陕西省西安市长安区2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷（含答案）

陕西省西安市长安区2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六七总分评分一、听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inahotel. B．Inadorm. C．Onatrain.2．Whathasthewomanbeendoingduringherholiday?A．Traveling. B．Exercising. C．Working.3．Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．Reschedulethemeeting.B．Cancelthemeeting.C．Skipthemeeting.4．Howisthewomangoingtoschool?A．Bycar. B．Onfoot. C．Bybike.5．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Shewon'tseetheopera.B．Shefailedtogetthetickets.C．SheenjoyedanoperalastSaturday.二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面一段对话，回答问题。6．Howlonghasthewomanworkedforthecompany?A．Aboutoneyear. B．Abouthalfayear. C．Aboutthreemonths.7．Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthemostrewardingthing?A．Havingherowntime.B．Learningaboutanotherculture.C．Findingwaystosolvedifficultproblems.听下面一段对话，回答问题。8．Whatseemstobethewoman'sproblem?A．Hercarbrokedown.B．Shedidn'tfeelwell.C．Herwalletwasmissing.9．Whereisthewomangoingnow?A．Herhome. B．Thegarage. C．Thehospital.10．Howmuchmoneydoesthewomanwanttoborrow?A．$10. B．$15. C．$25.听下面一段对话，回答问题。11．Whydoesn'tthewomanliketostudyinthelibrary?A．It'stooquiet. B．It'srathercrowded. C．It'sabitnoisy.12．Whydoesthewomancomehere?A．Toreadmagazines.B．Tomeetwiththeman.C．TogetbooksaboutFrench.13．Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A．Gethelpfromthelibrarian.B．Writeamonthlyreport.C．Handinapaper.听下面一段对话，回答问题。14．Whatdayisittoday?A．Thursday. B．Friday. C．Saturday.15．Whatdoesthemanthinkofhistorymuseums?A．Boring. B．Interesting. C．Relaxing.16．Wherewillthespeakersgo?A．Theartmuseum.B．Thesciencemuseum.C．Thechildren'smuseum.17．Howwillthespeakersgotothemuseum?A．Onfoot. B．Bybus. C．Bycar.听下面一段独白，回答问题。18．Whatclothesareonlysixdollars?A．Sweaters. B．T-shirts. C．Wintercoats.19．Howmanypairsofsockscanonegetwith$2?A．Two. B．Six. C．Eight.20．Whatcanwelearnaboutthesale?A．Itwillgiveout20gifts.B．ItwilllastuntilSunday.C．Itbeganamonthago.三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解GreatPlacestoSpendNewYear'sEveThesedestinationsaroundtheworldhaveagoodreputationfortraditionallyspendingagreatNewYear'sEve.DubaiThefamousarchitectureBurjKhalifaholdstherecordforitstopheightworldwideandpeoplegatheratthefootstepstowelcomeanewyearwithanamazingfireworksshow.Nottoofaraway,BurjPlazaisalittlequieterandpopularwithfamilies.Dubaiisbuildingareputationasamajorfooddestination,soyoumaywishtoenjoyinrestaurants.Andifyouhaveshoppinginmind,checkoutDubaiMall,oneoftheworld'slargest.RiodeJaneiroThecitizensofRiodeJaneiroknowhowtothrowagoodcelebration.ThemaingatheringatCopacabanaBeach,whichstartsevenbeforedark,traditionallyfeaturesavarietyofmusicalactsandfireworks.IfyouwanttopartyinclassicRiostyle,payavisittoJobiBar,asocialcustominthecity.Lookingforagreatview?HangouttotheVistaChinesa,asmallChinesestyletowersittingtoprovideafantasticbirdview.BangkokBangkokoftentopsthelistsofAsia'sbestnightlifecities.CatchanamazingfireworksshowatICONSIAM,amajorshoppingandentertainmentdestinationalongtheChaoPhrayaRiver.YoumaywanttocontinuethecelebrationatoneofBangkok'sattractivebarssuchasSkyBeachBangkok,thecity'shighestbar.Ifyouwanttoescapefromcrowds,brightlightsandnoise,getsomecalmingdowntimeatatemple,WatPho.CapeTownCapeTownisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinAfrica.NewYear'sEvefireworksmakeitmorewonderful.Ifyou'reinthemoodforaparty,AztecthemedAlcazarwillfeature10hoursofperformancesonthreestages.Ifyou'relookingforaplacetodine,considerPier,featuringavegetarianmenu.It'sontheVictoria&AlfredWaterfront,whichisagreatspottocatchthefireworks.21．