必考点12 完形填空之说明文【对点变式题】2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期中必考题精准练（人教版2019）（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE1必考点12说明文必考一人与自我经典必考感知练WhenIlivedinChina,itwasastruggleformetolearnChineseandadapttoChinese____1____.WhenIfirstwenttoschool,Iwassurprisedattheclass____2____.Therewereaboutsixtystudentsinourclass.Andthestudentswerenotso____3____asthoseintheUSwhereweoftenhadopendiscussions.However,itwasnotabig____4____formebecausewhenIwenttoschool,Ididnot____5____anythingthattheteacherandstudentssaid.I____6____satinmyseatwithout____7____anything.AfterIwenthome,I____8____andtoldmymomthatIwantedtogobacktomyhomeland.WhenIcalmeddown,I____9____thatIhadtostudyChineseveryhard,butitwasverydifficulttolearnthelanguage.Everydayatschool,Itriedto_____10_____Chinesestudentsandmakefriendswiththem.Whenschoolwasover,IstudiedChineseallnightusingelementaryschoolbooks.It_____11_____tobeagoodwayformetolearnChinese._____12_____,IbegantospeakChineseinschool.Finally,Ibecame_____13_____duringclassandbegantomakesomefriends._____14_____,IachievedahighgradeintheexamandwasalsoabletoadapttoChineseliving.Now,IliketotalkwithChinesefriendsandIlikeChinesefood,too.Theexperienceof_____15_____tolearnChineseinChinawasveryvaluableforme.IwillneverforgetthattimewhenIlearnedsomuch.1．A．arrangements B．styles C．customs D．climates2．A．system B．size C．design D．event3．A．relaxed B．friendly C．certain D．patient4．A．mistake B．danger C．error D．problem5．A．believe B．prepare C．understand D．provide6．A．just B．still C．also D．seldom7．A．contacting B．doing C．observing D．affording8．A．continued B．changed C．cried D．admitted9．A．decided B．explained C．guessed D．imagined10．A．talkto B．watchover C．turnto D．lookinto11．A．madeout B．workedout C．madeit D．turnedout12．A．Oneafteranother B．Littlebylittle C．Aboveall D．Forexample13．A．amazed B．curious C．active D．unique14．A．Naturally B．Normally C．Obviously D．Professionally15．A．begging B．exploring C．competing D．struggling必考二人与社会经典必考感知练Ifyoubrowsethroughalibrary,you'11findavarietyofbooks,fromfictiontocrimetoromance.Andifyou____16____throughacityyou'llseeavarietyofpeopleof____17____ages,bodyshapes,skincolorsandgenders.InCopenhagen,a(n)____18____library,TheHumanLibrary,offersbooksmadeoffleshandboneinsteadof____19____--individualsfromallwalksoflifeorfacedwith____20____Thebooktitlesareshortandtothepointliketransgender,formercrimina1or'immigrant.Readersmayborrowthese“books”forathirty-minute____21____Thehumanbooksarevolunteers,andvisitingreadersareencouragedtoaskthose____22____orembarrassingquestionsthey’vealwayswonderedabout.The____23____ideafirstcametoRonniAbergelwhenhewastroubledbythe____24____thatpeopletendedtodroppeopleinlittleboxeswithprejudicethrougha____25____knowledgeofthem.He____26____sittingdownandmeetingsomeofthepeopleyounormallymightfeelalittlebit____27____about,whichwillhelpyoulearntremendouslynotonlyaboutthem,butalsoabout____28____SothemainideaoftheHumanLibraryisto____29____theassumptionsandstereotypes(刻板印象)thatwe____30____tohaveaboutotherpeople.TransgendervolunteerKatyJonWentisaregularhostfortheHumanLibrarysevents,“Thebestthingtorememberisthatyoucanaskthemanything--thehuman"books'are____31____offended,whichisanincrediblyrare____32____”Today85____33____haveaHumanLibrary,fromNorwayandHungaryallthewaytoAustraliaandMongolia!Theeventisallaboutcelebratinghuman____34____It'sacelebrationforeveryone____35____race,age,gender,ornationality.16．A．drag B．cut C．break D．wander17．A．particular B．changeable C．different D．general18．A．