北京市朝阳区2025届高三下学期一模试题 英语 含答案

2025北京朝阳高三一模英语2025.3（考试时间90分钟满分100分）本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。New-bornbabiesaren'tafraidofthedark.Theydon'thavea__1__ofthedarkyet;thatcomeslater.Oneday,my2-year-olddaughtersuddenlysaid,“Toodark!”afterweturnedoutthelightShebelievedsomethingwasunderthebed.To__2__hertears,Ipluggedinthedesklamptoprovetherewerenomonsters.WhenIfirststartedwriting,Ididn'tworryaboutthedarkasIcouldcreateallkindsofstories.Aftergraduation,Ibecameabusyparent.Mywriting__3__.NightsthatIwouldspendreadingorthinkingweregone.Iwroteat5ambeforethe__4__oftheeverydayhousework—laundry,playdatesandfeedings—butsoonnoddedoffIwasso__5__.Writinganxietygrewslowly.Wornout,IforgottobuyanightlightThedesklampwastoobright.Anightlightwasenoughtohelpmydaughterseetheoutlineofthebed.Itwouldburnthroughthenight,calmingherfears.Shedidn'tneedittosee;sheneededittofeel__6__.InthebasementIfoundanoldplasticChristmastreeandtookituptoherroom.Mydaughtersawitandclapped__7__,“Light!Mylight!”Itsitsthereyear-round.AChristmastreeinJulyisodd,butperfectdoesn't__8__,andbesides,itcaststheidealamountoflight.Inbeingaparentandawriter,thereisnofixed__9__,noonewayofdoingthingsthatisright;somethingsthatwemustdoareodd.ManythingsbringthelightSomebringjustenoughlightthatyouarenolongerafraid.Theshadowylightthatsays,Don’tbescared,writeit!|Itisalightto__10__you,tokeepyougoing.Anditburnsthroughthenight,keepingthemonstersatbay.1.A.secret B.hope C.fear D.habit2.A.wipe B.hide C.stop D.draw3.A.slowed B.ceased C.improved D.increased4A.training B.division C.movement D.repetition5.A.lonely B.tired C.focused D.energetic6.A.safe B.quiet C.proud D.confident7.Ashyly B.softly C.politely D.excitedly8.A.last B.exist C.work D.arrive9.A.need B.term C.bond D.routine10.A.guide B.blind C.attract D.follow第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AZhuMengdan,a15-year-oldfromtheLiethnic(少数民族的)group,grewupclimbingcoconuttrees.However,shehadneverimaginedherchildhoodgame__11__(become)anofficialeventatanationalcompetitiononeday.In2024,astheyoungestcompetitoronHainan'steam,Zhu__12__(participate)inthecoconuttreeclimbingcompetitionattheNationalTraditionalGamesofEthnicMinorities.“__13__makestheeventsospecialisthatitshowcasesHainan’suniqueculturalidentity.Ihopethiseventcontinuestogrow,”sheremarked.BDeepSeek-Rl,__14__coretechnologiesarebuiltuponanext-generationlargelanguagemodelarchitecture,highlightsChina’sgrowingstrengthinAIinnovation.Thissmartassistantcananswercomplexquestions,createdigitalartandevenwritecomputercode.DeepSeek-Rllearnsbyrepeatedly__15__(try),unlikeotherAIsthatrelyonlargeamountsofpreparedexamples.Itpractisesmanytimesandgets__16__(good),muchlikehowstudentsmastermaths__17__thedevelopmentofDeepSeek-Rl,Chinashowstheworldthatgreatthingscomefromnewideasandhardwork,notjustmoney.CIt'sdifficult__18__(understand)jargon-filled(充满行话的)writingthatacademicshavelongbeenaccusedof.Totrackacademicwritingovertime,TheEconomistanalyzed347,000PhDabstracts__19__(publish)between1812and2023.Theyfoundthattheabstractshavebecomehardertoread.Thoughspecializationandadvancesintechnologyrequiremorepreciseterms,thetrendofunreadableacademicwriting__20__(grow)stronger.Clearandsimplewritingwouldbeabreathoffreshair.