M7Unit1grammar（共59张PPT）.ppt

1、南京师范大学附属扬子中学,陈云 严玉霞,My family will move _a new flat. We need a lot of new household appliances _we can move_. Last Saturday, we went _a department store. The household appliances section is _the fifth floor.,to,in,to,on,before,on in to into for after before,Complete the article with the following pr

2、epositions.,We first bought a fridge and an electric rice cooker. My parents suggested we buy a microwave oven so that we can save a lot of time reheating food. Then we bought a washing machine. _that, a vacuum cleaner came _our package as it is useful _keeping our house clean. We had a tiring but h

3、appy day.,After,into,for,on in to into for after before,What are prepositions? How are they used?,Prepositions are words that are used before a noun or a noun phrase to show time, place, movement, etc. A preposition can also be used before a verb in the ing form.,e.g. it is useful for keeping our ho

4、use clean.,I am an English teacher in a middle school. Since I was in Junior High, I have been interested in English. _that time, I usually got up _5.30 a.m. reading English aloud. _15 September 1998, I got the first prize in an English speech contest in my school, which made me work even harder at

5、English. _now, I have been learning English _more than 14 years and I will never stop learning it.,At,at,On,By,for,Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions.,conclusion: The prepositions (at / by / on / for ) we filled in just now are used to express_ .,time,How to use prepositions to express time

6、?,prepositions of time,at in on for by since during after before between from until,used before a point of time indicating no later than a time used before a period of time from a time in the past until a later time or now indicating in the period of time separating two dates, events; etc indicating

7、 the time at which sth starts earlier than the time when up to the time of (a specified event) used before a particular day to show how long something continues throughout or within a period of time indicating later in time,The train leaves _ 6:00pm, so I have to be at the station _ 5:40 at the late

8、st. A. at; until B. for; after C. at; by D. before; around 2. The old man died _ cold _ a cold night. A. from; at B. of; in C. of; on D. for; during 3. The railway was opened _ traffic _ April 4, 1985. A. to; on B. to; in C. by; on D. for; on,C,C,A,at on in,(I),Click it here,at 8 oclock at noon at n

9、ight at midnight at the end of,at that time at the beginning of at the age of at Christmas at New Year,at,in in the morning (afternoon, evening) in October in 1998 in summer (autumn, spring, winter) in the past in the future,on on Monday on Christmas morning on the following day on May Day on a warm

10、 morning on a windy night on the evening of April,注意比较：,_ Christmas _ Christmas Day _ the Christmas days,at 10:00_ the morning of March, 1998 at 10:00_ the morning on April, 1998,at,on,during,in,on,1. His father will be back from London _ a few days. A. since B. in C. on D. after 2. - How long has t

11、he bookshop been in business? - _ 1987. A. After B. In C. From D. Since 3. The touch they had both kept in _ many years broke. A. for B. on C. into D. with,B,D,A,表持续时间的_的区别,(II),since, for, in, after, since 接过去的某时间点, 常用于完成时. for 接一段具体的时间, 常用于完成时. in + 一段时间与非延续性动词连用,表一段时间以后,多 用于将来时; 与延续性动词连用,表一段时间内,时

12、态不限. after + 一段时间,常用于过去时.,在期间，常用介词 during, for, over, within, throughout, from.to 等 e.g. during the summer holiday. for four years Ill be back within an hour. from 6 to 8 从6点到8点,(III),表示其它时间概念的介词: beforeuntiltillbetweenbyup to等 1）before “在之前，早于” before supper 晚饭前 before class 上课前 before long 不久 2）un

13、tiltill “直到” The meeting will last till 5:00 3）by表示“到为止”， by the end by the end of last term,(IV),在时间状语中，有两种情况不用介词 1）表示“去年”“上个月” “今年”“这个月”“本周”“明年”“下个月”“每年”“每月”“每周”等概念时。 last year (month, week); this year (month, week); next year (month, week) My family are going to Hangzhou next month. Every summer

14、she goes to visit her parents. 2）用all来表示整个“年、月、星期、天”等概念时, 如： We worked there all afternoon. She has lived in the village all her life.,(V),Describe the location of Qing hua High School,prepositions of place,at, in, on, above，against, behind, between, by, near, opposite, under, below, off, over, insi

15、de, outside, etc.,conclusion: The prepositions (at / by / on / in / behind / between / opposite / near / across, etc ) we used just now are used to express_ .,place,(I)表示地点时 at, in, on 的区别 My uncle lives _ 116 Changhe Street. His room is _ the sixth floor. A. at; on B. to; at C. on; in D. of; to at

16、表示在较小的地方(村庄, 小城镇,门牌); 在某物旁(不确定的地方) in 表示在较大的地方(国家,城市); 在某物范围内.(地点 的排列顺序是由小到大. on 表示在某物上(表面接触); road 前用on, street前用 in/on; 楼层用on; farm前用on, field前用in.,A,(II)表方位的介词in, on, to, off的区别 Guangdong lies _ the south of China and Fujian is _ the east of it. Hainan is _ the coast of the mainland. A. in; in; o

