherein old dints of deepe wounde did remaine, The cruel markes of many a bloudy fielde; Yet armes till that tim

17、e did he never wield: His angry steede did chide his foming bitt, As much disdayning to the curbe to yield: Full jolly knight he seemd, and faire did sitt, As one for knightly giusts and fierce encounters fitt. 高贵的骑士在平原上策马驰骋， 挎著锋利的刀枪和银光闪烁的盾牌， 盾上深深的刀痕是历史的见证， 永不让人忘记多次浴血沙场的残酷历程； 但骑士却是第一次披甲挂帅。 他的烈马愤怒地责怪

18、著韁绳， 像是说决不屈从於羁绊的窒碍。 快乐的骑士在马上英姿飒爽， 善於比武，也能在战场与敌人激烈交锋。,Spenserian stanza,A Gentle Knight was pricking on the plaine , Ycladd in mighttie armes and silver shielde , Wherein old dints of deepe wounds did remaine , The curell markes of many a bloudy fielde ; Yet armes till that time did he never wield : His angry steede did chide hi