Unit4重点单词+词组+重点句型（选择性必修三）-2025年人教版高二英语寒假预习练

第04讲Unit4AdversityandCourage重点单词+词组

+重点句型讲练（选择性必修三）

一、精讲X3U4重点单词+词组

1、adversityn.困境；逆境

adverseadj.不利的，有害的；反面的

overcomeadversity克月艮逆境

inthefaceofadversity面对逆境

Heovercamemanypersonaladversities.多次身处逆境，他都挺了过来。

Asfiretriesgold,sodoesadversitytryvirtue.烈火炼真金，逆境见美德。

2.wagen.工资

wagedadj.有报酬的

minimumwage最低工资

aweeklywageof...周薪..

wagecuts减薪

awageincrease/riseof................的力口薪

earnalivingwage谋生,挣工资

3.bitteradj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的

bitterlyadv.痛苦地;严寒地

bittercold严寒

abitterwind刺骨寒风

alongandbitterdispute一场漫长而激烈的争论

comeoutwithabittersmile苦笑着出来

4.expeditionn.探险；远征；探险队

expeditionaryadj.远征的

apolarexpedition南极探险

5.endurancen.忍耐力；耐久力

endurevt.忍受

physicalendurance身体耐力

endurev.忍耐，容忍

powersofendurance耐力

anendurancetest一次耐力测试

beyondendurance忍无可忍

can'tenduredoing/todosth.不能容忍做某事

6.vigourn.精力；力量；活力

vigorn.活力（美式拼写）

fullofvigour充满活力

vigorousadj.充满活力的;精力充沛的;强壮的

avigorousyoungman身强力壮的年轻人

7.qualifiedadj.符合资格；具备..的知识

qualificationn.资格；资历

aqualifiedteacher合格的教师

bequalifiedfor具备.•…的学历/资历/知识/技能

bequalifiedtodosth.具备资历做某

aqualifiedlawyer取得执业资格的律师

qualifyv.使具备•资格

behighly/suitably/fullyqualified高度/正好/完全符合资格

qualificationn.资格;学历;资历

disqualificationn.取消资格;录!］夺资格

8.enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的

enthusiasmn.热情

showenthusiasm展现热情

be/becomeenthusiasticaboutdoingsth.对做某事感兴趣,对做某事热心

anenthusiasticsupporter热心的支持者

anenthusiasticwelcome热烈欢迎

enthusiasticallyadv.热情地

enthusiasmn.热情，热忱

with（great）enthusiasm（非常）热情地

fullofenthusiasm充满热情

9.aboardadv.&prep.上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）

aboardadj,在船（或飞机、车）上的

goaboard上船

区分:abroadadv.在国外，到国外

goaboard上船/飞机/火车/公共汽车

beaboardtheplane/ship在飞机/船上

Welcomeaboard!欢迎乘坐！

Allaboard!请大家上船/火车/公共汽车！

形近词:abroadadv.在国外;到国外

goabroad出国athomeandabroad国内夕卜

10.cupboardn.橱柜；壁橱；衣柜

Cupboardsn.橱柜（复数）

kitchencupboard厨房橱柜

11.assignvt.分派；布置；分配

assignmentn.分配；任务

assignatask分配任务

assignsth.tosb./assignsb.sth.给某人分派某任务

assignsb.to/assth.指派某人做某工作/担任某职务

threewrittenassignments三项书面作业

onassignment受委派

12.stewardn.（轮船、飞机或火车上的）乘务员；服务员

stewardess['stju：srdss]n.女乘务员

airlinesteward航空公司乘务员

13.envyn.&vt.羡慕；妒忌

enviousadj.羡慕的

feelenvious感到羡慕

theenvyofsb.某人羡慕/妒忌的对象

outofenvy出于嫉妒

withenvy羡慕地，妒忌地

envysb.sth.羡慕某人某事

envysb.forsth.因某事而羡慕某人

14.crushvt.毁坏；压坏；压碎n.拥挤的人群

crushedadj.被压碎的

acrushofpeople拥挤的人群

becrushedtodeath压死

getcrushed被压坏/压碎

15.sinkvi.（sanksunk,sunk）沉没；下沉；下降

