‘It’的用法（教学设计）-2024-2025学年人教新目标Go For It!英语八年级上册

'It'的用法（教学设计）-2024-2025学年人教新目标GoForIt!英语八年级上册课题：科目：班级：课时：计划1课时教师：单位：一、教学内容分析嘿，同学们，今天我们要一起探索一个特别有趣的英语语法点——"it"的用法。这节课，我们将深入到2024-2025学年人教新目标GoForIt!英语八年级上册的“语法基础”这一章节。在这里，我们会接触到“it”作为形式主语和形式宾语的用法，这对于我们更好地理解和运用英语句子结构非常重要哦！想象一下，当我们能够熟练地运用"it"来构建句子，我们的英语表达能力是不是会更上一层楼呢？让我们一起开启这场语法之旅吧！😊📚🌟二、核心素养目标本节课旨在培养学生的英语核心素养，包括语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力。通过学习"it"的用法，学生将提升对英语句子结构的理解和运用能力，增强语言表达的准确性和流畅性。同时，学生将学会在语境中运用"it"，培养跨文化交际意识，提高思维敏捷性和逻辑性。此外，通过合作学习和探究活动，学生将增强自主学习能力和合作精神。三、教学难点与重点1.教学重点

-核心内容：正确理解并运用"it"作为形式主语和形式宾语的用法。

-具体细节：

-区分"it"作为形式主语和形式宾语时的句子结构，例如："Itisimportanttostudyhard."（它（形式主语）是很重要的去努力学习。）和"Theimportantthingistostudyhard."（重要的是去努力学习。）

-理解"it"作为形式主语和形式宾语背后的逻辑关系，例如："Itseemsthatheistired."（看起来他累了。）

-练习构建含有形式主语和形式宾语的句子，如："Itisnecessaryforustofinishourhomeworkontime."（对我们来说按时完成作业是必要的。）

2.教学难点

-难点内容：在复杂句子中识别和正确使用"it"作为形式主语和形式宾语。

-具体细节：

-确定何时使用"it"作为形式主语，例如在表达抽象概念或感觉时，如："Itisabeautifulday."（今天是个美好的日子。）

-识别"it"作为形式宾语时的真正宾语，如："Ithinkitisagoodidea."（我认为这是个好主意。）

-避免混淆"it"作为形式主语和形式宾语与实际宾语的使用，例如："Shemadeitclearthatshewantedtoleave."（她明确表示她想要离开。）

-在写作和口语练习中识别并纠正错误的使用，如："Hesaidthatitisdifficulttounderstandit."（他说这个很难理解。正确应为："Hesaidthatitwasdifficulttounderstandit."）四、教学方法与策略1.采用讲授与讨论相结合的教学方法，首先通过讲解"it"的用法，帮助学生建立基本概念。

2.设计角色扮演活动，让学生在模拟情境中练习使用"it"作为形式主语和形式宾语，提高实际运用能力。

3.利用多媒体展示相关例句和图片，帮助学生直观理解"it"的不同用法。

4.组织小组讨论，让学生分析句子结构，深化对"it"用法的理解。

5.设计语法游戏，如“句子接龙”，激发学生学习兴趣，巩固所学知识。五、教学过程**导入**

1."Goodmorning,class!Howareyoualltoday?Today,we'regoingtodiveintoafascinatingaspectofEnglishgrammar—theusageof'it'.Cananyonetellmewhat'it'istypicallyusedfor?"

**活动一：热身与复习**

2."Let'sstartwithaquickreview.Whocanremindusofsomebasicusesof'it'?(Allowstudentstorespond.)Excellent!Now,we'regoingtolookathow'it'canactasasubjectorobject,especiallyinmorecomplexsentences."

3.Beginwithafewsimpleexamplesontheboard,suchas:

-"Itissunnyoutside."

-"Shemadeittothetopofthemountain."

4.Askstudentstoidentifytheroleof"it"ineachsentence.

**活动二：深入探讨**

5."Nowthatwe'verevisitedsomebasicuses,let'sexplorethedifferentrolesof'it'moredeeply.First,we'lllookat'it'asasubject,alsoknownastheformalsubject."

6.Provideexamplesof"it"asaformalsubject:

-"Itisimportanttofollowtherules."

-"Itseemsthatwe'regoingtohaveabusyday."