WhatisspecialaboutBurjKhalifainDubai?A．Itisthehighestbuildingintheworld.B．Itisfamousforwonderfulrestaurants.C．Ithasfantasticmusicalperformances.D．Itisabest-knownplaceforshopping.22．Wherecanyougoifyouaretiredofnoise?A．DubaiMall,Dubai. B．CopacabanaBeach,RiodeJaneiro.C．WatPho,Bangkok, D．Alcazar,CapeTown.23．WhatactivitydothefourcitiespreparefortheircitizensonNewYear'sEve?A．Havingavegetariandiet. B．Enjoyingwaterfrontactivities.C．VisitingChinesestylebuildings. D．Watchingamazingfireworksshows.阅读理解Apotatofarmer,CliffYoungtookpartinaSydneytoMelbourneultramarathon(超级马拉松)racein1983.Coachedbyhismotherwhowas81atthetime,CliffYoungstartedthemarathonwithworkshoesandworkclothes.Competingagainstworld-classmarathonrunnerswhowerebackedupbybigsportscompaniesandspenthundredsofhourspreparingfortherace,CliffYoung'strainingmethodwasjustrunningafterhissheep.Hetoldtheorganizershecouldrunafterhissheepforafewdaysandthathecouldsurelycompetewithotherrunners.Theultramarathongenerallytook5daystocompeteandthispotatofarmer'sdecisionseemedsuicidal.Infact,sometriedtostophimfromrunningthesuper-difficultracebecausetheythoughtCliffYoungcoulddiebecauseoftheheatandfatigue(疲劳).Afterall,hewas61yearsold!Tocutthestoryshort,CliffYoungmanagedtofinishtherace.Whiletheyoungracersslept,hecontinuedtoracethroughoutthenight.Theyoungathleteslefthimfarbehinduntiltheverylastnightwherehefinallyledthemarathon.NotonlydidCliffYoung,a61-year-oldpotatofarmer,survivetherace,butheevenmanagedtowinthemarathonandactuallybroketheracerecordby9hours!Heevengaveawayhisprizemoneytotherestoftherunnersafterhim.Afterthewin,hecontinuedtoruninmanyultramarathonracesandevensetstandardsintheworldofenduranceracing.Hisrunningstyle,named"TheYoungShuffle"isafamousrunningtechniqueusedbymanyrunnersintheworldtoday.CliffYoungshowedthatbeingoldisnotaproblem,andbeingachampiondoesn'tmeanyouneedtohavesuper-humanstrength,justsuper-humanwill!24．WhatcanwesayaboutCliffYoung'straining?A．Itwasveryinformal. B．Itwaswellscheduled.C．Itwasdifficultforhim. D．Itwassuitableforeveryone.25．Whatmighttheunderlinedword"suicidal"inParagraph3mean?A．Quitesimple. B．Highlyrisky.C．Reallysurprising. D．Extremelyreasonable.26．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCliffYoung?A．Self-confidentandfar-sighted. B．Animal-lovingandeasy-going.C．Strong-mindedandbig-hearted. D．Open-mindedandhard-working.27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Amarathonraceheld37yearsago.B．Atruestoryofanamazingsportsman.C．Thedevelopmentof"TheYoungShuffle".D．Anoldchampion'sadvicetoyoungrunners阅读理解Iknowwhatyou'rethinking:pizza?Forbreakfast?Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnight'sleftoversinthea.m.ifyouwantto.Iknowlotsofwomenwhoskipbreakfast,andtheyhaveatonofdifferentexcusesfordoingit.Somesaytheydon'thavetime,othersthinkthey're"saving"calories,stillothersjustdon'tlikebreakfastfood.Butthebottomlineisthateatinginthemorningisveryimportantwhenyou'retryingtoloseweight."Eatingjustaboutanythingfrom300to400calorieswouldbebetterthannothingatall,"saysKatherineBrooking,R.D.,whodevelopedthesuper­easyeatingplanforthisyear's"SELFCHALLENGE".Andevenpizzacanbehealthyifit'sloadedwithvegetables,andyousticktoonesmallpiece.BreakfastisonemealInevermiss,andthesamegoesformostweightlosssuccessstories.Researchshowsthateatingbreakfastkeepsyoufromovereatinglaterintheday.ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniafoundthatbreakfastskippershaveabiggerchanceofgainingweightthanthosewhoregularlyhaveamorningmeal.Soeatsomethinginthemorning,anything.Iknowplentyoffriendswhoenduphavingnobreakfastaltogether,andhavejustcoffeeororangejuice.Isay,tryheatinguplastnight'sleftovers—itmaysoundcrazy,butifitworksforyou,doit!IfindifItellmyself,"Youcanalwayseatittomorrow,"Iputawaytheleftoversinsteadofeatingmorethatnight.Tryit…youmaysaveyourselfsomepre­bedtimecalories.Andwatchyourbodygainthefat­burningeffects.28．Theword"leftovers"inParagraph1probablymeans______.A．foodremainingafterameal B．thingsleftundoneC．mealsmadeofvegetables D．pizzatoppedwithfruit29．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Workingwomenusuallyhavebreakfastinahurry.B．Manypeoplehavewrongideasaboutbreakfast.C．Therearesomeeasywaysofcookingameal.D．Eatingvegetableshelpssaveenergy.30．Accordingtothelastparagraph,itisimportantto______.A．eatsomethingforbreakfast B．becarefulaboutwhatyoueatC．heatupfoodbeforeeatingit D．eatcalorie­controlledfood31．Thetextiswrittenmainlyforthose______.A．whogotoworkearly B．whowanttoloseweightC．whostayuplate D．whoeatbeforesleep阅读理解Inmanyplaces,amoonlessnightskyisnolongertotallyblack.Artificiallightingcangivethenightalastinglight.Thisso-calledlightpollutioncanaffectanimals.Evenmoderatelightpollution,anewstudyfinds,canroughlydoublehowlongahousesparrowinfectedwithWestNileVirus(WNV)remainsathighriskofspreadingdisease.Ifbittenbyamosquito,thatviruscannowspreadtootheranimals,includingpeople."IntheUnitedStates,housesparrowsareaboutaswidespreadasartificiallighting.Sotheymadeausefultestspeciesinanewfirst-of-its-kindstudy,"saysMeredithKernbach.HerteamusedthesebirdstotestwhetherlightatnightmightaffectthespreadoftheWestNileVirus.Kernbachbasedmuchofherlabtestonreal-worldconditions.Inthestudy,somehousesparrowsinthelabspentthenightinanareathatwasdimly(昏暗地)lit.ThesebirdswereslowerinfightingoffWestNileVirusinfectionsthanthosethatspentthenightinfulldarkness.WNVneedsamosquitotospreadfrombirdtobird,orfrombirdtohuman.Ifamosquitodoesn'tpickupenoughvirusesfromthebloodofaninfectedanimal,itsnewvictimmightbeabletoavoidgettingsick.Housesparrowskeptunderadimnightlighttypicallyhadenoughvirusesintheirbloodtobeasourceofvirusforatleastfourdays,Kernbachreports.Housesparrowsinfulldarknesshadenoughvirusestospreadthediseaseonlyfortwodays.Whatlightdoestothebirdsisonlypartofthestory,pointsoutDavideDominon,aphysiologistattheNetherlandsInstituteofEcologyinWageningen."Researcherswillneedtolookforeffectsonthevirusitself,"hesays."And,ofcourse,onthemosquitoes."32．Whyarehousesparrowschosenasthetestspecies?A．Theyaresensitivetolight. B．Theirdistributioniswide.C．Mosquitoeslikebitingthem. D．Theirimmunesystemisweak.33．Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudy?A．WestNileVirusbecomesstrongerunderlight.B．Darknesscanhelppeopleavoidgettingsick.C．It'sbetterforhousesparrowstoliveinthedark.D．Ittakeshousesparrowslongertokillthisvirusunderlight.34．WhatdoesDavideDominonsayaboutthestudy?A．Itneedsfurtherstudy. B．It'sveryuseful.C．Newvictimsareignored. D．