sinkin被理解沉;使沉没n.洗碗槽

sinktothebottomof沉至！J.....的底部

thesinkingsun落日

拓：sink一词多义:倒下;颓然坐下;陷入

sinkintoachair颓然倒在椅子上

sinkdown沉落

sinkintopoverty陷入贫困中

asinkingfeeling不祥的感觉;沮丧之情

besunkinthought陷人沉思

16.abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃

abandonedadj.被遗弃的

abandonship弃船

abandondoingsth.放弃做某事

abandononeselfto沉湎于（某种情感）

拓：anabandonedfarm废弃的农场

abandonedadj.被遗弃的，被抛弃的

anabandonedcar被抛弃的小汽车

anabandonedchild被遗弃的孩子

abandonhope放弃希望

17.blanketn.毯子

blanketsn.毯子（复数）

awarmblanket一条温暖的毯子

18.belongingsn.[pl.]财物；动产

belongvi适应;应在（某处）

personalbelongings个人物品

拓：常用复数形式的名词：

earnings薪水belongings财物findings调研结果

savings储蓄金goods货物woods树林tears泪水

ruins废墟congratulations祝贺surroundings环境

instructions指示;说明personalbelongings个人财物

19.miserableadj.痛苦的；令人难受的

miserablyadv.痛苦地;非常难受地;悲惨地

lookmiserable一副闷阿不乐的样子

miserableconditions恶劣的条件

wanderaroundmiserably可怜兮兮地四处游荡

amiserablycoldday令人难受的寒冷天气

feelmiserable感到痛苦

20.voyagen.&vi.航海；航行

voyagesn.航海（复数）

anaround-the-worldvoyage环球航行

onthevoyageout/home出航途中/归航途中

avoyageinspace航天

goon/make/takeavoyage去航海（强调动作）

beonavoyage在航海（强调状态）

make/takeavoyageto..航海至（）•••...

make/takeavoyagetoAfrica航海去非洲

辨：各种“旅行''：

海上航行用voyage

长途陆路用journey;

短途短期用trip;

旅游观光用tour

travel用法最普遍,特别指“游记”。

21.navyn.海军；海军部队

navaladj,海军的

navalforce海军力量

22.decentadj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的

decencyn.适当；体面

decentlyadv.正派地;得体地

adecentjob一份体面的工作

23.cosyadj.温馨的；舒适的

acosylittleroom温暖舒适的小房间

acosyfeeling惬意的感觉

warmandcosy暖和又舒适

acosyroom一个温馨的房间

24.selfishadj.自私的

selflessadj.无私的

selflesslyadv无私地；忘我地

selfishbehaviour自私的行为

Itisselfishofsb.todosth.某人做某事是自私的。

workselflessly忘我工作

actselfishly自私行事

25.good/bad-temperedadj.脾气好的/坏的

Tempern.脾气

agood-temperedchild脾气好的孩子

26.genuineadj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的

genuinelyadv.真正地

geniusn.天才

fakeadj.假的

27、genuinediamond/gold真钻石/真金

genuinelove真诚的爱

genuinesignature亲笔签名

28.perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求

Perseverancen.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神

perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求

fullofenergyandperseverance充满活力和毅力

persevereinanattempttodosth.坚持尝试做某事

29.resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决（问题或困难）

resolutionn.决心；坚定的信念,决议；解决；坚定

resolveaconflict解决冲突

resolveaproblem解决问题

resolvetodosth.决心/决定（做）某事

resolvethat...决心/决定（做）某事

resolveondoingsth.决心/决定（做）某事

makearesolutiontodosth.决定做某事

makearesolution做出决/Q?