7.Discussthemeaningbehindthesesentencesandwhy"it"isusedinthisway.

8.Moveonto"it"asanobject,specificallytheformalobject.Showexamples:

-"Ithinkitisagreatidea."

-"Shedoesn'tlikeitwhenthelightsareoff."

9.Discusshowthetrueobjectisimpliedbutnotstateddirectly.

**活动三：角色扮演**

10."Tomakethisconceptmoreconcrete,let'sdoarole-playactivity.I'lldivideyouintogroups.Eachgroupwillcreateascenariowhere'it'canbeusedasaformalsubjectorobject."

11.Giveeachgrouptimetoprepareandthenhavethempresenttheirscenariostotheclass.

12.Aftereachpresentation,asktheclasstoanalyzehow"it"isusedinthecontextprovided.

**活动四：小组讨论**

13."Now,let'shaveaclassdiscussion.Howdowedeterminewhether'it'shouldbeusedasaformalsubjectorobject?Cansomeoneexplainthecriteria?"

14.Encouragestudentstosharetheirthoughtsandinsights.Facilitateaconversationthatleadstoadeeperunderstandingofthenuances.

15.Providefurtherexamplestoclarifyanyconfusion,suchas:

-"Itwassurprisingtoseehowwellheperformed."

-"Thechallengewastocompletetheprojectontime."

**活动五：练习与巩固**

16."Nowthatwe'vediscussedtheusesof'it',let'spractice.I'mgoingtogiveyousomesentencestems,andyouneedtocompletethemusingthecorrectformof'it'."

17.Examplesofsentencestems:

-"__________isnecessarytounderstandthematerial."

-"__________seemstobeaproblemwiththeinternetconnection."

-"__________wasagreatdecisiontostarttheprojectearly."

18.Havestudentsworkindividuallyandthensharetheiranswerswiththeclass.

19.Correctanymistakesandexplainthereasonsbehindthecorrectusage.

**活动六：案例分析**

20."Tofurtherenhanceyourunderstanding,let'slookatsomecasestudiesfromthetext.We'llanalyzesentencesthatuse'it'indifferentcontexts."

21.Providesentencesfromthetextbookandaskstudentstoidentifywhether"it"isaformalsubjectorobjectandwhy.

22.Discusseachsentenceasagroup,encouragingstudentstodefendtheirchoices.

**活动七：总结与反思**

23."Nowthatwe'vecoveredquiteabittoday,let'stakeamomenttosummarizewhatwe'velearned.Cansomeonetellusthedifferentrolesof'it'inasentence?"

24.Facilitateaclasssummarywherestudentshighlightthekeypoints.

25."Reflectonthis:Howdoyouthinkthecorrectuseof'it'canimproveyourEnglishwritingandspeaking?"

26.Givestudentsafewminutestothinkaboutthisquestionandsharetheirthoughtswithapartner.

**活动八：作业布置**

27."Forhomework,Iwouldlikeyoutowriteashortparagraphusingatleastthreedifferentsentenceswhere'it'isusedasaformalsubjectorobject.Remembertoincludeavarietyofcontextstodemonstrateyourunderstanding."

28.Reviewtheexpectationsandensurestudentsunderstandthetask.

29."Remember,themoreyoupractice,thebetteryou'llgetatidentifyingandusing'it'correctly.Keepupthegoodwork,everyone!"

30.Concludethelessonbythankingstudentsfortheirparticipationandremindingthemofthenextclasssession'sagenda.六、知识点梳理1.**"It"的用法概述**

-"It"作为形式主语：在句子中，当真正的主语是抽象名词、不定式、从句等难以直接放在句首时，使用"it"作为形式主语，将真正的主语后置。

-"It"作为形式宾语：当不定式、从句等复杂成分充当宾语时，为了避免句子结构不完整，使用"it"作为形式宾语，将真正宾语后置。

2.**"It"作为形式主语的例子**

-"Itisimportanttostudyhard."

-"Itisnecessaryforustofinishourhomeworkontime."

3.**"It"作为形式宾语的例子**

-"Ithinkitisagoodidea."

-"Shedoesn'tlikeitwhenthelightsareoff."