national B．unusual C．conventional D．optional19．A．blood B．stories C．paper D．material20．A．discrimination B．choices C．hardships D．questions21．A．read B．conversation C．negotiation D．time22．A．ridiculous B．incredible C．awkward D．delightful23．A．original B．universal C．sensible D．bright24．A．survey B．assumption C．evidence D．phenomenon25．A．basic B．profound C．practical D．limited26．A．recommends B．commands C．denies D．appreciates27．A．certain B．uncomfortable C．irritated D．enthusiastic28．A．herself B．himself C．yourself D．myself29．A．confirm B．challenge C．make D．disapprove30．A．opposed B．pretended C．preferred D．used31．A．always B．rarely C．sometimes D．once32．A．behavior B．activity C．offer D．scene33．A．countries B．cities C．races D．peoples34．A．kindness B．gratitude C．tolerance D．diversity35．A．regardlessof B．onaccountof C．intermsof D．awareof必考三人与自然经典必考感知练Itwasalongwayupthehumblezipper(拉链)tobecomethemechanicalwonderthathaskeptourlives“together”inmanyways.Thezipperhadpassedthroughthehandsofseveralgiftedinventors,thoughnone____36____thegeneralpublictoacceptthezipperaspartofeverydaylife.Itwasthemagazineandfashionindustrythatmadezipperthepopularitemitistoday.ThestorybeganwhenEliasHowe,inventorofthesewingmachine,receivedapatent(专利)in1851foran“Automatic,ContinuousClothingClosure.”However,itdidn’tgomuchfurtherbeyondthatsimple____37____description.Perhapsitwasthesuccessofthesewingmachine,thatstoppedEliasfrom____38____marketinghisclothingclosuresystem.Asaresult,Howemissedhischancetobecomethe____39____“FatheroftheZip.”Forty-fouryearslater,inventorWhitcombJudsonmarketeda“ClaspLocker”device____40____tothesystemdescribedinthe1851Howepatent.Beingfirsttomarket,Whitcombgot____41____forbeingthe“inventorofthezipper.”Theclasplockerwasreleasedatthe1893Chicagoworld’sFairbyhisuniversalfastener(扣件)companyandwasmetwithlittle____42____success.Notmanyproductsweresoldatthattime.ItwasanelectricalengineernamedGideonSundbackwhohelpedmakethezipperthehititistoday.____43____hiredtoworkfortheUniversalFastenerCompanyasanordinaryemployee,Sundbackreliedonhisexcellentdesignskillstorisetothepositionasheaddesigner.WhenSunback’swifediedin1911,thesadhusbandbusiedhimselfatthedesigntablefocusingonthe____44____ofthefastener.InDecemberof1913,hecameupwithwhatwouldbecomethe_____45_____zipper._____46_____,itstilltook20moreyearstopersuadethefashionindustrytoseriouslypromotethenewclosureonclothing.Inthe1930s,asalescampaignbeganforchildren’sclothingfeaturingzippers.Thecampaignadvertisedzippersasawaytopromote_____47_____inyoungchildrenasthedevicesmadeitpossibleforthemlodressbythemselves.AndEsquiremagazinedeclaredthezipperthe“NewestTailoringIdeaforMen.”sayingitwould_____48_____“thepossibilityofunintentionalandembarrassingdressingmoments.”Todaythezipperiseverywhereandisusedinclothing,luggage,leathergoodsand_____49_____otherobjects.Thousandsofzippermilesareproduceddailytomeettheneedsofconsumers,_____50_____theearlyeffortsofthemanyfamouszipperinventorsanddevelopers.36．A．convinced B．advised C．permitted D．invited37．A．manufacturer B．function C．price D．material38．A．imagining B．delaying C．pursuing D．rewarding39．A．recognized B．upgraded C．interpreted D．pretended40．A．agreeable B．familiar C．similar D．inferior41．A．edition B．credit C．method D．wealth42．A．commercial B．private C．domestic D．potential43．A．Purposefully B．Generally C．Originally D．Decidedly44．A．brand B．assessment C．packing D．improvement45．A．profitable B．scarce C．modern D．noticeable46．A．Moreover B．Forexample C．However D．Onthecontrary47．A．self-awareness B．