Otherbirdsshouldbestudied.35．What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Artificiallightingcanaffecthousesparrowsˈreproduction.B．MosquitoescanspreadWNVfromanimalstohumans.C．LightpollutionlengthensthetimeofbirdsˈspreadingWNV.D．ThelightpollutionmayhelpWNVdevelopslower.四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoAppearOutgoinginaConversation?Somepeopleseemnaturallyoutgoingwhenchattingwithothers,whileothersfindithardtomakeit.Herearesometipstohelpyouappearoutgoinginaconversation.Makeeyecontact.Ifyou'reinasocialsituation,suchasataparty,trytomakeeyecontactwiththeotherpeoplethere.Onceyou'veestablishedeyecontact,givetheotherpersonafriendlysmile.36．Ifthepersondoesnotrespondordoesnotexpecttobeapproached,letthemgotheirway.Partofbeingoutgoingisknowingwhenandwheretoapproachothersandwhentokeeptoyourself.Asksomeopen-endedquestions.37．It'seasiertostartupachatwithsomeonenewifyouinvitethemtoshareaboutthemselves.Ifyou'vealreadyexchangedeyecontactandsmileswithsomeone,andyou'recloseby,startoffwithaquestion.Herearesomeideas:Howdoyoulikethatbookormagazine?Whatisyourfavoritethingtodoaroundhere?38．Youmightseesomeofthesamepeopleeveryday,butneveracknowledge(致意)them.Tobecomeoutgoing,itisimportanttostartacknowledgingthepeoplearoundyoumoreoften.Thenexttimeyouorderacoffeeorcheckoutatthegrocerystore,smileatthepersonhelpingyouandsay"thankyou"Thissmallactwillhelpyoubecomemorecomfortableinteractingwithothers.39．Talktoeveryone.Afteryoubecomeabitmorecomfortabletalkingtopeopleyouknow,trytalkingtonewpeopleasyougothroughyourday.40．Butthemoreyouapproachpeopleandgetcomfortablewithmakingconversation,theeasieritwillbecome.A.Saythankyouinpublicasmuchaspossible.B.Rememberthattheyservehundredsofpeopleaday.C.Ifthepersonsmilesbackatyou,thengoovertothem.D.Itwillprobablymaketheotherperson'sdayalittlebrighter.E.Atfirst,youmightfeeluncomfortabletalkingwithstrangers.F.Thesequestionsinviteotherstorespondwithmorethana"yes"or"no".G.Keepinmindthatthisapproachdoesn'talwaysworkwellinsomesituations.五、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneday,myunclebroughthomeaparrot.MycousinandIcalleditMitthu.Myfamilywereso41．stronglythattheytrimmed(剪掉)itswings.Theysaidifitlefthome,itwouldn't42．outsidewithoutus.Astimewentby,wegrewandsodidMitthu.Itswingsgrewquitealot.Mitthuwasn'tkeptinacage.Isometimeswonderedwhyitdidn't43．.Maybeitwasquiteattachedtousanddidn'twanttoleaveus,oritdidn'twanttoleavetheluxuriouslifeand44．theharshrealityoflife.AsIgrewolder,I45．thatMitthu'slifewasn'tverydifferentfrommine.Iwaspampered(溺爱)and46．carefully.Iwasprohibitedfromreally47．theoutsideworld.Myhousebecamemywholeworld,whichwaslikeaninvisible48．thathadboundmyspirit.NowI'msentouttostudyandtoldthatIhavethewholeskytofly,but49．,justasMitthu,Iamnotabletodoso.MitthuandImightbetwodifferentbeingsbutweare50．inasimilarsituation.Iamafraidofflying.Iamafraidmybehaviormighthurtmyparents'feelings.Theseemotionsand51．willneverreallyallowustoflyindependently!It'sgoodforparentstoloveand52．theirchildren,but,sometimes,over-protectivenessfromparentsmightharmtheirchildren'sfutureand53．children'sdecisions.True54．istoallowkidstogrowfreelyandletthemtry55．things.Thus,theywillbebrimmingwithconfidenceandcourage.41．A．primitive B．extensive C．aggressive D．possessive42．A．survive B．escape C．appear D．change43．A．comearound B．flyaway C．comeback D．takeshape44．A．