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AUNESCOisinvitingteamsandindividualsfromAsiaandthePacifictosubmitcasestudiesontherolesandrisksofintangibleculturalheritage(ICH)(非物质文化遗产)inthecontextofclimatechange.ThegoalistosafeguardICHwhileadvancingsustainabledevelopment.ThesecasestudieswilldeepentheunderstandingofthelinksbetweenICHandenvironmentalsustainability,andinformfuturepoliciesandpracticesinheritageprotectionandclimateaction.FocusoftheCaseStudies:Submittedcasestudiesshouldaddressoneormoreofthefollowingquestionsindetail:• WhatrolesdoesICHplayinidentifying,assessingandmonitoringclimatechange?• WhatrolesdoesICHplayinpromotingcommunities'adaptationandsafeguardingagainstclimatechange?• WhatrolesdoesICHplayinreducingcarbonemissions（排放）anddisasterrisk?• Whatarethecultural,socialandeconomicimpactsandriskstoICHpractice,transmission（传承）andsafeguardingduetoclimatechange?• WhatchangestoICHarerequiredforadaptationtoclimatechange?• WhatarelocalandregionalstrategiesforsafeguardingICHinthecontextofclimatechange?Thecasestudiesshouldbegroundedinevidence-basedresearchandinvolvethewidestpossibleparticipationofthecommunity,groupsorindividuals.Theyshouldhighlightthelinksbetweenculturaldiversityandenvironmentalsustainabilityandofferlocally-suitedsolutionsforsustainabledevelopment.SubmissionDetails：ThecasestudiesshouldbewritteninEnglishandbetween3,000and5,000wordsinlength.Allsubmissionsaretobesenttobeijing.culture@beforeApril15th,2025.Authorsofselectedcasestudiesmayhavetheopportunitytoparticipateinpublicationsorinternationalconferences.21.WhyisUNESCOcallingforcasestudies?A.Toshowtheriskofclimatechange. B.ToprotectICHinasustainableway.C.TostressUNESCO’simportance. D.ToraisefundsforICHprotection.22.Whichofthefollowingisafocusofthecasestudies?A.ICH’sroleinevaluatingclimatechange.B.ICH’seconomicvalueforcommunities.C.GlobalstrategiestosafeguardICH.D.Carbonemissions’effectsonICH.23.Thecasestudiestobesubmittedshould_______________.A.coverallthelistedquestionsB.maximizepublicparticipationC.bebasedonpersonalopinionsD.bewritteninChineseorEnglishBLutherGerlach’simagesenrichthepermanentcollectionsoftheJ.PaulGettyMuseuminLosAngelesandtheNationalPortraitGalleryinLondon,amongotherinstitutions.Whilestudyinghiswork,onecannothelpbutrevisitthejourneyheundertookinpursuitofartGerlachhasdyslexia,aconditionthatmakesitdifficultforhimtoreadandspell,andinmiddleschool,itbegantoaffecthisstudies.AttheUniversityofMinnesota,whereGerlachstudiedbiology,hisstrugglewithwritingreachedatippingpointGerlachlefttheuniversityandenteredartschool“Arthasneverbeensomethingthatslowedmedown,incontrasttothewrittenword,”Gerlachsays.Aftergraduatingfromartschool,GerlachtookwhathelearnedandtraveledacrosstheUnitedStatessellinghisprintsatartfairs.Itwasthelate1980s,andGerlachtraveledroughly90,000milesayear,takingphotosalongtheway.Hewasmaking$100,000ayeardoingwhatheloved.Buttheemergenceofdigitalphotographychangedeverything.PhotographersbegantousePhotoshoptocreatethehand-brushedqualityofGerlach'sphotographsandtoldcustomerstheywereusingthesameprocessGerlachwasusings.“Iwouldhearthemtalking—completelies,”hesays.Ratherthandiveintodigital,Gerlachmovedintoaphotographicprocessthatwasquiteunusual:thewetcollodion（火棉胶）process,inventedin1851.Theprocessinvolvescoatingaplateofglassormetalwithcollodion,followedbyusingasilvernitrate（硝酸银）bathtomakedieplatesensitivetolightTheplateisthenplacedinalight-tightfilmholder,withthephotomadealmostimmediatelywhiletheplateisstillwet.Itwasn'teasywhenhefirststarted,butGerlachhasalwaysconsidered“constantproblemsolving”tobepartofthecreativeprocess.ItmadeGerlachfeel“presentasanartist”.“Isawthefinalproductrightthereinfrontofme.ThesameleavesonthetreethatI’mstandinginfrontofareontheimage,”Gerlachexplains.“TheprocessallowedmetofeelmorelikeaphotographerinsteadofamachinethatprintedprintstosellsoIcouldmakemoney.Andwhenthefinalproductworks,nothingelsecomparestoit.”24. LutherGerlach’sdyslexia____________.A. forcedhimtochangehismajor B.drovehimtogointobusinessC. madehimdropoutofmiddleschool D.affectedhisartisticperformance25.Asdigitalphotographyemerged,LutherGerlach____________.A.adoptedauniquephotographictechniqueB.setofffornewplacestotakephotographsC.praisedphotographersforusingPhotoshopD.improvedthehand-brushedqualityofhisphotos26.WhydidLutherGerlachpreferthewetcollodionprocess?A.Itwascheapandreliable.B.Itwaseasyandefficient.C.Itgavehimartisticsatisfaction.D.Ithelpedhimsellprintsforprofit27. Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Necessityinspiresinvention.B.EverythingcomestothosewhowaitC.Hopeforthebest;preparefortheworstD.Daretobedifferentinaworldofcopycats.CWhenpeopleviewphotographsoffrighteningspiders,scientistsusuallyobserveincreasedelectricalactivitydeepintheirbrain,inaregioncalledtheperiaqueductalgray（PAG）.TheobviousconclusionisthatthePAGcontrolsfight-or-flightresponsesinthreateningsituations.Butwhatifbrainsdon'thavededicatedcircuitsforfightingandflighting?Isthreatdetectionreallyaprimarymodeofthebrainwithitsownneuralcircuitry（神经回路）？Thisideaoffight-or-flightcircuitsoriginatesfromthe“triunebrain”modeldividingbrainsintotheso-calledlizardbrain,includingthePAG,forsurvivalfunctions,the“limbicsystem”foremotions,andthe“neocortex”forhigher-orderreasoning.Ifyouknowanythingaboutevolution,youmightknowthatsomethingisspurious.Theonlyanimalonthisplanetwithalizardbrainisalizard.Also,there'snounifiedlimbic“system”orthe“neocortex”foremotionsorrationality（理性）respectively.Sowheredoesthisleavethefight-or-flightstory?Recently,changesinPAGactivityhavebeenobservedinnonthreateningtasks,suchasreadingafascinatingarticleaboutthebrain.ThePAGhasalsobeenprovedtoregulatebodilysystemscontinuously.Incidentally,thisexplainswhyantianxietymedicationsmanageanxietydisorderswithouthealingthem.Theytargetbraincircuitsthataren’tdedicatedtoanxietyorfight-or-flightbutthatsimplyregulatethebody.Researchesonthebrain'spowersalsocastnewlightonourunderstandings.Indailylife,individualsmightfeelliketheyperceiveandreacttovariousstimuliaseitherthreateningorsafe.Actually,thebrain,usingpastexperiences,skillfullypredictsandformulatesactionplansinanticipationofeventsbeforestimulioccur.Thebrain'spreparatorymechanism,metabolically（新陈代谢地）expensive,involvescomplicatedneuronalactivitiesforsustainingmultiplepredictionsandcorrespondingactionplansoverextendedperiods.Buttheexperiencesinfight-or-flightresponsescraftedbyyourbraindon'trevealhowitworks.Moreover.yourbrain,whichdoesmuchmorethanavoidthreats、handlesacomplexsocialworldfullofuncertainty.That’sarecipeforstress.Andwhatisstress?Itreflectsenergypreparationforanticipatedchallenges.Yourbrainoftenmakessenseofmetaboliccostofuncertainty,ifitdragsonforlongenough,asanxiety,butthat'snotamustPeopleseekuncertaintyout—anditspositivecousin,novelty—whentheytrynewfoodsorlearnnewskills.Uncertaintyiscommon,butthesedays,withsocialmediaandround-the-clocknewscoverage,itsometimesbombardsusandleavesusanxiousandexhausted.Butthesefeelingsdon’temergefromfight-or-flightcircuits.Theymayjustmean,inaneverchangingandonlypartlypredictableworld,thatyou’redoingsomethinghard.28. TheauthorasksthequestionsinParagraphIto_________.A.evaluateastatement B.justifyanassumptionC.challengeanargument