self-reliance C．self-defense D．self-guidance48．A．avoid B．worsen C．balance D．personalize49．A．mechanical B．countless C．reliable D．portable50．A．innameof B．thanksto C．inadditionto D．incaseof※解题技巧提炼→考点综述高考完形填空题中，说明文是较难理解的一种文体，往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，结构严谨，句子结构复杂，开头点题，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，一般按一定的顺序展开，采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂，遣词用字简练，并且条理清晰。技巧提炼1.快速弄清文章大意 结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，了解文章大意。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。2.弄清楚说明的顺序 把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。3.把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节 把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。4.注重上下文语境 应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。5.熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则：（1）上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。（2）语法正确。从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。（3）逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。（4）符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。必练一真题预知对点练（2021年全国新高考1卷）Mylifeasatax-payingemployedpersonbeganinmiddleschool,when,forthreewholedays,Iworkedinabakingfactory.MybestfriendBetsy’sfatherwasamanageratHoughBakeries,which,atEastertime,____41____littlebunny(兔子)cakesforallits____42____throughoutCleveland.Ithappenedthattheplantdowntownneededeightkidsfor____43____helpduringourspringbreak,forwhichIhadno____44____beyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords.I’d____45____minimumwage.I’dseehowafactory____46____.MyparentsthoughtallofthiswasagrandideaandcalledBetsy’sdadwiththeir____47____.Our____48____inthefactoryweresimple:Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears.Applyicingeyesandnose.____49____bunnyfromthebelt.Thiswas_____50_____thanitsounds._____51_____abitandthecakespileup.AsItoldmyparentsatdinnerthatfirstnight,itwasallalittlemorehigh-pressurethanI’d_____52_____.Dad____53____.Thesonofagrocer,he’dspentthesummersofhischildhood_____54_____foodinBenardsville,NewJersey.Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyou_____55_____thedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework,hetoldme.41.A.sold B.ordered C.made D.reserved42.A.stores B.families C.schools D.citizens43.A.generous B.financial C.technical D.temporary44.A.plans B.problems C.excuses D.hobbies45.A.offer B.earn C.set D.suggest46.A.worked B.closed C.developed D.survived47.A.ambition B.permission C.experience D.invitation48.A.joys B.ideas C.roles D.choices49.A.Save B.Keep C.Stop D.Remove50.A.harder B.better C.longer D.cheaper51.A.Calmdown B.Slowdown C.Stayon D.Moveon52.A.indicated B.witnessed C.expected D.remembered53.A.cried B.smiled C.hesitated D.refused54.A.tasting B.finding C.sharing D.delivering55.A.withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciate必练二真题预知对点练（2021年浙江卷）Mymotheris92.UnlessIhavetobeoutoftown,eachweekItakemymothertodoher___16___andvisitthedoctor,providing___17___andtransportation.Duringtheweek,however,shelikestogotoanearbystoreto___18___somesmallthingssheneeds.Lastweekshewalkeduptothestore,butwhenshewenttopayforhergroceries,shewas___19___aboutthreedollars.Theonly___20___topayforthegrocerieswastotakeoffthe___21___shecoulddowithout:abottleofrubbingalcohol（医用酒精）andabarofsoup.Bytakingofthese,shewasableto___22___thenewtotaltotheamountofcashshehadwithher.Atthisstore,people___23___andthengoofftothesideto___24___theirowngroceries.Mymotherwasputtinghergroceriesintoshoppingbagswhena___25___cameuptoherandsaid,"Herearethethingsthatyou___26___."handinghertherubbingalcoholandthe___27___.Mymother,whoisneverspeechless,wasspeechless.She___28___forthewoman'snameandaddresssothatshecould___29___her.Thewomantoldheritwasher___30___.Mymotherwasso___31___byhergesturethatshedecidedtogobacktothestoreandgivethecashier（收银员）afive-dollarbilltokeeponhand___32___thesamehappenedtosomeoneelseiftheydidn'thaveenough___33___foralloftheirgroceries.So,whoeveryouare,thankyoufortherandomactof___34___thatnotonlyhelpedmymotherout,but___35___too.16.A.exercise B.housework C.cooking D.shopping17.A.reward B.medicine C.company D.shelter18.A.return B.collet C.order D.buy19.A.shot B.cautious C.wrong D.concerned20.A.aim B.way C.advice D.reason21.A.weight B.things C.mask D.glasses22.A.raise B.add C.bring D.switch23.A.showup B.callin C.checkout D.sitdown24.A.store B.select C.deliver D.bag25.A.stranger B.cashier C.friend D.doctor26.A.lookedfor B.talkedabout C.threwaway D.putback27.A.receipt B.soap C.cash D.bottle28.A.asked B.waited C.cared D.searched29.A.repay B.trust C.recognize D.help30.A.luck B.chance C.gift D.turn31.A.surprised B.amused C.touched D.convinced32.A.incase B.evenif C.asthough D.sothat33.A.energy B.money C.space D.time34.A.faith B.courage C.kindness D.honor35.A.madeherday B.changedhermind C.caughthereye D.metherdemand必练三真题预知对点练It'stheseasidebirdsthatdeserveatleastpartoftheblameforgettingNickBurchillblacklistedattheFairmontEmpressHotelinVictoria,Canada.Burchillwas___21___atthehotelonbusinessandplanningto___22___somefriendsinthearea.Theyhadaskedhimto___23___somepepperoni(辣香肠)frombackeast.Sohe___24___asuitcasefullofpepperoni.Ashewas___25___thatitwouldbetoowarm,he___26___itoutonthetablenearanopenwindow.Hethoughthispepperoniwas___27___andwellchilled(冷却)andhe___28___.That'swhenthingswent____29____“Irememberwalkingdownthelong_____30_____andopeningthedoortomyroomtofindanentireflockofseagulls,”Burchillsaidinarecentletterof_____31_____tothe4-starhotel."Theseagullsimmediatelywent_____32_____.Theyrushedtothewindow,30or40birdsalltryingto_____33_____atthesametime,andpepperoni—everywhere.Thecurtainswerefallingdown,thelampswerefallingdown,Itwasareal_____34_____.Olderandwisernow,Burchillchalkeduptheincidenttoyouthfulindiscretion(莽撞).“Ihave_____35_____andIadmitresponsibilityofmy_____36_____,”hesaidintheletter.“Icometoyou,_____37_____,toapologizeforthe-damageIhad_____38_____causedandtoaskyouto_____39_____mylifetimebanfromthehotel.”Hisletter_____40_____.Bannedfromthehotelsince2001.Burchillisnowwelcometocomeback,theFairmontsaid.21A.studying B.staying C.looking D.packing22.A.visit B.help C.follow D.make23.A.sell B.have C.bring D.taste24.A.filled B.locked C.abandoned D.lost25.A.surprised B.pleased C.excited D.worried26.A.dug B.cleared C.cut D.laid27.A.delicious B.safe C.soft D.ready28.A.left B.nodded C.waited D.regretted29.A.far B.funny C.wrong D.blind30.A.beach B.driveway C.hall D.table31.A.application B.apology C.request D.invitation32.A.hungry B.dead C.missing D.wild33.A.wakeup B.getout C.takeoff D.breakin34.A.mess B.puzzle C.fight D.challenge35.A.recovered B.retired C.escaped D.matured36.A.suffering B.plans C.madness D.actions37.A.handsinpocket B.noseintheair C.hatinhand D.feetontheground38.A.indirectly B.deliberately C.cautiously D.secretly39.A.replace B.remember C.reconsider D.renew40.A.arrived B.worked C.ended D.disappearedPassage1（2022·青海·西宁市海湖中学高二开学考试）Canyouimaginewhatlifewouldbelikeiftherewereno____1____?Youcouldnotcall

