福建省南平市政和县2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷（含答案）

福建省南平市政和县2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六七总分评分一、阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解Thoughmanypeoplethinkofsummerasatimetoslowdownandenjoyavacation,itcanalsobetheperfecttimetomakemoneyorgetexperience.Herearesomegoodsummerjobsforyou.Survey-takingSurvey-takingisawaytomakemoneyduringyoursummerholiday,especiallyifyouliveinanareathatdoesn'thavemanychances.Withacomputerorsmartphone,youcansitonyoursofaandsearchforsurveysitessuchasSurveysOnTheGo,InboxDollarsorSwagbucks.Withoutmucheffort,youcanstartmakingmoneyforyouropinions.However,theeaseofusecomeswithalowearningpotential.FoodDelivery.Ifyouenjoydriving,youcanuseyourcartodeliverfood.YoucansignuptodeliverfoodfromrestaurantswithservicessuchasUberEats,DoorDashandGrubhub.AnotherchoiceisdeliveringdailyusedgoodswithservicessuchasPostmates,ShiptandInstacart.Theearningpotentialfordeliverycanbehigherthanforotherjobsbecausecustomersoftengivetips.Thedisadvantageisthatthesejobsrequireyoutoputinmoretime.PhotoApplicationsIfyougotothemall,youcanuseanappsuchasFieldAgentorGigwalktomakemoneybytakingpicturesofproductsinstores.Seeanyhelp-wantedsignsinthestorewindows?Takeapictureandgetpaidforeachoneyoufind.HouseSittingandPetCareSummerisatimewhenpeopletakevacationsandmayneedsomeonetolookaftertheirhomesorpets.ServicessuchasHouseSitterandMindMyHouseconnecthomeownerswithproperhousesitters(看房人）。Foranimalloverswhowouldrathercareforsomeone'spetwhiletheyareaway,youcanturntoserviceslikeRover.1．WhatdoweknowaboutmakingmoneythroughSurvey-Taking?A．It'sinteresting. B．Ittakesmuchtime.C．Itrequireslittleeffort. D．Itrequiresspecialknowledge.2．WhyistheearningpotentialforFoodDeliveryhigherthanforotherjobs?A．Youworklongerhours. B．Youcangetsomeextrareward.C．Youneedtodriveyourowncar. D．Youdeliverfoodformanypeople.3．Whichappshouldyouuseifyouenjoylookingafteranimals?A．Rover. B．UberEats. C．HouseSitter. D．Swagbucks.阅读理解Atnoonthatday,Idrovebacktomyhouseaftertheperformance.JustasIenteredthelivingroom,Iheardagentlesoundcomingfromthebedroomupstairs—itwasthesoundofmyfavoriteviolin."Thief!"Idashedupstairs.Sureenough,asexpected,aboyofabout12yearsoldwaspettingmyviolin.Theboyhadmessyhairandathinface,hisoversizedcoatseeminglyfilledwithsomething.Atfirstglance,Ifoundanewpairofshoesmissing.Itseemedthathewassurelyathief.Then,Isawhiseyesfulloffearanddespair.Myangerwasimmediatelyreplacedbyasmile.Iasked,"AreyouMr.Ram'snephew,Michael?I'mhishousekeeper.Twodaysago,Iheardhisnephewlivinginthecountrysidewillcome.Itmustbeyou.You'rereallylikehim!"Hearingmywords,theboywasfirstastonished,butthenquicklysaid,"Hasmyunclegoneout?IthinkI'dbetterfirstgooutforawalkandvisithimagaininawhile."Inoddedandaskedtheboywhowaspreparingtoputdowntheviolin,"Doyouliketoplaytheviolinsomuch?""Yes,butI'msopoorthatIcan'taffordit,"theboyreplied."Then,Igivethisviolintoyou."Theboylookedatmequestioningly,buthepickeduptheviolin.Goingouttothelivingroom,hesuddenlysawonthewallmyhugecolorphotoIperformedintheSydneyOperaHouse.Hetrembled(颤抖)foramomentandranoutwithoutlookingback.Iwassurethattheboyhadunderstoodwhathappenedbecausenoonewoulddecoratethelivingroomwiththehousekeeper'sphoto.Afewyearslater,atamusiccompetitionofseniorhighschoolstudentsinMelbourne,Iwasinvitedtojudgethefinal.Finally,aviolinplayercalledMerrittwonthefirstprizewithhisstrength!Aftertheaward,Merrittrantomeholdingaviolinbox,excited,asked,"Mr.Brian,doyoustillknowme?Youhavegivenmeaviolin,whichIhavebeentreasuringuntiltoday!Today,Icangivebackthisviolintoyouwithoutregret…"Itturnedoutthathewas"Mr.Ram'snephewMichael"!Tearswelledupinmyeyes.4．