ignore B．represent C．shift D．face45．A．realized B．expected C．dismissed D．convinced46．A．evaluated B．educated C．tended D．exposed47．A．keepingupwith B．comingdowntoC．breakingawayfrom D．gettingalongwith48．A．bunch B．cage C．light D．cave49．A．rarely B．gradually C．sadly D．violently50．A．trapped B．frozen C．hatched D．stored51．A．strength B．sympathy C．commitment D．attachment52．A．adopt B．ban C．protect D．entertain53．A．influence B．support C．forecast D．comprise54．A．harmony B．love C．freedom D．equality55．A．humble B．different C．unique D．intense六、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。December5thistheInternationalVolunteerDay.It56．(establish)bytheUNin1985.Ithastwoaims:first,tothankvolunteersaroundtheworldfor57．(give)theirtimetohelpothers;second,toencourageotherpeopletodovoluntarywork.Withoutvolunteers,manypeoplearoundtheworldwouldbemuch58．(bad)off.Infact,thewholeworldwouldbe59．darkerplace.Volunteershelpotherpeopleandhelpanimals,thecountryside,theenvironmentandmanymorethings60．areimportanttous.TheUNurgesgovernmentsaroundtheworld61．(take)measurestoheighten62．(aware)oftheimportantcontributionofvolunteering.Therearethousandsofvolunteerorganizationsaroundtheworld.Asearch63．theInternetwillgiveyouavolunteergrouponanythingoranyoneyouwanttohelp.Youdon'tneedtojoinaworldwidegrouptobeavolunteer.Mostvoluntaryworkthattakesplacearoundtheglobeisdoneby64．(individual)helpingtheirneighbors.Wehaveprobablyallgoneoutofourwaytohelpsomeonelessfortunate.Most65．(important),volunteeringmakesyoufeellikeausefulperson.So,onthisInternationalVolunteerDay,thinkabouthowyoucanhelp,andofferyourservices.七、书面表达(共两节，满分40分)66．假定你是李华。你的朋友Jamie自年初感染了新冠后，虽在渐渐恢复，但仍然时不时感到乏力疲劳。请你就"阳"后恢复期的注意事项给他写一封建议信，要点如下：

1.给予安慰；

2.恢复期建议；

3.表示祝愿。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJamie,I'msorrytohearthatyouarestillnotfeelingverywellafterbeinginfectedwithCOVID-19.……Yours,LiHu67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AfewdaysbeforeChristmas,whileenjoyingcoffees,myfriendandInoticedawomantryingtogetherbankcardtowork."Doyouknowher?"Iaskedmyfriend."Ido.Givemeaminute.I'mgoingtogoandseeifIcanhelp,"shereplied,standinguptowalkovertoher.Afewminuteslater,myfriendreturnedtothetablewiththewoman.Thewomanlookedupset.Hereyeswereswollen,asifshe'dbeencryingallnight.Shelookedpale,tired,andmessy.AfterIwasintroduced,myfriendaskedherifshewasokay.Sheadmittedshewasn'tandburstintotears.Icouldsenseshewasalittleembarrassedbyheremotionalresponse.Wantingtoputheratease,Iquicklytoldhernottoworry.IsharedthatIwasanewmomwithmanytroublesandI'dalreadycriedfourteentimesthatday.Shelaughedbutsoonhertearswereflowingagain.Forthenextforty-fiveminutes,myfriendandIbothsatandpatientlylistenedtoher.ShelostherhusbandbeforeChristmasandtheirbankaccountswerenowleftnothing.Asastay-at-homemomoftwo,inonesplitsecond,herentirelifehadcomecrashingdownaroundher.Wetriedourbesttocheerherup.Myfriendeventriedtogivehersomecash,whichsherefused.Whenshefinallygotuptoleave,shewipedhertears,thankedusbothforlistening,andwalkedout.AsIdrovehome,Icouldn'tstopthinkingabouthowdepressedshelookedwhensheleftthecafe.Noonedeservestofeelthatsad,Ithought,especiallyrightbeforeChristmas.TheremustbesomethingIcandotohelp.Irackedmybrain(绞尽脑汁)forananswer.注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已给出。Gladly,asolutioncame.……ThekidswereoverjoyedwhenhearingthatSanta(圣诞老人)sentthemgifts.

