大学生英语竞赛 作文ppt课件.ppt

1、大学生英语竞赛题型展示 作文,1,与平时的其他英语考试不同的是，英语竞赛的写作有两篇作文。 第一篇一般是应用文，比如通知、广告、给指定某某人的信等等格式，所以要注意不同应用文的格式，比如开头有没有必要的标题或是称呼， 第二篇就是四六级常见的议论文，主要也是与学生生活贴近的话题拿出来讨论，列出自己的观点条理清晰很重要。 初赛的写作难度都不高，决赛的写作部分是发挥你英语水平的好时候。,作文,2,3,4,5,6,7,应用文类型,应用文一般会给出一个特定的情景，要求考生根据该情景写一封短信、倡议书或演说词等。 应用文涉及的内容多种多样，但大部分都与日常生活比较贴近, 主要包括：投诉信、求职信、求学信、

2、拒绝信、道歉信、感谢信、祝贺信、邀请信、求职信、演说辞、倡议书、海报、景点介绍和日程安排等。,8,一.报告,例1 Directions:You are preparing for a field report,please write it in about 100words with such items as following: the current situation of the equipments your reason and suggestion To:Mr.Zhao Minghua,president of Beijing UniversityFrom:Mr.Li Hon

3、gJun,Dean of Studies.Subject:Buying computers and videotape recorders.,9,Dear Mr.President: Upon the request of the Equipment Division of the university,we have inspected the laboratory of the Physical Department and found its present equipments unsatisfactory to student, particularly to post gradua

4、tes.Because there are fourty computers in our laboratory,but there are almost ten times the students and 25 percent are postgraduates.The laboratory material is so shortage that the situation have to be improved at once.In order to enhance the effect of experiments,it is hereby recommended that twen

5、ty computers and ten videotape recorders be bought and issued to the laboratory.Li HongJun 这是一份实地考察报告，要求将所看到的状况实事求是的反映出来。upon the request 表示在的要求下，以request表示要求一般比较正式。postgraduates即研究生,一.报告,10,二.海报,海报是人们日常生活中极为常见的一种招贴形式，多用于电影、戏曲、比赛、文艺演出等活动。海报中通常要写清楚活动的性质，活动的主办单位、时间、地点等内容。海报的语言要求简明扼要，形式要做到机关报颖美观。 海报的格式

6、，通常有三部分组成，即标题、正文与落款。 海报的标题对于海报的宣传极为重要。因此标题的撰写昼做到简洁明快，新颖醒目，抓住读者的注意力，海报的标题形式通常有两种：一是直接使用“海报”（Poster）一词；另一种则是根据海报的内容，撰写标题。 海报正文是海报的核心部分，它是对海报标题的具体描述。语言要求形象生动，简明扼要。做到既有鼓动性，又不夸大其辞。正文的常见表现形式有：简介说明式，文学描述式，美术设计式。,11,二.海报,例1 Directions:You are preparing for a friendly Basketball Match. Write a poster which a

7、sks for: 1) the right form of a standard poster 2) write the place and time clearly You should write about 100 words.,12,二.海报,POSTER Friendly Basketball Game There is going to be a friendly and wonderful basketball match between Beijing Forestry University Basketball Team and ours under the auspices

8、 of the Recreational and Physical Culture Department of the students union of the college. It has been decided that this basketball match will be held at the students activity center which could contain at least 200 people on Saturday, Aug. 23rd, 2004, at 5:00 p. m. It is expected that the competiti

9、on between the two teams will be keen and severe. All of you are cordially welcome to present the match. The Recreational and Physical Culture Department of the Students Union of the college. Thursday. Aug. 21st . 2004 “由举办”可以用词组“under the auspices of”，另外，注意中英文通知中落款时间书写位置的差别，中文一般写在右下角，英文写在左下角。,13,三.

10、通知,通知是上级对下级、团体对个人部署工作、传达事情或召开会议时所用的一种文体。同级单位有事情要进行讨论或协商，也可以互发通知。通知分两种：一种是以布告形式，把事情通知有关人员；另一种是以书信形式，把相关事情传达给有关人员。一般说来，通知正文上面正中的地方往往有 Notice 或 NOTICE 一词作为题目，正文的下面是发出通知的单位名称。有时，发出通知单位的名称也可写在正文之前。发出通知的日期一般写在左下角；发出通知的人或单位的名称，可以写在右下角。这两项有时也可以省略。发出通知的单位和通知对象一般都用第三人称，但若正文前用了称呼语，则应用第二人称表示被通知的对象。,14,例1 Direct

11、ions:If you are the organizer of a tour and you should give a notice to tell the tourists something about it. It should include:1)Where is the destination of the tour. 2)What should the tourists pay attention to. You should write no less than 100 words.,三.通知,15,三.通知,NOTICE TO TOURISTS According to t

12、he schedule, the touring party will visit the Summer Palace and Tian Anmen Square today. You can leave your baggage in the Left Baggage Office and pick it up later this afternoon if it is too heavy to carry with you. The receipt of the baggage should be kept carefully because you will need it. We wi