Whydidtheauthoraddresstheboy"Mr.Ram'snephew,Michael"?A．BecauseMichaelistheboy'sname.B．BecausehemistooktheboyforMichael.C．Becausehewantedtoprotecttheboy'sself-respect.D．Becausehewouldliketomakefriendswiththeboy.5．Whoistheauthor?A．Thehousekeeper. B．Thehouseowner.C．Theboy'suncle. D．Theboy'steacher.6．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Kindanddevoted. B．Thoughtfulandgenerous.C．Humorousandselfless. D．Warm-heartedandenergetic.7．Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A．Musichasastrongpower.B．Beingkindcangetrewarded.C．Practicemakesagoodmusician.D．Smallkindnesscanmakeadifference.阅读理解Thetimetoformanewhabitdependsontheperson,thehabititself,theenvironment,andthemotivation.Generallyspeaking,60daysisgoodenoughforgettinganewhabitformed,butsomehabitscouldtaketwiceaslong.Somehabitswillneverbeformednomatterhowmuchtimepasses.Evenahabitthattakesmonthsoryearstoformcanstillbebrokeneventually.Becominganearlyriserwasreallychallenging.Istruggledwiththishabitforyearstomanagetoformit.Idobreakthishabitnowandthen,usuallybychoicetoexperiencesomethingdifferentforawhile.Inthepast90days,Ihavestayedinbedpast5amperhapsonlytwoorthreetimes.Ittakesmelessthanaweektobebackwithit.Rememberingthebenefitssurelyhelps.Inmy20sIwastooimpatientwithmanyhabits.IfIcouldn'tgetsomethingworkinginafewweeks,I'doftendropitandtrysomethingelse.NowthatI'minmylate40s,Ihavelearnedtothinkinamorepracticalway.Iknowthatevenifittakesmanymonthsoryearstoformanewhabit,Iamsurethehabitcouldbringadvantagesformanyyears.Itdoesn'ttakemetoolongtothinkofcarryingoutthenewhabit,Ijustgetitstarted.Whenyouthinkaboutahabitthatyouhavestucktoformanyyears,whocaresifittookafewweeksorsixmonthstoformit?Don'tworrysomuchabouthowlongittakestoformahabit.Instead,considerwhichhabitscouldimprovethequalityofyourlifesothattheyareworthyofsixmonthstogetthemformed.Whenahabitformsatlast,itfeelsuncomfortablenottodoit,andyourdaydoesn'tfeelcompletewithoutit.8．Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A．Wehavetokeepthehabitsonceformed.B．Mosthabitscanbeformedquickly.C．Weneedsixtydaystoformanewhabit.D．Thetimetoformhabitsvariesgreatly.9．Whydoesthewriterbreakthehabitofgettingupearlysometimes?A．Helikessleepinginbedforawhile.B．Hewantstotrysomethingdifferent.C．Hepreparesbreakfastforthefamily.D．Heisafraidtowakeuphisfamily.10．Whatdoesthewriterthinkmoreaboutthehabitwhenheisinhisforties?A．Thedevelopmentofthehabit. B．Theexpenseofthehabit.C．Thebenefitsofthehabit. D．Thelimitationofthehabit.11．Inwhichpartofamagazineisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Education. B．Technology. C．Tourism. D．Literature.阅读理解Scientistshavediscoveredhowplantsmanagetolivealongsideeachotherinplacesthataredarkandshady.Plantsinthedeepdarknessofathickforest,wherenaturalsuppliesarenotverygreatinamount,won'tattempttotoptheirneighborsingrowthasthoseinmoderate(中度的)shadedo.Indeepshadeconditions,itwouldbeawasteofenergyandharmfultosurvivalbecausegreenshootswouldneverbeabletotoptheirlargerneighborsingrowth.Sohowdoplantspreventsuchgrowthindeepshadeconditions?Thesecretliesintheclocksinsidethem,sayscientistsfromtheJohnInnesCentreandtheUniversityofBristol.Theyhavediscoveredthatwhenplantsnoticedeepshade,thischangestheexpressionofgenesincertainpartsofthecircadianclock(昼夜节律时钟)—theinternaldailytimerfoundinplantsandotherlivingthings.Theseclockcomponentsperformanadditionalroleinpreventingplantsfromlengtheningandovertoppingneighbors.Theworkidentifiesapreviouslyunknownroleofthecircadianclockincontrollingplantdevelopment,andthefindingsmayhavepossibleeffectsonbothnaturalplantpopulationsandcrops.ProfessorAntonyDoddoftheJohnInnesCentresaid,"Thebiologicalclockofplantsplaysabigpartintheirdevelopmentandfitness.Thisworkcastsnewlightonanewroleofthecircadianclockinadaptingplantstocompetitionwithotherplantsintheirenvironments.""Italsogivesusnewinsightsintohowplantsadapttoverydeepshade,whereresourcesareverylimited,"saidProfessorKerryFranklinattheUniversityofBristol.Thisworkprovidesevidenceforthestabilityofthecircadianclockinstressfulenvironments,andinformationthatmaybeusefulindevelopingnewgenerationsofcropsinachallengingclimate.12．Whatdoplantsnormallydoinmoderateshade?A．Struggletopreserveenergy. B．Competeforlimitedresources.C．Trytooutgrowtheirneighbors. D．Dependoneachothertosurvive.13．Howdoesthecircadianclockaffectplants?A．Bychangingtheirgeneexpression.B．Bymakingthemrealizelightchange.C．Byhelpingthemadapttothedarkness.D．Bycontrollingtheirgrowthindeepshade.14．Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A．Toshareanewdiscoveryaboutplants.B．Tointroducetheroleofthecircadianclock.C．Toexplainplants'secretoflivinginforests.D．Tocompareplantslivingincertainconditions.15．Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowplantsfaceachallengingclimateB．WhyplantsrespondtodifferentshadelevelsC．Whythecircadianclockisvitaltoplants'growthD．Howplantsbecomegoodneighborsindeepshade二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gratitudeisnotonlyanartindailylife,butalsopartofourtraditionalvirtue(美德).Hasyourmotherorfriendtoldyouthatyou'reanungratefulperson?Doyoufeelunabletoappreciatetheworldorpeoplearoundyou?Areyouobsessed(着迷)withthingsyoudon'thaveinsteadofbeingthankfulforwhatyoudohave?16．Ifso,thenyouwilldefinitelyneedtoworkonbeingamoregratefulperson.Theproposaltoshowgratitudehasbeenputforwardinthelastfewdecades.Althoughsuchencouragementismorallymeaningful,itseemsstilltobetooabstract.So,howcanyoumakegivingthankspartofyourdailyroutine?17．Stoppingplayingthevictimisthefirststepyou'resupposedtotake.18．Ifyouwanttobegrateful,stopcomplainingtotheworld,yourteachers,yourfriendsandyourfamilyaboutnotputtingthemselvesinyourshoes,andfocusonhowmuchthey'vehelpedandcaredaboutyou.Volunteeringinyourcommunityisanothereffectivewaytoshowhowgratefulyouareforwhattheworldhasgivenyou.Whetheryou'rehelpingcleanupalocalpark,workinginasoupkitchen,orteachingchildrenoradultsinyourcommunitytolearntoread,yourviewpointsonlifewillchangepositively.19．20．Youshouldn'talwaysbegoodonlytoyourclosefriendsorfamilymembers.Youcanhelpaneighborlookforalostdog.Youcanalsohelpanoldladycarryhergroceries.Youdon'thavetosearchfortheseopportunitiespurposefully.Sometimestheywillpresentthemselves.Sowhentheycome,actwithgenerosity.You'llbemoregratefulforyourroleplayedintheworld.A.Youarelikelytoworkhardtoavoidthesequestions.B.Youmayfindyourselfinvolvedinoneofthesesituations.C.Gradually,you'llbemoregratefulforthechancestorepaythesociety.DDoinganactofkindnessisalsoagreatwayofpracticinggratitude.E.Therearesometipsthathelpmakeitpossibleforyoutopracticegratitude.F.Ungratefulpeoplearealwaysblamingtheworldfortheproblemsandowingallthefaultstoothers.G.Whenyoureflectonyourthoughts,feelings,emotionsandactions,youareactuallyreflectingonyourvalues.三、完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Bellaarrivedattheparkinglotatabout12:00p.m.She21．