4.**"It"的语境用法**

-"Itseemsthatheistired."（看起来他累了。）

-"Itisabeautifulday."（今天是个美好的日子。）

5.**"It"的替代用法**

-当"it"指代前面提到的名词或代词时，可以用"it"来替代，避免重复。

-"Isawthebookonthetable.Itismine."（我看到了桌子上的书。它是我的。）

6.**"It"的否定句和疑问句**

-"Itisnotimportanttofollowtherules."（遵循规则并不是很重要。）

-"Isitimportanttostudyhard?"（努力学习重要吗？）

7.**"It"在复合句中的用法**

-"Itwassurprisingtoseehowwellheperformed."（看到他表现得那么好，让人感到惊讶。）

-"Thechallengewastocompletetheprojectontime."（挑战在于按时完成项目。）

8.**"It"的时态和语态**

-"Itwasimportanttofollowtherules."（当时遵循规则是很重要的。）

-"Itisimportanttofollowtherules."（现在遵循规则是很重要的。）

-"Ithasbeenimportanttofollowtherules."（一直遵循规则是很重要的。）

9.**"It"的语法结构**

-"It"+动词不定式：Itis+adj.+todosth.（It+是+形容词+做某事）

-"It"+动词不定式：It+be+adj.+todosth.（It+be+形容词+做某事）

-"It"+动词-ing：It+be+adj.+doingsth.（It+be+形容词+正在doingsth.）

10.**"It"的注意事项**

-"It"不能指代人。

-"It"不能指代具体事物。

-"It"不能指代抽象概念。

-"It"不能指代时间、地点等。七、课后作业1.**句子改写**

-原句："Hesaidthatitwasdifficulttounderstand."

-改写：__________wasdifficulttounderstand.

**答案：It**

2.**填空题**

-"It________importanttofinishtheprojectontime."

-"Ithink________isagoodidea."

**答案：is；it**

3.**选择正确答案**

-"Shedoesn'tlike________whenthelightsareoff."

A.itB.themC.thisD.that

-"It________seemthatthemeetingwillbepostponed."

**答案：A；seems**

4.**完形填空**

-"It________importantforustolearnfromourmistakes."

A.isB.wasC.wereD.be

**答案：A**

5.**句子翻译**

-"Itseemsthatheistired."

-"Itisnecessaryforustofollowtherules."

**答案：他看起来很累。；我们需要遵守规则是必要的。**

6.**写作练习**

-Writeashortparagraphusingatleastthreedifferentsentenceswhere"it"isusedasaformalsubjectorobject.

**答案示例：**

-ItisessentialtopracticeEnglishdaily.Ithelpsimproveourlanguageskillsandexpandsourvocabulary.Itisalsoimportanttoreadwidely,asitexposesustodifferentwritingstylesandperspectives.

7.**语法应用**

-Correctthefollowingsentencestouse"it"correctly.

-"Tobehealthy,isimportanttoeatabalanceddiet."

-"Shedoesn'tlikewhenthelightsareoff."

**答案：Itisimportanttoeatabalanceddiet.；Shedoesn'tlikeitwhenthelightsareoff."

8.**案例分析**

-Analyzethefollowingsentenceandexplainhow"it"isused.

-"Itwassurprisingtoseehowwellheperformed."

**答案：Inthissentence,'it'isusedasaformalsubject.Thetruesubjectis'toseehowwellheperformed,'whichistoolongandcomplextobeplacedatthebeginningofthesentence.Therefore,'it'isusedtomakethesentencegrammaticallycorrect."

9.**句子结构分析**

-Identifytheroleof"it"inthefollowingsentence.

-"Itisnecessaryforustocompletetheprojectontime."

**答案：Inthissentence,'it'isusedasaformalsubject.Thetruesubjectis'forustocompletetheprojectontime,'whichistoolongandcomplextobeplacedatthebeginningofthesentence.Therefore,'it'isusedtomakethesentencegrammaticallycorrect."

10.**语法练习**

-Completethefollowingsentencesusingthecorrectformof"it."

-"__________isimportanttostudyhard."

-"Ithink________isagoodidea."

**答案：It；it**八、教学反思与总结Ah,class,aswewrapupthislessonontheusageof"it,"Ifindmyselfreflectingonthejourneywe'vetakentogether.Let'sstartwiththeteachingreflection.