31.crewn.（轮船、飞机等上面的）全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人

crews[kru：z]n.工作人员（复数）

thecrewofaship船员

32.crueladj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的

cruellyadv.残酷地

acruelact一个残酷的行为

33.thoroughadj.深入的；彻底的；细致的

thoroughlyadv.彻底地

athoroughinvestigation彻底调查

34.furnituren.家具

furnishvt.供应家具

officefurniture办公家具

35.unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遗憾地

unfortunateadj.不幸的

36.fortunatelyadv.幸运地

fortunateadj.幸运的

37.dampadj.潮湿的；湿气重的

dampern.减震器

dampweather潮湿的天气

38.recreationn.娱乐；消遣；游戏

recreationaladj.娱乐的

outdoorrecreation户夕卜运动

39.guidancen.指导；引导；导航

Guidevt.指导

careerguidance职业指导

40.nephewn.侄子；外甥

niecen.侄女；外甥女

mynephew我的侄子

41.advertisingn.广告活动；广告业

advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告

advertisingcampaign广告活动

42.corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社团的

corporationn.公司

acorporateevent公司活动

43.roughadj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的

roughlyadv.大致上

aroughsea汹涌的海

44.navigatorn.领航员；（飞机、船舶等上的）航行者

navigationn.航行

askillednavigator熟练的领航员

45.loyaladj.忠诚的；忠实的

loyaltyn.忠诚

loyalcustomers忠诚的顾客

46.motorn.发动机；马达adj.有引擎的；机动车的

motorizedadj.机动的

amotorvehicle机动车

47.candidaten.候选人；应试者

candidacyn.候选人资格

apresidentialcandidate总统候选人

48.episoden.（人生的）一段经历；（小说的）片段；插曲

episodesn.插曲（复数）

amemorableepisode难忘的经历

49.commitmentn.承诺；保证；奉献

commitvt.承诺

asenseofcommitment承诺感

50.motiven.动机；原因；目的

motivatedadj.有动机的

motiveforaction行动的动机

51.turnsb.down拒绝（某人）

turndown调低turnup出现;到达;调高

turnout结果是，证明是turnto求助于;翻到

turnaround转身turnon接通（电流、水等）;打开

turnoff关掉turnover翻身;翻转;移交

turnin上交;退还

52.be/get/becomestuckin被困在•••

be/getstuckinatrafficjam遇到交通堵塞

be/gettrappedin(=be/getstuckin)被困在••….

be/getcaughtin突然遭遇(风暴等)

常用的“get+过去分词”结构：

gethurt受伤害getcured被治愈

getinvited被邀请getbroken坏了

getpunished受到惩罚

53.keepone*sspiritsup保持某人高昂的情绪

ateamspirit团队精神aspiritofadventure冒险精神

inlow/highspirits情绪低落/高涨raise/liftone'sspirits振奋某人的情绪

spirit表示“情绪”时，用复数形式

one'sspiritsrise/lift/sink某人高兴起来/情绪低落

54.makeit准时到达;获得成功;设法做成

makeitto(尤指在困难情况下)到达，赶上

makeittotheairportjustintime及时到达机场

makeup编造;化妆;和好;组成

makeupfor补偿;弥补

makesense讲得通;有意义

makeone'sway(to)去，前往

makeuseof利用，使用

makethemostof充分利用(=makefulluseof)

55、holdon等一等;坚持住;（电话用语）别挂断

holdonuntilhelparrives坚持直到援助到来

holdonto抓紧,不松开

holdontomyarm抓住我的手臂

holdback阻止;抑制（眼泪等）

二、精讲X3U4重点句型

1、turnsb.down：However,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,Shackletonturnedmedownbecausehethought

Iwastooyoungandwasn'tqualified.此句型中“turnsb.down”表示"拒绝某人",如：Pmafraidourbosswill

turnmedown,另外，需注意“turndown"还有"调小”的意思，如turndowntheradio.

2、bequalifiedfor/todosth.：Theladyisideallyqualifiedforthejob.其中“bequalifiedfbr”表示"具备...

资格的；适合担任的"，“bequalifiedtodosth.”表示“有资格做某事”，是常用表达，如：Heisqualified

toteachEnglish.其动词形式为qualify,名词形式为qualification.

3、abandonsth.tosb.：Theyhadtoabandontheirlandstotheinvadingforces,^cabandon^^意为“舍弃；抛弃；

放弃”，常用搭配有""abandononeselfto（doing）sth.^^表示“纵情/沉溺于（做）某事"，""abandondoingsth."

表示“放弃做某事"，如：Heabandonedhimselftoplayingcomputergames.形容词形式为abandoned,意为

“废弃的；被遗弃的；放任的”.