intohercar,andbeganthe40-minute22．home.She'sjustworkedsomuchandfeltquite23．.Shealmostdroveonauto-pilot(自动驾驶仪).Afewminuteslater—wham!Outofnowhereatruck24．herbackward100feetontotherailroadtracks.Shesatinthecar,injuredbythehit.Asithappened,Peterwasgoingtobed25．heheardtheloudnoiseofmetalonmetaland26．glasscomingfromnotfar.Asavolunteerfirefighter,without27．Petergrabbedaflashlightandranout.Hecametothetruckthathad28．Bella's.OncePeterconcludedthedriverwasOK,he29．himselfandspottedBella'scartrappedontherailroadtracks.Justthenheheardanurgentbellsound:a30．wascoming!Peter31．toBellaandknockedatthewindow.Shejustlookedathim,hereyes32．.Peterthoughthehadtogetheroffrightnow.Hepulledthehandle33．,butthedoorwasdamagedandjammedshut.Peterrantothepassenger'ssideandthrewopenthedoor.HegrabbedBella'sarms,andpulledheruntilhecould34．heroutandbringherto35．behindasignalboxafewfeetaway.Withinsixseconds,thetraincrashedintoBella'scar!21．A．got B．looked C．fell D．came22．A．journey B．drive C．time D．distance23．A．relaxed B．happy C．sleepy D．bored24．A．attacked B．pulled C．pushed D．held25．A．while B．once C．when D．until26．A．terrible B．familiar C．distant D．broken27．A．delay B．warning C．experience D．permission28．A．beaten B．hit C．stopped D．fixed29．A．lookedaround B．searchedthroughC．leftalone D．soughtfor30．A．car B．policeman C．worker D．train31．A．attended B．rushed C．responded D．stuck32．A．unclear B．unhurt C．uncertain D．unfocused33．A．carefully B．exactly C．violently D．practically34．A．put B．help C．take D．send35．A．safety B．position C．station D．comfort四、根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）36．Thesoftware(able)youtoaccesstheInternetinseconds.37．CharlieChaplinwalkedin,(follow)byacrowdofphotographers.38．Thatwillgiveustimetosellit(别的地方)ifyouarenotinterested.39．The(major)ofstudentsintheclassareinterestedinPEclass.40．Now,let'smakean(appoint)at7:00pmnextSundayatthelibrarynearmyhome.五、根据句意完成句子，确保语句通顺，词汇、语法运用正确，每空一词。（共5小题；每空1分，满分10分）41．我如此专注于听音乐以至于没有意识到周围发生的事。IgetsomusicthatIamunawareofthingshappeningroundme.42．除了一个计时器，所有的仪器都关掉了。Everythingwasswitchedoffoneclock.43．该剧的最后一幕是如此感人，以至于整个观众都流下了眼泪。Thelastactoftheplaywassotouchingthatthewholeaudiencewas.44．孩子们盛装打扮参加宴会。Thechildrenandwenttoattendtheparty45．她捧了一大抱纸盒，盒子外面包着绿纸，还装饰有红色和银色的丝带。Shecarriedanarmloadofboxeswrappedwithgreenpaperandredandsilverribbons.六、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyaregrateful46．theyear'ssupplyoffood.InancientEgypt,theharvestfestivalwas47．(celebrate)duringthespringtime——theEgyptianharvestseason.It48．(feature)aparadeandagreatfeastwithmusic,dancing,andsports.Today,insomeEuropeancountries,peopledecoratechurchesandtownhallswithflowersandfruit,49．gettogethertocelebrateoverameal.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinChina,familiesgathertoadmirethe50．(shine)moonandenjoydeliciousmooncakes.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Atage5，LinQiaozhilosthermother,51．deathaffectedherdeeply.Soatage18，shechosetostudymedicinedespitecomplaintsfromherbrother.GraduatingfromPUMC,she52．(hire)asaresidentphysicianoftheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospitalandlaterthechiefresidentphysician.Severalyearslater,shewassenttostudyinEuropeandthentheUSwhereshewasinvitedtostaybyhercolleaguesbutsherejected53．(they)offer.ThenewPeople'sRepublicofChinasawDrLin54．(play)akeyrole."Asdoctors,weshouldberesponsibleforthepatientsandtreatthemasoursisters."shetoldnewstuffinherdepartment.ThoughLinQiaozhinevermarried,shewasrespected55．