17、n B. in; on; off C. on; to; on D. in; to; away in 表示在境内. on 表示相邻或在边界上, 不在境内. to 表示在境外, 不接壤. off 表示在海面上靠近海岸的地方.,B,(III) 表上下方位的介词 _ 的区别,under/over below/above,under/over , below/above,Click it here,_ the wall 在墙上 _ the train 在火车上 The picture is _ the map. 画在地图上方。 Hang the picture _ the bookshelf. 把这张画

18、挂在书架上面。 There is a bridge _the river. 在河的上面横跨一座桥。 on 多用于与物体有接触时,位于物体的表面,边上,线上。 above 侧重于指上下位置，有对比与参照物。 over 侧重于指横跨两端，或有覆盖的含义。,practice,on,on,over,above,over,The water reached a few inches _the knees. 水离膝盖只有几英寸了. under与 below均可表“正下方”， _the sea level. 海拔以下 play _the tree 在树下玩 pass _the bridge 在桥下流过,be

19、low/under,below,under,under,表示“低于.”仅用below，此时与above为反义，,(IV)表示“在前面/后面” The children are playing _their house. 那些孩子正在家门口玩。 He parked the car _the house. 车停在屋子后面。 There is a blackboard _the classroom. 教室的后面有一块黑板。 at the back of与behind的意义基本一样，都表示“在后面”，但所指有区别， behind指一物体在另一物体的后方，而at the back of指一物体包含在另一

20、物的内部的后方。,in front of,behind,at the back of,behind/before/in front of/ in the front of/behind/ at the back of,(V)表示“在中间” between/among/in the middle of You can sit _him and me . The animals usually hide _the trees during the daytime. There is a desk _the classroom. between 表示“在之间”（常指二者之间） among 表示“在中

21、间”（三者或三者以上） in the middle of 指位置时，总是强调在一处地方的中心或中心附近的位置,between,among,in the middle of,()表示“在旁边”用_ (1)near 表示“在附近、靠近”，暗示距离很近，如： The smiths live near a park. 史密斯一家住在一座公园附近。 (2)beside 表示“在附近、靠近”与by意思相近，如： She sat in the chair beside the door. 他坐在门边上的一张椅子上。 (3)by表示“在附近，紧挨” Mike is standing by the door.

22、麦克站在门旁边。,near / by / beside,Whats there _the box? 盒子里有什么？ She was told to wait _the classroom. 他被要求在教室外面等着。 The post office store is just _the street. 邮局就在树的对面。 The man stood with his back _the wall. 那个男人背靠着墙站着。,()其他, 如“inside, outside, across, against, etc”,inside,outside,across,against,Choose the

23、best answer. 1. _ the gate and youll find the entrance _ the park _ the other side. A. Through; to; on B. Along; of; on C. Down; to; at D. Up; of; by 2. Early _the morning of May 1, we started off _ the mountain village. A. in; for B. in; to C. on; / D. on; for,A,D,prepositions of movement,conclusio

24、n: The prepositions (through / along / to / down / for, etc ) are used to express_ .,movement,across, along, down, into, off, over, out of, past, round, through, under, up, etc.,across, along, down, into, off, etc,Click it here,She went _Beijing University yesterday. 他昨天到北京大学去了。 A friend of mine sen

25、t me the gift _Tianjin. 这礼物是我的一个朋友从天津寄给我的。 He poured some milk _the cup. 他往被子里到了些牛奶。 Walk straight _the street and youll find the post office. 顺着这条街一直往前走,你就会找到那个邮局的。 I saw him walking _the library. 我看到他匆匆走出了图书馆。,to,from,into,along,out of,(I)表示运动方向的介词,The ship started _London. 这艘轮船向伦敦驶去。 She fell _th

26、e ladder and hurt her leg. 他从梯子上摔下来，把腿摔坏了。 I found the car driving _me. 我发现车正朝我开来。 for 表示“（方向、倾向、能力）向，往” off 表示“从离开”“从下来” toward(s), to ,for都可表示“方向”toward(s)只表示动作的方向，与到达与否无关，to表示到达的目的地，for表示目的地，和to表目的地是前面多用动词不同，for常与leave/start/set out/sail等连用，to常go/come/return等连用。,for,off,towards,(II)表示“经过”“穿过”“通过”

27、的介词 The ball rolled_the grass.球从草地上滚过。 He walked _me without saying a word. I dont think anyone can jump _the fence. 我看没人能跳过那座围墙。 She drove _a school on her way home. across 表示“从这一边到一边”；穿过物体表面,或横过。by 表示“从人或事物旁边经过”，意义与past相似 over 表示“从人或事物上空经过、越过” past 表示“从人或事物旁边经过”，意义与by相似 through 表示“从事物的里面穿过”或“从长形物的

28、一头 到另一头”。,by,across,over,past,across/by/over/through/past, etc,()表示“遍及” 的介词 throughout / all over / all along / all around, etc The news spread throughout the country. It is used by travelers and business people all over the world. I looked all over for you before I started. There are trees all alon