D.introduceanewconcept29.Whichdoestheunderlinedword“spurious”inParagraph2probablymean?A. Rare. B.Wrong.C. Limited. D.Unexpected.30. WhatcanweinferfromthispassageA. Huntingfornoveltyreducesstressandanxiety.B. MedicinetargetingPAGcuresanxietydisorder.C.Uncertaintyisaproductofmodernmediaandnewscycles.D. The“FightorFlight”ideaoverlooksthebrain'spredictivepower.DInthefieldwherephilosophyandneuroscienceoverlap,fewquestionshavefascinatedandconfusedhumanityasdeeplyastheconceptoffreewill.Atfirstglance,theideathatwehavethepowertomakechoicesthatarenotpredeterminedseemsintuitive（直觉的）.However,acloserexaminationrevealsacomplexwebofphilosophicalargumentsandscientificfindingsthatchallengethisseeminglystraightforwardconcept.Fromaphilosophicalstandpoint,thedebatearoundfreewillhascontinuedintenselyforcenturies,Compatibilistsarguefreewillcancoexistwithdeterminism,aslongasouractionsarearesultofourowndesiresandmotivations.Forexample,choosingamusiccareeroutofpassionisconsideredasafreechoicewithinthisframework.Incontrast,incompatibilistsmaintainfreewillanddeterminismaremutuallyexclusive.Harddeterministsviewtheuniverseasaclosedsystemgovernedbystrictlawsofnature,whereeveryevent,includinghumanactions,ispredetermined.Inthisview,theideaoffreewillisanillusion（幻觉）.Neurosicencehasadvancedmarkedlyindecodingthebrain,revealingthatmanyactionsarepreceded（先于）byneuralactivity.Studiesonthebrain’srewardsystemandneurotransmitters,particularlydopamine（多巴胺），furtherchallengethenatureoffreewillAddictivebehaviors,forinstance,canbestronglyinfluencedbythebrain'sresponsetodopamine.Apersonstrugglingwithaddictionmayfeeltheylackthefreewilltoresistit,astheirbrainchemistryhasbeenalteredinawaythatforcesthemintoacting.Thescientificevidenceisnotconclusive,though.Somearguethattheneuralactivityobservedbeforeconsciousdecisionsmaynotbethecauseoftheactionbutratherpartofthepreparatoryprocessforadecisionthatisstillfreelymade.Additionally,thecomplexityofthehumanbrainandthefactthatmuchofitsfunctioningisstillnotfullyunderstoodleaveroomforthepossibilityoffreewill.Iffreewillisanillusion,itchallengesourfundamentalnotionsofmoralresponsibility.Wepraiseandblamepeoplefortheiractionsbecausewebelievetheycouldhaveacteddifferently.Howcanweholdindividualsaccountablefortheiractionsiftheywerenevertrulyfreetochooseotherwise?Withoutfreewill,theessentialmoralframeworkofoursocietieswouldcollapseintochaoticindifferenceFreewillisonlyanillusionifyouare,too.31. Whichofthefollowingsituationsreflectsthecompatibilists’view?A.Drivenbydopamine,Timkeepscheckinghissocialmedia.B.Lucyspeaksfirstafterbeingrandomlyselectedbysoftware.C.Exposedtoasuddenblindinglight,Lilyquicklyshutshereyes.D.Jerryshiftsbetweencompaniesofsharedbikesbasedondiscounts.32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.ThealteredbrainchemistryenhancesfreewillB.Consciousdecisionsareindependentofneuralactivities.C.Harddeterministsseefreewillvitaltomoralaccountability.D.Neuroscientists’viewsonthecausesofhumanactionsdiffer.33.Asfortheexistenceoffreewill,theauthoris___________.A.neutral B.disapprovingC.positive D.doubtful34. Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A. DoesNeuroscienceThreatenFreeWill?B. WhytheArgumentsAgainstFreeWillFailC. ExplorationintotheComplexityofFreeWillD. FreeWill：BridgingNeuroscienceandPhilosophy第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhenIthinkofmyfriends,Iammostlyfilledwithloveandwarmth:Isimplycan'twaittoseethemagainfortheiraffectionandsupport.__35__Intherightmood,theseindividualscandeliverafun-filledevening,butatthewrongmoment,theycandrain（耗尽）allmygoodwill.Ifthissoundsfamiliar,thenyoutoohavefrenemies,whopsychologistscall“ambivalentrelationships”.Theselove-haterelationshipscouldincludeafriend,aparent,acolleagueorevenahusbandorwife.Theirambivalencecancomeinmanyforms.