____2____

yourfriendsonthephoneandtalktothem.Iffire

____3____

outinyourhouseyoucouldnot

____4____

thefiredepartment.Ifsomebodywere

____5____,youcouldnotcalla

____6____.Inourdailylifeweneedtocommunicatewith

____7____.Wedothis

____8____

byspeakingtootherpeopleandlisteningto

____9____

theyhavetosaytous,andwhenweare

_____10_____

tothemwecandothisvery

_____11_____.However,our

_____12_____

willnottravelveryfarevenwhenwe

_____13_____,anditisthankstothe

_____14_____

ofthetelephonethatweare

_____15_____

abletocommunicatewitheachothercleary

_____16_____

wewereinthe

_____17_____

boat.Themanwho

_____18_____

thispossiblewasAlexanderGraham,aScotsman,borninEdin-burghin1847.Bell,ateacherofvisiblespeechwholatermovedtoCanada._____19_____

allhissparetimeexperimenting.

_____20_____

enthusiastic（热情的）washeinhisresearchforameansforsendingspeechbyelectricitythatheleftlittletimeforhisday-to-dayworkandatonetimewasalmostpenniless.1．A．electricity B．telephones C．television D．telescope2．A．on B．for C．In D．up3．A．broke B．took C．looked D．put4．A．cry B．shout C．call D．talk5．A．excited B．tired C．sick D．sad6．A．teacher B．assistant C．professor D．doctor7．A．you B．others C．them D．oneanother8．A．mostly B．quickly C．suddenly D．early9．A．that B．this C．what D．which10．A．friendly B．close C．nice D．cruel11．A．slowly B．easily C．certainly D．beautifully12．A．noises B．lectures C．feelings D．voices13．A．speak B．smile C．breathe D．shout14．A．invention B．discovery C．experiment D．improvement15．A．already B．yet C．still D．never16．A．asif B．evenif C．onlyif D．ifonly17．A．other B．opposite C．same D．different18．A．had B．did C．made D．brought19．A．took B．wasted C．cost D．spent20．A．So B．Very C．Too D．SuchPassage2（2022·山东·莱州市第一中学高二开学考试）APoetIsinHisWordsThewritingsofWilliamShakespearearetoday____21____readbyyoungpeopleinBritain.Hisyoungreadershipis____22____tothosewhochoosetostudyliteratureatuniversity____23____,inBritishschools,itisrequiredtostudythepoet,andwhensomethingismadecompulsory,usuallytheresultis____24____,angerorboth.Shakespeare,CharlesDickens,JaneAusten-formanyoftheyoung,readingthemcanseemlikebeingforcedtoeatmedicine,____25____whenpeopleareatanagewhentheyarebeginningtodiscoverthemselvesandwantingto____26____theirindependence.Thiswasmyexperienceoftheclassicsatschool.ButwhenIreachedmylateteenageyearsIhadachangeofheart.Likeeveryotheryoungpersonsincethedawnoftime,theworld____27____me.Iwantedanswers,soI____28____bookstofindthem.IwentontotakeaPhDin____29____andhavetaughtthesubjectinuniversitiesinBritainandChina.Ihaveneverregrettedit.Thereissomethinginliteraturethatpeoplewant,____30____theydon'treadbooks.Youseethisinthe____31____ofTVandmovieadaptationsofgreatworks,therecentfilmversionofJaneAusten’sPrideandPrejudicebeingacaseinpoint.Thesepopularadaptationsmayhelpincreasepeople’sinterestintheclassic.Readinga____32____RomeoandJulietmayperhapsleadtoareadingofShakespeare'sactualplay.Ifthatisthecase,thenIwelcomethetrend.____33____,donotmakethemistakeofthinkingthatitisthesamething.Shakespeareisapoetandhisgreatnessisinhis____34____.Readingsomeoneelse'srewritingofhisworkislikepeelingabanana,throwingawaythefruitandeatingtheskin.Takeonthe____35____.Itreallyisworththeeffort.21．A．often B．little C．simply D．just22．A．limited B．opposed C．attached D．used23．A．Thus B．So C．Still D．Even24．A．love B．boredom C．affection D．regret25．A．randomly B．simply C．usually D．especially26．A．recover B．claim C．fight D．struggle27．A．confused B．shocked C．hurt D．acknowledged28．A．appealedto B．objectedto C．turnedto D．submittedto29．A．science B．history C．art D．literature30．A．evenif B．asif C．onlyif D．ifonly31．A．similarity B．resistance C．popularity D．restriction32．A．borrowed B．worn C．simplified D．torn33．A．However B．Besides C．Hence D．Rather34．A．vocabulary B．language C．character D．plot35．A．initial B．memorial C．trial D．originalPassage3（2022·上海交大附中高二开学考试）Atruestoryofretirementplanningisthatyourfutureisridingonthequalityofyourassumptions.Humble___36___canbedangerous.Forexample,eightyearsintothisbullmarketexpectingstockstodeliveras—strongreturnsoverthenextdecadeisanuncertainpropositionmanyarenonetheless___37___.Anotherpotential___38___assumptionisthatyouwillbeabletokeepworkingpast65.Yettherecentlyreleased2017RetirementConfidenceSurveybythenonpartisanEmployeeBenefitResearchInstitutefindsthatmorethanhalfofworkerssaytheyexpecttostillbeontheclockpastage65.By___39___,lessthan15percentoftoday’sretireeskeptworkingthatlong.“Ifyouplanonworkinglongerasawaytogetbyinretirement,youaregoingtobeintrouble,”saysCraigCopeland,seniorresearchassociateatEBRI.“Itshouldbeacomplementtoasolidsavingsandspend