4、holdon：Holdonnow,Perce,“holdon”有“稍等；挺住；坚持住；（打电话）别挂断”等意思，如：Hold

onforaminute,I,vejustgottoputonmymake-up.其相关短语有“holdup”表示“支撑起;承受住;延迟,

阻碍；抢劫”；“holdonto”表示“抓紧；不放开；保留；坚持”等

5、allowsb.todosth./allowdoingsth.：Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonalbelongings.此句

中“allowsb.todosth.”表示“允许某人做某事"，而“allowdoingsth.”则表示“允许做某事"，如：My

parentsallowmetowatchTVonweekends./Theydon*tallowsmokinghere.

6、managetodosth.：Wehavemanagedtosurvive,''managetodosth.,,表示“努力做某事（成功）”,强调经

过努力最终达到目的，如：Hemanagedtofinishtheworkontime.

7、aslongas：Aslongaswedon!tloseheart,wewillsucceed.4taslongas”引导条件状语从句，意为“只

要...”，如：Youcangoouttoplayaslongasyoufinishyourhomework.

8、whatif：Whatiftheyweredelayed?tawhatif?用于提出假设或疑问，意为“如果...将会怎么样”，如：

Whatifitrainstomorrow?.

9、Ithappenedthat...：IthappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementaboutthe

Antarcticexpedition.此句型表示“碰巧...”，如：IthappenedthatImethimonthestreet..

10>beenthusiasticabout：Iamenthusiasticabouttheidea.ccbeenthusiasticabout...表示“对...热情“，如：

Sheisenthusiasticaboutdancing.

11>getalong/onwith：Igetalongwellwithmyclassmates.ugetalong/onwith...^^表示“和...相处”，如：

Howdoyougetalongwithyournewpartner?.

三、X3U4精练试题

1、词汇精练：

1.n.困境；逆境

2.___________________〃力.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的

3.n.探险；远征；探险队

4.〃力.自私的

5•adv.&〃.上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）

6.毁坏；压坏；压碎n.拥挤的人群

7./沉没；下沉；下降/使下沉；使沉没

8.舍弃；抛弃；放弃

9.________。力.痛苦的；令人难受的

10._________。力.相当不错的；正派的；得体的

11._________。力.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的

12.n.（轮船、飞机等上面的）全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人

13.__________a力.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的

14.__________n.家具

15._______ad/•.潮湿的；湿气重的

16.__________-n.娱乐；消遣；游戏

17.__________ad/•.公司的；法人的；社团的

18._______4力.忠诚的；忠实的

19._________n.候选人；应试者

2、词汇拓展

1.______n.忍耐力；耐久力—_________忍耐；忍受

2.________a次符合资格；具备……的知识（或技能、学历等）

________"取得资格；使合格

3._______-a4.热情的；热心的t_________n.热情；热忱

4.______W.分派；布置；分配-_________n.分配的任务

5._____-n.&v/.羡慕；妒忌一_________。力:妒忌的

6.几财物；动产一历.属于

7.n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神一记坚持；孜孜以求

8.______vi.&vr.决定；决心；解决（问题或困难）％决心；坚定的信念

_______n.决议；解决；坚定

9.________aa:深入的；彻底的；细致的t__________-adv.彻底地

10.________-adv.不幸地；遗憾地一__________adv.幸运地

11.n.申请；请求；应用--v.申请；应用一n.申请人

12._______〃.指导；引导；导航-_______-v.引导

13.________n.广告活动；广告业一__________M.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告

14._______汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的—_____________adv.粗略地

15.________n.承诺；保证；奉献—_________-vf.&vi.（使）作出保证；投入

16.________n.动机；原因；目的。力.发动的I__________n.动机

3、单句语法填空

1.English(navigate)JamesCook,whosailedalongthiscoastin1770,wasthefirstEuropeanknown

tohavesightedFraserIsland.

2.Nativespeciesdisappearedatarateof(rough)twoperyear,whilemorethanonenewcomerarrived.

3.HeisloyalthePartyandhewillalwaysremainso.

4.Allthemorereasonfor(candidate)tobechosenonthebasisofcompetence,notplaceofbirth.

5.Thismeansthattheclosenessandattractiontheyoncefeltisgone,andtheystaytogetheronlyoutof

(commit).