答案解析部分1．【答案】C2．【答案】B3．【答案】A4．【答案】C5．【答案】A【答案】6．A7．B【答案】8．A9．C10．B【答案】11．A12．C13．A【答案】14．B15．B16．A17．C【答案】18．A19．C20．B【答案】21．A22．C23．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个适合度过新年前夜的城市。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。21．考查细节理解。根据Dubai部分中的“ThefamousarchitectureBurjKhalifaholdstherecordforitstopheightworldwideandpeoplegatheratthefootstepstowelcomeanewyearwithanamazingfireworksshow.”著名建筑BurjKhalifa保持着世界最高高度的纪录，人们聚集在台阶前，用令人惊叹的烟花表演迎接新的一年。可知，BurjKhalifa的特别之处是其保持着全球最高建筑的纪录。故选A。22．考查细节理解。根据Bangkok部分中的“Ifyouwanttoescapefromcrowds,brightlightsandnoise,getsomecalmingdowntimeatatemple,WatPho.”如果你想逃离人群、明亮的灯光和噪音，那就去卧佛寺静下心来。可知，你厌倦了噪音，你可以去曼谷的卧佛寺。故选C。23．考查细节理解。根据Dubai部分中的“ThefamousarchitectureBurjKhalifaholdstherecordforitstopheightworldwideandpeoplegatheratthefootstepstowelcomeanewyearwithanamazingfireworksshow.”著名建筑BurjKhalifa保持着世界最高高度的纪录，人们聚集在台阶前，用令人惊叹的烟花表演迎接新的一年；RiodeJaneiro部分中的“ThemaingatheringatCopacabanaBeach,whichstartsevenbeforedark,traditionallyfeaturesavarietyofmusicalactsandfireworks.”CopacabanaBeach的主要集会甚至在天黑之前就开始了，传统上以各种音乐表演和烟花为特色；Bangkok部分中的“CatchanamazingfireworksshowatICONSIAM,amajorshoppingandentertainmentdestinationalongtheChaoPhrayaRiver.”ICONSIAM是湄南河沿岸的主要购物和娱乐目的地，可以欣赏到令人惊叹的烟花表演；以及CapeTown部分中的“NewYear'sEvefireworksmakeitmorewonderful.”新年前夜的烟花让它更加精彩。可知，这四个城市在新年前夜都有烟花表演。故选D。【答案】24．A25．B26．C27．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个令人惊叹的运动员——CliffYoung的故事。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。24．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Coachedbyhismotherwhowas81atthetime,CliffYoungstartedthemarathonwithworkshoesandworkclothes.”CliffYoung的母亲当时81岁，在她的指导下，他穿着工作鞋和工作服开始了马拉松比赛；以及第二段中的“CliffYoung'strainingmethodwasjustrunningafterhissheep.Hetoldtheorganizershecouldrunafterhissheepforafewdays”CliffYoung的训练方法就是追赶他的羊。他告诉组织者，他可以跟着他的羊跑几天。可知，CliffYoung的训练方式非常不正规。故选A。25．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Infact,sometriedtostophimfromrunningthesuper-difficultracebecausetheythoughtCliffYoungcoulddiebecauseoftheheatandfatigue(疲劳).”事实上，一些人试图阻止他参加这场超级困难的比赛，因为他们认为CliffYoung可能会因为高温和疲劳而死亡。可知，一些人认为CliffYoung会因为高温和疲劳而死亡。可推知，他们认为这个农夫的决定是高风险的，等同于自寻死路。即划线词意为“风险极高的”。故选B。26．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“NotonlydidCliffYoung,a61-year-oldpotatofarmer,survivetherace,butheevenmanagedtowinthemarathonandactuallybroketheracerecordby9hours!Heevengaveawayhisprizemoneytotherestoftherunnersafterhim.”61岁的马铃薯种植者CliffYoung不仅在比赛中幸存下来，甚至还赢得了马拉松比赛，并以9小时的成绩打破了比赛记录！