Firstoff,I'vebeenquitepleasedwiththeengagementofthestudentsthroughoutthelesson.Therole-playactivity,inparticular,seemedtosparkalotofinterestandparticipation.Inoticedthatwhenstudentswereactivelyinvolvedincreatingscenariosandactingthemout,theyseemedtograsptheconceptof"it"asaformalsubjectorobjectmuchmorereadily.Thistellsmethathands-on,interactivemethodslikerole-playsarequiteeffectiveinthiscontext.

However,Ialsoencounteredachallenge.Somestudentsstruggledwithidentifyingwhen"it"shouldbeusedasaformalsubjectversuswhenitshouldbeaformalobject.ThissuggeststhatIneedtoprovidemoreexplicitinstructionandpracticeonthisdistinction.PerhapsIcancreatemoretargetedexercisesorusevisualstohelpclarifythesesubtleties.

Now,let'smoveontotheteachingsummary.Thestudentshaveshowngoodprogressinunderstandingthedifferentrolesof"it"inasentence.Theywereabletocorrectlyidentifyanduse"it"invarioussentencestructures,whichisasignificantstepforwardintheirgrammarskills.Theirabilitytoanalyzeandcorrectsentenceswith"it"wasalsoimpressive,indicatingthattheyarestartingtointernalizetherules.

Intermsofemotionalattitude,I'veseenapositivechange.Theclassseemedtoenjoytheinteractivenatureofthelesson,andthishashadapositiveimpactontheiroverallengagement.Theyseemedmoreconfidentintheirabilitytouse"it"correctly,whichisalwayshearteningtosee.

Lookingback,Ithinkthelessonflowedwell,butthereareareasthatcouldbeimproved.Forinstance,Ineedtoensurethattheexplanationsfortheusageof"it"areclearerandmoreconcise.Sometimes,theexamplesIprovidedcouldhavebeenmorevariedtocatertodifferentlearningstyles.

Toaddressthesepoints,Iplantoincorporatemorevariedexamplesandperhapsusedifferenttypesofvisualstohelpillustratethedifferentusesof"it".Additionally,Imightconsiderassigningmorefocusedpracticeexercisesthatspecificallytargetthedistinctionbetweenformalsubjectsandobjects.

Inconclusion,today'slessonon"it"hasbeenasuccessfulone,withbothchallengesandrewards.Thestudentshavemadegoodstridesintheirunderstandingofthiscomplexgrammarpoint,andI'mproudoftheirprogress.AsImoveforward,I'lltakethelessonslearnedfromtoday'sclasstoinformmyteachingpractices,aimingtomakeeachlessonmoreeffectiveandengagingforallmystudents.Here'stothenextadventureinourgrammarjourney!📚✨课堂小结，当堂检测Alright,class,let'swrapupourlessonontheusageof"it"withaquickrecapandsomein-classassessment.

**课堂小结：**

1.**"It"作为形式主语**：我们学习了当真正的主语是抽象名词、不定式或从句时，如何使用"it"作为形式主语。例如："Itisimportanttostudyhard."

2.**"It"作为形式宾语**：我们还了解了在复杂句子中，如何使用"it"作为形式宾语，将真正宾语后置。例如："Ithinkitisagoodidea."

3.**"It"的语境用法**：我们通过例句学习了"it"在不同语境中的用法，如："Itseemsthatheistired."

4.**"It"的替代用法**：我们了解了"it"可以用来替代前面提到的名词或代词，避免重复。例如："Isawthebookonthetable.Itismine."

5.**"It"的否定句和疑问句**：我们学习了如何构造"it"的否定句和疑问句。例如："Itisnotimportanttofollowtherules."和"Isitimportanttostudyhard?"

**当堂检测：**

1.**填空题**："It________importanttofinishtheprojectontime."

-A.isB.wasC.wereD.be

**答案：A**

2.**选择题**："Shedoesn'tlike________whenthelightsareoff."

A.itB.themC.thisD.that

**答案：A**

3.**改写句子**：原句："Hesaidthatitwasdifficulttounderstand."

改写：__________wasdifficulttounderstand.

**答案：It**

4.**翻译练习**："Itseemsthatheistired."

**答案：他看起来很累。"

5.**句子结构分析**：Identifytheroleof"it"inthefollowingsentence.

-"Itwassurprisingtoseehowwellheperformed."

**答案：Inthissentence,'it'isusedasaformalsubject.Thetruesubjectis'toseehowwellheperformed,'whichistoolo