6.Agood(motor)mustleadtogoodeffect,andagoodpurposemustberealizedbygoodmeasures.

7.WheneverIencounterdifficulties,hereyeswillencouragemeandhelpmecheer.

8.Thepollutedair(give)offbycarswilldogreatharmtoourhealth,andtoomanyprivatecarswill

leadtotrafficjamsandagreatdealofenergywillbewasted.

9.Thedevelopmentand(apply)ofnewtechnologiesarekeytothesmoothconstructionofChina5s

smartairports.

10.Gothiswayabouttenminutes.Whenyouseeamotorcar(advertise),turnleft.

4、用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Formostcitizens,(wage)aretheonlysourceofincome.

2.Although38percentofthepeoplediedofdiseasesduringthe(expedite),Cook'sdietofproperfood

kepttherestofthemhealthy.

3.Finallyoneday,Ididit,I(turn)downanunreasonablerequest.

4.1don,tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon'tfeel(qualify)tocomment.

5.SheisinGreeceonan(assign)foroneoftheSundaynewspapers.

6.Thedigginghadleftanetworkof(abandon)minesandtunnels.

7.Hehasneverstoppedtryingandshowedgreat(persevere).

8.Theymadea(resolve)tolosealltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasholidays.

9.Ithinkthe(apply)deadlinewasNovember1st.

10.Our_______(commit)willbeofthehighestorder.

5、语法一

1.We(discuss)theprojectfortwohours.Lefstakeabreak.

2.Atpresent,thereform(approach)itsfinalgoalthatisschoolimprovement.

3.“I(dream)ofarurallifefordecades,butmyworkhampers(阻碍)me,"Chengsays.

4.Analystsfoundthattwomillionofus(abandon)DIYoverthepasttwoyears.

5.Thecompany(promise)ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.

6.Sofar,onlythreecountries(manage)toindependentlysendhumansintospace:China,Russia

andtheU.S.

6、课文语法填空

(i)

ASUCCESSFULFAILURE

PerceBlackborowjoinedanexpeditionwithSirErnestShackletontoAntarcticaontheshipEndurancein

1914.Shackletonwasoneofthemostfamous_1(explore)ofhisdayanditwasconsideredagreat

honourtobepartofhisexpeditions.Below_2(be)someofBlackborow*sdiaryentries.

31Oct,1914

...Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarctic

expedition.

Anexpedition_3theSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton-thisistheadventurethatI

_4(dream)of.AndIwasreadyforit.Attheageof19,Iamfitandfullofvigour.

_5,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwas

tooyoungandwasn't_6(qualify).ButIwassoenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwith

them_7Isecretlywentaboardhisship,theEndurance,andhidinasmallcupboard.

_8(unfortunate),threedaysafterwesetoffIwasdiscovered.Shackletondidnotwanttoturnback

sohe_9(offer)meajob,butonlyafterhepromisedme,"Ifanyonehastobeeaten,thenyouwill

bethefirst!"Heassignedmetobeasteward,andInowservemealsfortwenty-eightmen,threetimes

_10___________day.

HoweveryonewillenvymewhenIcomebackandtellthemabouttheamazingplacesIhavebeen

_11________!

21Nov,1915

Thejourneyhasnotbeeneasy.Endurancebecame_12(stick)intheiceasweapproached

Antarctica.Theicefrozearoundusandwewerewelland_13(true)stuck!Wesawtheshipget

_14(crush)bytheice.Andwhentheshipsank,ourheartssank_15it.

_16weabandonedtheship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmost

essentialsupplies-thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothes,andblankets.Thiswasnotime

_17(panic),Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonal_18(belonging),

andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.Buttooursurprise,heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo.Hussey

oftenplaysittokeepour_19(spirit)up.

Wehavenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewill

soonbegintomelt.

20May,1916

We_20(struggle)fordays,butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.We

arenowcrowdedtogetherunderoneofourboatsonthe_21(rock)shoreofthismiserableplace.

Soonafterwearrived,ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland,1,320kilometresaway-thevoyage

wastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomake_22_________inoursmallboats.IfShackletonfails,willwe

haveanyhopeofrescue?No.NonavyintheworldeverstopsatElephantIsland,andnooneelseknowsthatwe

arehere.