29、g the river banks.,(I) 表示“除 之外”的介词 He usually goes to work on time _. A. except for raining days B. besides it rains C. but that it rains D. except on rainy days besides 表示包含, 除 - 之外还有- except 表示排除, 除 - 之外 but 表示排除, 多与nobody, none, no one, nothing, anything, everyone, all, who 等连用. except for 表示除去整体

30、中的部分, “只是, 只不过”,D,Extension,_ basketball, I like playing Pingpang. You have no choice _work hard. Li Long is a good student _his laziness.,Besides,but,except for,（II）表示方式、方法、手段的常用介词 _,Mr. Green usually goes to work _car. He wrote many letters _English. He told me to write _a pen. You can master Engl

31、ish _more practice.,by,in,with,through, by 表示“用（方法、手段、途径等）”或意为“乘坐（交通工具） ”，后接的名词前面通常不用冠词。 in 表示“用（方式、材料、途径、语言）”。 with 表示“带着，伴随”，后接具体的工具，手段、材料或其他行为方式。 through 表示“以(方法、手段) ”“经由”。,by, in, with, through,Read the dialogue on page 8 and do the exercise in pairs. Answers: (1) for (2) at (3) until (4) by (5)

32、 during (6) to,Prepositional phrases,Arrange the prepositional phrases listed into three types: prepositional phrases with nouns/adjectives/verbs cautious about, look at, look after, different from, run into, hear from, in other words, meet with, in return, on a large scale, fit for, stand for, to s

33、ome extent, by hand,run into hear form stand for meet with look for look at,prepositional phrases with verbs,on a large scale in other words by hand to some extent in return,prepositional phrases with nouns,cautious about, different from, fit for,prepositional phrases with adjectives,More prepositio

34、nal phrases with verbs,V + with V + sth (sb) + with + sth (sb) V + at aim, point, wonder, strike, work, look, glance, laugh, run, catch, shoot, stare, glare, smile, call, fire, tear, knock, arrive,begin, mix, agree, deal, fight, meet, play, quarrel, do,compare, provide, supply, feed, replace, combin

35、e, equip, furnish,(4)V+in (5) V+sb(sth)+in (6) V + from (7) V + sth ( sb) +from + sth ( sb or a place),get, lie, turn, draw, believe, share, take, drop, give, call, hand, succeed, bring, result, trade, involve, check, count, cut, participate, fill, join, trust, believe,help, assist, spend,learn, die

36、, come, suffer, hear, fall, rise, hang, escape, date, depart, result, differ, distinguish, judge,borrow, protect, receive, separate, keep, stop, prevent, choose, remove, save,(8) V+of (9) V+sb+of+sth (10) V+sth+of+sb (11) V+on act, lean, live, work, depend, look, wait, turn, switch, pull, have, keep

37、, call, put, push, speak, insist, push, count, figure, carry,consist, dream, hear, tell, think, know, talk, die, speak,rob, warn, inform, remind, accuse, cheat, convince, relieve,ask, beg, demand, require,(12) V+sb(sth)+ON+sb(sth) (13) V+to (14) V+to+sb (15) V+sth(sb) +to+sth(sb),congratulate, spend

38、, base, fix,listen, stick, refer, turn, point, reply, occur, attend, lead, happen, come, get, write, hold, agree, belong, adapt, attribute, object, adjust, relate, respond,announce, describe, explain, express, mention, report, say, shout, whisper, speak, talk, nod,devote, compare, add, introduce, in

39、vite, leave, join, reduce, sentence, carry, take,(16)V+for account, beg, hope, send, look, ask, long, pay, wish, wait, leave, fight, plan, prepare, care, stand, search, answer, run, call, apply, provide, apologize (17)v+sb+for+sth ask, blame, forgive, pardon, pay, praise, punish, reward, thank, excu

40、se(18)v+about quarrel, agree, complain, bring, think, set, care, hear,More prepositional phrases with adjectives,(1)adj+with angry, strict, pleased, busy, covered, satisfied, filled, wrong, wild, crowded, connected, popular, patient, annoyed, delighted, content, friendly, concerned, bored, associate

41、d, burdened, consistent, disappointed, displeased, familiar, impatient, popular, satisfied,(2)adj+at amused, delighted, angry, good, surprised, astonished, pleased, terrified, clever, astonished, impatient, quick, surprised(3)adj+in rich, interested, active, disappointed, engaged, busy, weak, expert

42、, successful, absorbed, skilled, concerned, experienced, confident, employed, accurate, diligent (4)adj+from different, far, tired, made, separate, absent, made,(5)adj+of aware, careful, free, short, worthy, afraid, proud, full, tired, made, capable, impatient, considerate, guilty, jealous, ashamed,

43、 cautious, conscious, forgetful, fond, informed, made, regardless, rid, sensible, sick (6)adj+on hard, keen, dependent, based, impressed,(7)adj+to equal, opposed, familiar, close, near, kind, harmful, polite, rude, similar, useful, married, known, used, good, dedicated, fair, related, indifferent, devoted, contrary, suitable, close, opposite, accustomed, adapted, addicted, adequate, blind, common, deaf, grateful, important, loyal, relative, thankful,(8)adj+for eager, bad, good, famous, fit, suitable, ready, sorry