13、ll come to the Summer Palace first and finish the tour at 2 pm. Then we are going to the destination of Tian Anmen Square without parking. So please dont get off the sightseeing bus during the journey until the driver says that it is time for food and drinks or toilets. Please be on time! * 这是一张旅行团张

14、贴的布告，告知游客当天的活动以及注意事项。“行李寄存处”叫Left Baggage Office,这是美国英语。英国人管行李叫luggage，与此相对的,行李寄存处便是Left Luggage Office。领取行李，美语to claim baggage,英国人说to reclaim luggage。旅游车是sightseeing bus或coach.,16,常用句式 常用的起首语有：1）Thank you for your letter dated Dec.22,1969.2)Many thanks for your letter of Sept.5，1997.3)A thousand th

15、anks for your kind letter of June 5,1997.4)Your kind letter of November 22th arrived this morning.5)Your letter which arrived this morning gave me great comfort.6)In reply to your letter dated 4th July,I want to say7)Thank you very much for your letter of August 2 and the gift you sent me on Christm

16、as Eve.8)What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th!9)It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting.10)First of all I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me .11)With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that 14)I am very much pleased to inform

17、 you that my visit to your country has been approved.15)I wish to apply for teaching position you are offering.16)I am too excited and delighted at your good news.17)I am very obliged to you for your warm congratulations.,四.信件,17,四.信件,常用的结束语有： 1）Awaiting your good news, 2)Looking forward to your ear

18、ly reply, 3)Hoping to hear from you soon, 4)We await your good news. 5)I hope to hear from you very soon. 6)We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. 7)I look forward to our next meeting there in Los Angeles. 8)Your early reply will be highly appreciated. 9)Any other particulars wa

19、nted we shall be pleased to send you. 10)The help you give me is sincerely valued. 11)I hope everything will be well with you . 12)Please let us know if you want more information. 13)I hope you always enjoy yourself. 14)I wish you very success in the coming year. 15)Please remember me to your family

20、. 16)With best regards to your family. 17)All the best. 18)With love and good wishes.,18,四.信件,结束语（Complimentary Close） 结束语是写信人表示自己对收信人的一种谦称，只占一行，低于正文一二行，从信纸的中间或偏右的地方开始写。第一个词的开头字母要大写，末尾用逗号。结束语视写信人与收信人的关系而定例如写给机关、团体或不相识的人的信，一般用： Yours (very) truly, Yours (very) faithfully,Yours (very) sincerely， 等等。 写

21、给上级和长者的信一般可用： Yours (very) respectfully, Yours (very) obediently, Yours gratefully, Yours appreciatively, Your obedient servant, 等等。 写给同志或同事的信一般可用： Fraternally yours, Comradely yours，等等。 写给熟人或朋友的信可用： Yours, Ever yours, Yours affectionately, As ever, Yours sincerely Yours devotedly, (Most) Fondly you

22、rs, Yours excitedly, Intimately yours，等等。 写给亲属或挚友的信一般用： Yours, Ever yours, Yours as ever, As ever, Yours affectionately, Lovingly yours, (Much) Love, With Love,Lovingly, Your loving son, Your most affectionate, Your devoted friend, Devotedly, 等等，意即：“您的”、“永远是您的”、“您的亲爱的”、“您的爱子（孩子、姐妹、侄、侄女、祖母）” 、“您的挚友”等

23、。 写给挚友的信有时也可用： Yours hurriedly, Yours hastily, Yours in haste, 等等。 写信给挚友，表示歉意时，可用： Contritely yours, Regretfully yours, Yours in (with) regret, Yours in (with) deep remorse 等。 在欧洲一些国家里，多把Yours 放在 sincerely等词的前面。在美国和加拿大等国，则多用，把 yours 放在 Sincerely 等词之后。Yours 一词有时也可省略。,19,四.信件,例 1 Directions：Bill got a

24、 Doctorate in literature for Tsinghua University. Write a letter to congratulate him.You should write about 100 words and do not need to write the address. Dear Bill, I got the news from Mike that you have received a Doctorate in literature from Tsinghua University. I congratulate you for this. To h

25、ave reached this milestone in your scholarship at a young age is really great. It means, I believe, years of assiduous study and hard work on your part. And it is an achievement you can be well proud of. As your best friend, I hope you can reach higher level in your study and do more contribution to

26、 the society. My best wishes to you! Sincerely, 朋友年轻有为，获得博士学位，应该祝贺。正如信中所说，这一成就是“多年来刻苦学习和努力工作的结果”（years of assiduous study and hard work）。英文有一句成语：No sweet no sweat. 世界上不劳有获的事情是没有的。,20,批评、抱怨、投诉模版 Date:_ Dear: _ My name is _. I am _. I venture to write you a letter about _The focus of the complaint is

27、_ For one thing, _. For another, _ Honestly speaking, _. But _. Besides, _ All in all, there is still much room for improvement. I do hope _. Thank you for your time and kind consideration. Sincerely yours (Signature),四.信件,21,Autobiography (自传）,Outline 出生情况（时间、地点、性别）； 受教育情况； 工作或学习经历； 个人成长； 将来的追求,22,