Ifeellow.It'scoldandwindy.Theislandhasnoplants.Sometimesweareabletocatchasealorapenguinto

eat.Otherwise,thereisnofood.Itrytothinkofhappierthings:decentfood,warmanddryclothes,acosybedroom,

sunnydays,andmymother'sface..._23,thesehappymemoriesaresooninterruptedby

_24suddencoldrushofair.Ishouted,"Shutthedoor!"

nHoldonnow,Perce.Don'tyougo_25(turn)intoanotherTom,"camethereply."We've

caughtanotherpenguin,soit'spenguinsouptonight!"

BlessFrankWild,thekindestmanthereisafterourleader,ErnestShackleton.HowcouldIbecome

_26selfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees!

WithoutFrankandErnest,we'dallbedeadbynow.Theirgenuineconcernforothers,their

_27(persevere),andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.Perhapsthereisachancewewillreturnhome,

afterall.

(2)

THEREWARDFORPERSEVERANCE

WewatchedasShackletonandtheboatsailedawayfromElephantIsland.Itwaseasy

_1(imagine)thedangeraheadofthem.Wouldtheyeverreturntofindus?Whatmighthappento

them?Whatifthey_2(delay)?Wefeltsoaloneanddesperate.Butitwasnotforlong.Therewas

nothinglikeagooddinnerandsomemusic_3(cheer)usup.

Life_4(fall)intoaregularpattern.Stayingalivetookallourtimeandenergy.Forexample,

weneededwater,andElephantIslandhadnone.Wefoundthatwecouldmelticefromtheoceananddrinkthe

waterfromit.Buthowcouldwemakefire?Therewerenotrees_5(grow)onAntarcticaandno

oil,sotheonlyfuelwecouldusewasanimalfat.Thisgave_6oily,blacksmoke,butitstayed

_7(burn)eveninstrongwinds.

Foodwasalsoaproblem,aswedidnotfindanyvegetablesorfruitontheisland.Oneofourgroupmembers,

LionelGreenstreet,notedinhisdiaryabouthowboredhewas_8themeals:"Thefoodnowispretty

wellallmeatofseacreatures."Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.Asachef,itwasmydutytocook,

soItriedtovarythemealsin_9wayIcould.Butitwasdifficult.

Wehadtobecarefulnottogooutsidetoooften,asthechangingtemperaturescouldmakeusill.Itwasalmost

_10dangeroustobecometoohotfromwearingtoomanyclothesastobecometoocoldfromwearing

toofew.Thesweatcouldfreezeveryquickly.Manyofusalsobecameillfromtheblacksmokeoftheanimalfatwe

burnt_11ourfires.Itdamagedoureyesandburntourlungs.

Thetwenty-twoofuslivedlikethisinthecoldforfourmonths.Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptus

optimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfears_12apositiveandsuccessfulway.Wealsocelebratedour

birthdays,festivals,andeventhetimes_13wecaughtaseaanimal.Thiswasanepisodeinmylife

thatIwouldneverforget.

Whenwewerefinallyrescued,wefelt_14reliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.

Wewereatlastfreetogohometowarmbeds,goodfood,andthecareofourfamilyandfriends.Ouroptimismand

faith_15Shackletonhadhelpeduspersevereinstayingalive.Andhepaidusbackbyhis

commitmenttosaveusfromaslow_16painfuldeath.

X3U4精练试题答案

、1.adversity2.bitter3.expedition4.selfish5.aboard6.crush7.sink8.abandon9._miserable10.decent11.

genuine12.crew13.cruel14.furniture15damp16.recreation

17.corporate18.loyal19.candidate

二、1.endurance;endure2.qualified;qualify3.enthusiastic;enthusiasm4.assign;assignments,envy;envious6.

belongings;belong7.perseverance;persevere8.resolve;resolution9.thorough;thoroughly10.unfortunately;

fortunately11.application;apply;applicant12.guidance;guide13.advertising;advertise14.rough;roughly15.

commitment;commit16.motive;motivation

1.Englishnavigator(navigate)JamesCook,whosailedalongthiscoastin1770,wasthefirstEuropeanknown

tohavesightedFraserIsland.

2.Nativespeciesdisappearedatarateofroughly(rough)twoperyear,whilemorethanonenewcomerarrived.

