英语的部分否定.ppt

1、英语的部分否定,程启茹,英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法： 一、 all 的否定式：not all（或：allnot）表示并非都、不是所有的都例如： Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。 Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长很高。 二、 both 的否定式：notboth (或：both not) 并非两个都 例如： I dont want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 Both (the) windows are

2、not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。,三、 every的否定式：不是每都 例如： Not every book is educative. (或：Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。 Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。 四、 always的否定式：并非总是（并非一直） 例如： He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。,五、 entirely, altogether,

3、 completely 和quite 的否定式：“不完全”，“并非完全” 例如： The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。 He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。 I dont agree completely. 我并不完全同意。 What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。,六、 notand的否定式，被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。 例如： He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他

4、讲得清楚但不正确。 This film is not interesting and instructive. 这部电影有趣但无教育意义。 She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。 如果将and 换成or，not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。 He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确。,如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应

5、的全否定词，如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never) at all 等。例如： All of them can do it.- None of them can do it. Both are good.-Neither is good. Everybody likes it. -Nobody likes it. He is always late. - He is never late. We dont trust them entirely. - We never trust them at all. He was here all th

6、e time. - He was never here.,常用结构：neithernor既不也不 eitheror不是就是 neithernor是表示完全否定，eitheror是部分否定。例 neither he nor i am the student. either he or i am the student. 注意谓语动词，这两种结构跟的谓语动词都是就近原则，以最近的词为主，是什么就是什么。 either也可以当“也讲，放在否定句句末。,部分否定和全部否定,1.Not all birds can fly.,有全体意义的代词和副词 all , every (及派生词).both ,alw

7、ays 等,它们用于否定结构,只表示部分否定. 应译作 “一切不都是”或 “并非一切都是” 。,不是所有的鸟都会飞,=All birds can not fly =Some birds cant fly,1) I dont know all of them. 2) I dont like both of the books. 3) Not every student goes to the farm on Sundays. 4) Not everyone in our class likes football.,在我们班并非每个人都喜欢足球。,并非每个学生星期天都去农场。,这两本书我并不都喜欢

8、。,我并不全认识他们。,2. No birds can fly.,所有的鸟都不会飞(全部否定).,=Birds cant fly.,* No men can fly.,若要表示全部否定，则应用相应的表示全部否定的否定词。 all none （一个人也没有、没有任何东西）， both neither （两个都不）， every no, everyone no one(nobody), everything nothing 等。,I know none of them. 2) I like neither of the books. 3)No student goes to the farm on

9、 Sundays. 4) No one/ Nobody in our class likes football.,我们班没有人喜欢足球。,星期天没有学生去农场。,这两本书我都不喜欢。,他们我都不认识。,1.Not all men can swim. 2.Not all Chinese people like beef. 3.I dont kown all of them.,=I only know some of them,not all.,=All Chinese people dont like beef.,=All men can not swim.,解释下列句子,1)All of th

10、em can do it. 2)Both are good. 3)Everybody likes it. 4)He is always late. 5)We dont trust them entirely. 6) He was here all the time.,- He was never here.,- We never trust them at all.,- He is never late.,-Nobody likes it.,-Neither is good.,- None of them can do it.,变否定句,either,Come on Tuesday or We

11、dnesday. Either day is OK. 星期二或星期三来吧。这两天中哪一天都行。 代词 pron. 二者之一 one of two people or things Either of these words is correct.这两个词都是正确的。 You can take either (one ). 这两个,你可以任意挑选。 Either of them can speak English. 他俩都会说英语。,either.or或者或者，不是就是 words to show two different things or people that you can choose,Either come in at once or leave. 要么马上进来，要么离开。 You can have either the apple or the orange. 你可以吃苹果，也可以吃橘子。 We are going to visit a steel plant either this week or next week. 这星期或下星期我们要去参观炼钢厂。 Either my father or brother is coming. 我父亲来，要不然就是我的兄弟来,Either come in or go