他甚至把奖金给了后面的其他选手。可知，CliffYoung经过自己的努力终于以61岁的高龄赢得马拉松比赛，这说明了他意志坚定；把获得的奖金给其他选手，说明了他心胸宽广。故选C。27．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Apotatofarmer,CliffYoungtookpartinaSydneytoMelbourneultramarathon(超级马拉松)racein1983.Coachedbyhismotherwhowas81atthetime,CliffYoungstartedthemarathonwithworkshoesandworkclothes.”CliffYoung是一位土豆种植户，1983年参加了悉尼至墨尔本的超级马拉松比赛。CliffYoung的母亲当时81岁，在她的指导下，他穿着工作鞋和工作服开始了马拉松比赛；第四段中的“NotonlydidCliffYoung,a61-year-oldpotatofarmer,survivetherace,butheevenmanagedtowinthemarathonandactuallybroketheracerecordby9hours!Heevengaveawayhisprizemoneytotherestoftherunnersafterhim.”61岁的马铃薯种植者CliffYoung不仅在比赛中幸存下来，甚至还赢得了马拉松比赛，并以9小时的成绩打破了比赛记录！他甚至把奖金给了后面的其他选手；以及倒数第二段中的“Afterthewin,hecontinuedtoruninmanyultramarathonracesandevensetstandardsintheworldofenduranceracing.”获胜后，他继续参加许多超级马拉松比赛，甚至在耐力赛领域树立了标准。可知，本文主要讲述了一个令人惊叹的运动员——CliffYoung的真实故事。故选B。【答案】28．A29．B30．A31．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一些人对早餐有一些错误想法，认为不吃早餐能减肥。作者介绍了就减肥不吃早餐进行了解释说明，并提出的一些具体的建议。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。28．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“ifyouwantto”可知，如果你想，你可以吃昨天的剩饭，因此推断划线词leftover指的是foodremainingafterameal“饭后剩下的食物”。故选A。29．考查推理判断。根据第二段“Iknowlotsofwomenwhoskip（跳过）breakfast,andtheyhaveatonofdifferentexcusesfordoingit.Somesaytheydon'thavetime.Othersthinkthey're‘saving'calories,stillothersjustdon'tlikebreakfastfood.”我知道很多女人不吃知早餐，他们有很多不同的借口。有人说他们没有时间。其他人认为他们在“节省”卡路里，而另一些人则不喜欢早餐食物。可推断，许多人对于早餐有错误的看法。故选B。30．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Soeatsomethinginthemorning,anything”因此早上吃点东西，任何东西，以及下文的举例可知，早上吃些东西是很重要的，故选A。31．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniafoundthatbreakfastskippershaveabiggerchanceofgainingweightthanthosewhoregularlyhaveamorningmeal.”南加州大学的研究人员发现，不吃早餐的人比那些经常吃早餐的人更有可能发胖。以及全文内容可推断，本文是写给那些想减肥的人，故选B。【答案】32．B33．D34．A35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，实验证明光污染使得家麻雀传染西尼罗河病毒的时间变长了。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。32．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“‘IntheUnitedStates,housesparrowsareaboutaswidespreadasartificiallighting.Sotheymadeausefultestspeciesinanewfirst-of-its-kindstudy,'saysMeredithKernbach.”MeredithKernbach说：“在美国，家麻雀的分布和人工照明一样广泛。因此，在一项新的同类研究中，它们是一个有用的试验物种。”可知，家麻雀被选为测试物种是因为它们在美国的分布很广泛。故选B。33．