3.HeisloyaltothePartyandhewillalwaysremainso.

4.Allthemorereasonforcandidates(candidate)tobechosenonthebasisofcompetence,notplaceofbirth.

5.Thismeansthattheclosenessandattractiontheyoncefeltisgone,andtheystaytogetheronlyoutof

commitment(commit).

6.Agoodmotive(motor)mustleadtogoodeffect,andagoodpurposemustberealizedbygoodmeasures.

7.WheneverIencounterdifficulties,hereyeswillencouragemeandhelpmecheerup.

8.Thepollutedairgiven(give)offbycarswilldogreatharmtoourhealth,andtoomanyprivatecarswillleadto

trafficjamsandagreatdealofenergywillbewasted.

9.Thedevelopmentandapplication(apply)ofnewtechnologiesarekeytothesmoothconstructionofChina's

smartairports.

10.Gothiswayabouttenminutes.Whenyouseeamotorcaradvertisement(advertise),turnleft.

四、1.Formostcitizens,wages(wage)aretheonlysourceofincome.

2.Although38percentofthepeoplediedofdiseasesduringtheexpedition(expedite),Cook'sdietofproperfood

kepttherestofthemhealthy.

3.Finallyoneday,Ididit,Itumed(turn)downanunreasonablerequest.

4.Idon'tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon'tfeelqualified(qualify)tocomment.

5.SheisinGreeceonanassignment(assign)foroneoftheSundaynewspapers.

6.Thedigginghadleftanetworkofabandoned(abandon)minesandtunnels.

7.Hehasneverstoppedtryingandshowedgreatperseverance(persevere).

8.Theymadearesolution(resolve)tolosealltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasholidays.

9.Ithinktheapplication(apply)deadlinewasNovember1st.

10.Ourcommitmentcommit)willbeofthehighestorder.

五、l.Wehavebeendiscussing(discuss)theprojectfortwohours.Lefstakeabreak.

2.Atpresent,thereformhasapproached(approach)itsfinalgoalthatisschoolimprovement.

3.“Ihavebaeedreaming(dream)ofarurallifefordecades,butmyworkhampers(阻碍)me,"Chengsays.

4.Analystsfoundthattwomillionofushaveabandoned(abandon)DIYoverthepasttwoyears.

5.Thecompanyhasbeenpromising(promise)ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.

6.Sofar,onlythreecountrieshavemanaged(manage)toindependentlysendhumansintospace:China,Russiaand

theU.S.

六、答案解析

1、explorers：“oneof+可数名词复数”表示"……之一"，此处指“最著名的探险家之一”，所以用explore

的名词复数形式explorers。

2、are：此句是倒装句，主语是“someofBlackborowldiaryentries”,为复数概念，描述的是一般情况，所

以用一般现在时的be动词复数形式areo

3>to：66anexpeditionto...9,表示“去...的探险”，此处指去南极的探险，用介词to表示方向。

4、haddreamed：此处表示“这是我一直梦想的冒险”，梦想这个动作在“readtheadvertisement”之前就已

经存在，是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时haddreamedo

5、However：前文提到自己准备好了，后文说被拒绝了，前后是转折关系，所以用However表转折。

6、qualified：ccbequalified,?表示“合格的，有资格的“，符合语境，此处用形容词作表语。

7、that：“so...that...”是固定句型，引导结果状语从句，表示“如此...以至于.....7符合此处语境。

8、Unfortunately：此处修饰整个句子，要用副词形式，在句首作状语，所以用Unfortunately,意为“不幸

的是

9、offered：文章整体是在叙述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，此处offer的过去式为offered,符合时态

要求。

10>a："threetimesaday”表示"一天三次",是固定表达。

11、to：“havebeento”表示"去过(某地)”，强调有这样的经历，符合语境。

12、stuck：“becomestuck”表示“被困住"，stuck是stick的过去分词形式，在这里作表语，符合“get/become

+过去分词”的结构，表示进入某种状态。

13>truly：修饰形容词stuck要用副词形式，true的副词是truly,意为“真正地”。

u

14、crushed：get+过去分词”表示被动，此处指船被冰挤压，crush的过去分词是crushedo

15、with：