28、Autobiography (自传）,My name is Liu Bao. I was born in Honghu on Feb.14, 1965. my father is a worker in a factory producing clothes and shoes. My mother is a middle school teacher. My brother owns a small bookshop near a college. Most of my family members help hi run the bookshop when we have time! At

29、 the age of thirteen, I came to Jingzhou to attend a secondary school. I stayed with my grandmother. For the first time I realized that nowhere is better than home. My grandmothers house is much larger than that of ours and furnished with modern furniture. However, I still miss my parents, brothers

30、and sisters.,23,Autobiography (自传）,One thing l learned in those days ( of leaving away from ) home alone is that all parents love their children so much that they even sacrifice their own time to take care of their dear children. I hope I will be ale to treat my parents well when the grow old. I owe

31、 my knowledge to my teacher Miss Lin who made me study hard, especially in English. During the summer vacation, she gave me free tutoring in her house. I learned to read English newspapers and magazines and this opened my eyes to a lot of interesting things.,24,Autobiography (自传）,I remember my teach

32、er once said that “ There is no shortcut in learning anything.” I also learn to write simple letters and exchange correspondence with penpals in foreign countries. Some of them even came to Jingzhou to see me. We read those letters together and had much fun talking to each other. I showed them our h

33、appy life and was told about their homelands. I believe that this is a good way to promote friendship on a people-to-people basis.,25,Autobiography (自传）,I began to teach in an institute two years ago, but I soon found that it wouldnt do me much good to continue teaching, because I had little chance

34、to learn more about the wider world. I dont mind working hard every day but I want to learn more and meet more people.,26,Application Letter,求职、应征信是用来直接向某一单位（公司）求取一份工作的申请信。它们没有统一的格式，写求职信时要注意以下几点： 1）同所有的书信一样，应写得认真、有礼貌，对所求职单位加以褒赞，并表示对该单位的向往之情，希望得到该单位工作； 2）应详细介绍自己的情况，包括受教育、专业、工作履历、家庭、婚姻等各方面的情况； 3）应写清楚求

35、取工作种类、工作级别，给别人一个考虑选择的机会；,27,Application Letter,4）应写明自己的联系地址、电话等，最好附上一个已写明邮编、地址的回邮信封，以便对方同你取得联系，并能及时回信； 5）如有必要，应随信附上有关的求职、应征材料（如求职推荐信、个人简历、在校时成绩单等），并在信后说明,28,Application Letter,Dear Sir, I am looking for a position as a full-time secretary in your company. As a graduate with a B.A. in English literat

36、ure from Jiaxing University, I am able to write letters and reports in English for overseas correspondence and briefing purpose. I would be pleased to render all my past experiences to your company for improving your present business. My references are available and Im ready to send them to you upon

37、 notice. I am looking forward to receiving your reply and query in connection with my background of education. Thank you for your consideration, sincerely yours, Zhang Ming,29,Dear Sir, If an ability to take direction well, and to carry out orders faithfully , is important to you, then I may be a go

38、od man for the job you advertised in the Today Newspapers of August 15. The job sounds particularly interesting because it is precisely the kind of work I have wanted to do for years. My working experience thus far has I think, give me the attitudes and the understanding that would enable me to lear

39、n the details of the position youve advertised. Id very much appreciate the chance to talk to you, and to get your opinion on whether my background and inclinations would be suitable for the job you offer. I can be reached by telephone atsincerely, Zhang Li,Application Letter,30,议论文,写作

40、框架如下： 第一段：现象背景介绍+引出话题（公众观点+大概理由）；第二段：关于话题的相关因素（影响，作用，好处，危害或原因等）；第三段：陈述自己观点或预期未来。 组成一篇文章的三要素是：结构，内容和语言。对于此类型的文章，同学们是很难在结构上略胜一筹的； 至于具体内容，也完全不需要推陈出新，因为批卷老师是完全没有时间仔细看理由的。所以，如何体现我们的写作能力和文章价值，关键在于文章遣词造句的质量。 此类文章的高分原则为：第一，在文章中必须有五个左右的衔接词，来体现逻辑性。第二，用词尽量避免重复，体现语言的灵活和升级。第三，尽量使用非陈述句式，如倒装、被动、虚拟语气及插入语等。,31,辩论式议论

41、文模版1,Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3. In sum

42、mary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或:From above, we can predict that 预测.,32,There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter

43、 notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。 Furthermore, 论据2。 Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can

44、predict that 预测.,辩论式议论文模版2,33,个人观点议论文,Model (1)Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to college students using credit cards_. Some people argue that this will lead to a tendency of college students spending money without limitation while others firmly hold that college students are adults

45、 and they have the ability to choose whatever way of spending money In my opinion, I think this question should be probed in depth. On one hand, the first group is not totally correct because money in a credit card is not countless and the host bank has certain strict disciplines of using credit car

46、ds. On the other hand, the second group seems not quite right because there are really some college students who have no self-control when it comes the spending of money.In a word, we can see clearly that the key lies in college students self-control when they go shopping with credit cards. Otherwise the advantages of using credit cards may become a burden to them.,34,_ has been one medium of communication that has connected all the people around world. More and more people tend to concern the _, because it is so _ that _.The advantage