词类的转换.ppt

1、词类转换翻译法，英语-汉语翻译，英语-汉语翻译过程中，有些句子可以按词翻译，有些句子不能按词翻译，因为英汉两种语言的表达式不同。原文中有些词要在译文中转换词类，中文译文才能自然而然地通。1.名词翻译，1。把英语名词翻译成动词派生的名词，有动词意思的名词，最后翻译成表示身份或职业的名词等，都可以翻译成动词。1)从动词派生的名词翻译成动词，在政论文体中出现较多。呼吁建立更多的技术学校。the government called for the establishment of more technical schools。Until 1972，All efforts by The two nati

2、ons to curb The nuclear arms race had founded on one point 3360 u . s . insistence on The right to make on-site美国和苏联到1972年限制核军备竞赛的一切努力在牙齿方面都失败了。美国声称有权视察苏联战略武器现场，苏联拒绝了。rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe。火箭被用来探索宇宙。2)包含动作意义的名词(多出现在叙述、描述文体中)经常可以翻译成动词。Viet namese waris a d

3、rain on American resources。越南战争继续消耗美国的资源。the sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing .看着我们的喷气式飞机听到那轰鸣声是我特别喜欢的事。a glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington monument and the Lincoln memorial。从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念馆的全景。3)英语中有带后缀-er的名词，在句子中不是指

4、身份和职业，而是包含比较强的动作意义，可以翻译成动词。He is a good eater and a good sleeper。他吃得好，睡得好。I am afraid I cant teach you swimming . I think my younger brother is a better teacher than I .我担心我不能教你游泳。我认为我弟弟教得比我好。some of my class mates are good singers。我的一些同班同学唱得很好。Talking with hisson，the old man was the forgiver of the

5、 young mans past wrong doing .和儿子说话时，老人原谅了年轻人过去所做的坏事。4)作为习语主体的名词经常可以翻译成动词。every morning she would go to the lake area for a walk。每天早晨她去湖边散步。The next news bulletin，shorter than usual，made no mention of the demonstration。下一个新闻节目比平时短，没有提到游行。a great cloud rose from the ground and followed the trail of t

6、he great sun . at first it was a giant column，Which soon took the shape of a supra mundane巨大的最初是一个巨大的圆柱，迅速形成了乘云飞翔的大蘑菇，瞬间又变成了扩大了很多倍的自由女神像。(威廉莎士比亚，哈姆雷特，自由名言)，2。把名词翻译成形容词This experiment was a success。牙齿实验很成功。3.将名词翻译成副词I have the honor to inform you that your request is granted。很荣幸地通知您，您的请求已获批准。2 .动词的翻译

7、，1。将英语动词转换成名词的英语中有很多从名词派生的动词和从名词转换而来的动词，翻译成汉语的时候往往很难找到相应的动词，这时可以转换成名词。formality has always characterized their relationship。他们之间的关系之一是礼貌地对待。To them，he personified the absolute power。在他们看来，他是绝对权威的化身。2 .英语动词翻译成副词he said，if this was the case，he would be tempted to try，三，形容词的翻译，1。把形容词翻译成动词英语形容词可以翻译成动词。牙

8、齿形容词主要由两类茄子组成。一个主要从动词派生或转换，大部分可以诱导动词的意思。另一种常用来表示多种茄子心理状态，这种心理状态在汉语中通常用动词来表示。shortly after Jimmy carters election as president，his advisers were reported as recommending lower taxes and higher government spending.It was a very informative meeting。会上公开了很多信息。2 .把形容词翻译成名词。the new treaty would be good fo

9、r ten years .新条约的有效期为10年。official Moscow is going to object the proposal。莫斯科当局准备反对牙齿提案。3.形容词译做副词at that time Copernicus was in the clear minority。那时哥白尼显然属于少数派。translation appreciation、1。bad workmen often blame their tools。笨拙的工匠总是工具不好。2.show off ones proficiency with the axe before Lu ban the master

10、carpenter。班门斧。3.sow virtue，and the harvest will be virtueSow vice，and the harvest will be vice。善有善报，恶有恶报。4.Speech is silver，silence is gold。是银，沉默是金。5.step by step the ladder is ascended .爬梯子需要多层次登录。6。Take French leave。不辞而别。7.The dice is cast .骰子摄影大国已定。/树已经饿了。8.A long tongue has a short hand .话多拙劣。话多

11、就会出错。9.帮助a lame dog over a stile。见义勇为，从危难中救人。10.Hiders are good finders。解铃需要行李员。11。he who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl .主根者为红色，墨根者为黑色。12.high brows and lowbrows alike can enjoy。速公奖。13.if one is not patient in small things，one will never be able to control great ventures。14.Water af

12、ar quencheth no fire。远水救不了近火。15.if wintercomes，can spring be far behind？冬天来了，春天还远吗？exercises，a global economy president Clinton realized as All of us must that todays economy is global . we live in an era in which information groupwe are truly inter dependent。正如大家应该知道的，克林顿总统意识到，今天的经济具有全球性的性质。我们生活在这样

13、的时代，信息、货物、资金时时刻刻在世界上流动。不管我们喜欢与否，我们所有的命运都是相连的。我们真的要徐璐依靠。America supports international trade because we believe fundamentally that trade will enrich those nations who embrace its discipline . the美国支持国际贸易。因为我们确信贸易会使遵守行为准则的国家富裕起来。极光明的贸易前景是促进相互繁荣和加强主权国家之间联系的潜在力量。美国和中国都表现出了提高两国人民生活的贸易潜力。you know better t

14、han I The great achievements of The Chinese economy over The past two decades . in 1977，The sum total of Chinese imports and1997年，中国进出口总额渡边杏不到150亿美元，仅占世界贸易总额的0.6%，世界上人口最多的中国在出口国中排在第30位。到1993年，中国进出口总额接近2000亿美元，已成为10大出口国。since 1978，when China began opening its economy to increased foreign investment and trade，Aggregate output has more than doubled . the1978年以来，中国经济打开了日益增长的外商投资和贸易的大门，总产量增加了一倍以上。最强劲的增长发生在港口对面的沿海地区。在牙齿地区，外国投资和现代生产资料的使用促进了国内和出口产品的生产。从1980年到1992年，人均国民生产总值平均增长率为7.6