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Inthestudy,somehousesparrowsinthelabspentthenightinanareathatwasdimly(昏暗地)lit.ThesebirdswereslowerinfightingoffWestNileVirusinfectionsthanthosethatspentthenightinfulldarkness.”在这项研究中，实验室里的一些麻雀在光线昏暗的地方过夜。这些麻雀抵抗西尼罗河病毒感染的速度比那些在完全黑暗中过夜的麻雀慢。可推知，在有光的环境中家麻雀要用更多的时间来杀死西尼罗河病毒。故选D。34．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Whatlightdoestothebirdsisonlypartofthestory,pointsoutDavideDominon,aphysiologistattheNether-landsInstituteofEcologyinWageningen.‘Researcherswillneedtolookforeffectsonthevirusitself,'hesays.”瓦赫宁根荷兰生态研究所的生理学家DavideDominon指出，光线对鸟类的影响只是故事的一部分。“研究人员将需要寻找对病毒本身的影响，”他说。可推知，DavideDominon认为光污染是否能延长家麻雀传播西尼罗河病毒的时间还需要进一步的研究。故选A。35．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Evenmoderatelightpollution,anewstudyfinds,canroughlydoublehowlongahousesparrowinfectedwithWestNileVirus(WNV)remainsathighriskofspreadingdisease.”一项新的研究发现，即使是中度的光污染，也能使感染了西尼罗河病毒的家雀保持高传播风险的时间延长一倍。可知，本文主要通过实验证明光污染使得家麻雀传染西尼罗河病毒的时间变长了。故选C。【答案】36．C；37．F；38．A；39．D；40．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了帮助你在谈话中显得外向的四种方法。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。36．根据空前"Onceyou'veestablishedeyecontact,givetheotherpersonafriendlysmile."一旦你们建立了眼神交流，给对方一个友好的微笑。提到了友好的微笑；以及空后"Ifthepersondoesnotrespondordoesnotexpecttobeapproached"如果这个人没有回应或不希望被接近。"C.Ifthepersonsmilesbackatyou,thengoovertothem."如果那个人对你微笑，那就走过去。"承上启下，符合语境。故选C。37．根据空前"Asksomeopen-endedquestions."问一些开放式的问题。提到了问问题，F.Thesequestionsinviteotherstorespondwithmorethana"yes"or"no"."这些问题要求别人的回答不仅仅是‘是'或‘不是'。"承接上文，符合语境。故选F。38．根据空后"Youmightseesomeofthesamepeopleeveryday,butneveracknowledge(致意)them."你可能每天都见到同样的一些人，但从不向他们致意；以及"Thenexttimeyouorderacoffeeorcheckoutatthegrocerystore,smileatthepersonhelpingyouandsay‘thankyou'."下次你点咖啡或在杂货店结账时，微笑着对帮助你的人说"谢谢"。提到了向周边的人致意和表达感谢，A.Saythankyouinpublicasmuchaspossible."尽可能在公共场合说谢谢。"概括下文内容，符合语境。故选A。39．根据空前"Thissmallactwillhelpyoubecomemorecomforta-bleinteractingwithothers."这个小小的举动将帮助你在与他人交往时变得更加自如。提到了向身边的人表达感谢的益处，D项中it是关键词，指代上文的Thissmallact，D.Itwillprobablymaketheotherperson'sdayalittlebrighter."这可能会让对方的一天变得更加光明。"承接上文，符合语境，故选D。40．根据空前"Afteryoubecomeabitmorecomfortabletalkingtopeopleyouknow,trytalkingtonewpeopleasyougothroughyourday."当你和你认识的人交谈变得更加自如之后，在你的一天中试着和新的人交谈。E.Atfirst,youmightfeeluncomfortabletalkingwithstrangers."一开始，你可能会觉得和陌生人说话不舒服。"承接上文，符合语境。故选E。【答案】41．D；42．A；43．B；44．D；45．A；46．C；47．D；48．B；49．C；50．A