__36__Itcouldbeapartnerlove-bombingyouoneday,butfiercelycriticalthenext,leavingyouunsureabouttheirtruefeelings.__37__Attheveryleast,youwouldexpectthemtobebetterforusthanouraversive（令人厌恶的）relationships.Unfortunately,researchsuggestthingsaren'tsosimple.AteamattheUniversityofUtahaskedpeopletotakeareaction-timetestandtheyfoundthatrapidlyflashingthenameofanambivalentconnectiononascreenintensifiedstressresponseofparticipants.AnotherstudyatBrighamYoungUniversityfoundthatsimplyknowinganambivalentconnectionwasnearbyasparticipantspreparedtogiveaspeechwasenoughtosendtheirbloodpressurerocketing.__38__.Cuttingtieswithourambivalentconnectionsisn'talwayspossibleordesirableiftheyaredeeplymixedintooursocialnetwork.So,whatcanbedone?Simplybeingawareoftheambivalentnatureofarelationshipmightoffersomeprotection.Wecanmanageourexpectationsandmentallyprepareourselvesforthemixedfeelingswheninteractingwithfrenemies.__39__Asimportantly,bealittlemoremindfulofanyinteractionswithallourties.Showotherstheappreciationandrespectwefeelforthem,foraccidentalneglectcouldbetakenasasignofindifference,A.Itmightbeafriendwhoisoftenunavailablewhenyouneedhissupport.B.Wemighthopethatinsuchrelationships,thegoodwouldoutweighthebadC.Infact,evenunconsciousremindersofafrenemycanbreakourpeaceofmind.D.Thisallowsustofocusontheirgoodqualitiesandshowempathyfortheunpleasantones.E.Ifyoufeelsomeonetoonegativeapresenceinyourlife,youmaydecidetocutoffcontact.F.Ahandful,however,stimulatequitedifferentemotions—amixtureofeagernessandanxiety.G.Afterall,thebenefitsofsocialconnectioncomefromfeelingwellunderstoodandsupported.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Growingup,myfavouritechildren'sbookwasAmeliaBedelia.Amelia'ssillybehavioursthatwerearesultofherliteralinterpretationoflanguageoften.hadmelaughing.Whenshewastoldtodustthefurniture,insteadofgrabbingafeatherduster,shesprinkled（撒）dustalloverthechairsandtables,AclassicmomentinAmelia'slife.Recently,severalofmyfriendshavedecidedtolimittheiruseofelectronicdevicesforchattingtoavoidpotentialmisunderstandings.Yet,Ienjoyusingthesetoolstostayconnectedwithmychildrenandgrandchildren.ButIadmititdoesleadtomorefrequentAmeliaBedeliamoments.TheotherdayIwasprovidingchildcareformygranddaughterCoraandherone-year-oldbrother,Zay.ZaywassleepingwhileCorawasinherbedroomcolouring,withhertabletrightnexttoher.Hopingtohaveafewminutesofpeace,ItoldCoraIwouldbeinthebackyardandthatsheshouldcallmeifZaywokeup.Shortlyafter,thedooropened.TherewasCora,red-faced,strugglingtocarryZay.Iquicklytookhimfromher,gentlyscolding（训斥），“Cora,Itoldyoutocallme.””Shesimplyreplied,“Grandma,Ididcallyou.Youdidn'tanswer.When'syourphone?”Hercallhadcomeviaanapponhertablettomyphonewhichwasonthekitchentable.Clearly,wehaddifferentideasofwhat“call”meant.Asmygrandchildrenbecomemoreproficient（熟练）withtechnologyandthelanguageofadifferentgeneration,thereisnodoubtourAmeliaBedeliamomentswillonlyincrease.Icanresistthemisunderstandingsbyputtingmyphoneaway,buttoenjoythesmileofthelovedones,I'dratherkeepitclosertometoexperiencethesillyaccidentsthatwilloccur.40. WhatcausedAmelia'ssillybehaviours?41. Whydidn'ttheauthor’sgranddaughtercallherthewayshehadexpected?42. Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.TheauthorcherishesAmeliaBedeliamomentsbecauseshewantstoresistthemisunderstandings.43.IfyouexperienceanAmeliaBedeliamoment,whatwouldyoudo?（Inabout40words）第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生