the"motheroftenthousandbabies",havingdeliveredover50,000babiesinherlifetime.七、写作（满分25分）19.联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）于1995年宣布每年的4月23日为"世界读书日（WorldBookDay）"。假设你是校学生会主席，请你写一篇演讲稿予以介绍，要点如下：1.简述"世界读书日"（发起时间及目的）；2.讲述读书的益处；3.呼吁多读书。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dearfellowstudents,【答案】Onepossibleversion:Dearfellowstudents,I'mhonoredtointroduceWorldBookDayhere.SetupbytheUNESCOin1995,itfallsonApril23rdeveryyear,aimedatencouragingpeopletoenjoythepleasureofreading.①Asweallknow,readingenrichesourmindandbroadensourvision,makingusmoreknowledgeable.Besides,ithelpscultivateourtasteandbringsusrelaxationandjoy.②AsFrancisBaconsaid,readingmakesafullman.Therefore,Icallonustoformthehabitofreadingmorebooks.Iamsurewewillbenefitalot.Thanksforyourlistening.【解析】【分析】【点评】【题型】书面表达【分值】2556．联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）于1995年宣布每年的4月23日为"世界读书日（WorldBookDay）"。假设你是校学生会主席，请你写一篇演讲稿予以介绍，要点如下：

1.简述"世界读书日"（发起时间及目的）；

2.讲述读书的益处；

3.呼吁多读书。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dearfellowstudents,

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几份暑假工作的基本信息。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据Survey-taking部分中的"Withoutmucheffort,youcanstartmakingmoneyforyouropinions."不需要太多努力，你就可以开始为自己的观点赚钱了。可知，Survey-taking不需要太多努力。故选C。2．考查细节理解。根据FoodDelivery部分中的"Theearningpotentialfordeliverycanbehigherthanforotherjobsbecausecustomersoftengivetips."因为顾客经常会给小费，所以送货的潜在收入要高于其他工作。可知，因为美食配送可以得到额外的报酬，所以收入比其他工作高。故选B。3．考查细节理解。根据HouseSittingandPetCare部分中的"Foranimalloverswhowouldrathercareforsomeone'spetwhiletheyareaway,youcanturntoserviceslikeRover."对于喜欢动物的人来说，他们更愿意在主人不在的时候帮忙照顾宠物，你可以求助于Rover这样的服务。可知，如果你喜欢照顾动物，你可以使用Rover软件。故选A。【答案】4．C5．B6．B7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个小男孩到作者家偷窃，作者为了保护他的自尊，谎称自己是管家，并送了一把小提琴给他。男孩发现作者是房主后飞快地带着小提琴逃跑了。很多年之后，在一个小提琴赛上，作者和这个男孩重逢，他用自己的实力获得了第一名。故事告诉我们一个道理：一个小小的善行会有大大的不同。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Theboyhadmessyhairandathinface,hisoversizedcoatseeminglyfilledwithsomething.Atfirstglance,Ifoundanewpairofshoesmissing.Itseemedthathewassurelyathief."这个男孩头发脏乱，瘦小的脸，他宽大的外套似乎装着东西。瞥一眼，我发现一双新鞋不见了。他确定是个小偷；以及第四段中的"I'mhishousekeeper.Twodaysago,Iheardhisnephewlivinginthecountrysidewillcome.Itmustbeyou.You'rereallylikehim!"我是他的管家。两天前，我听说他住在乡下的外甥要来。肯定就是你。你和他长的很像。可知，小男孩拿了家里的东西，被作者看见了，而作者谎称自己是管家，主动给小男孩台阶下。可推知，作者那样说是为了保护男孩的自尊心。故选C。5．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Atnoonthatday,Idrovebacktomyhouseaftertheperformance."那天中午，我在表演后开车回家；以及倒数第五段中的"Goingouttothelivingroom,hesuddenlysawonthewallmyhugecolorphotoIperformedintheSydneyOperaHouse."走到客厅，他突然看到墙上挂着我在悉尼歌剧院表演的巨大彩色照片。可知，客厅墙上挂着作者的照片，因此作者是房子的主人。故选B。6．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"I'mhishousekeeper.Twodaysago,Iheardhisnephewlivinginthecountrysidewillcome.Itmustbeyou.You'rereallylikehim!"我是他的管家。两天前，我听说他住在乡下的外甥要来。肯定就是你。你和他长的很像；以及倒数第五段中的"Then,Igivethisviolintoyou."那么，我把这把小提琴送给你。可知，作者明知道男孩是个小偷，但为了保护他的自尊谎称自己是管家，并送小提琴给他。可推知，作者是一个体贴别人，并且大方的人。故选B。7．考查推理判断。根据倒数三段中的"Finally,aviolinplayercalledMerrittwonthefirstprizewithhisstrength!"最终，一个名叫Merritt的人用自己的实力赢得了一等奖；以及倒数第二段"Aftertheaward,Merrittrantomeholdingaviolinbox,excited,asked,‘Mr.Brian,doyoustillknowme?Youhavegivenmeaviolin,whichIhavebeentreasuringuntiltoday!Today,Icangivebackthisviolintoyouwithoutregret…'Itturnedoutthathewas‘Mr.Ram'snephewMichael'!"颁奖之后，Merritt拿着一个小提请盒跑来找我，非常兴奋地问"布莱恩先生，您还记得我吗？你给过我一把小提琴，我一珍藏至今。今天我能毫无遗憾地把他归还给你"事实证明，他就是"Ram的外甥Michael"可知，本文讲述一个小男孩到作者家偷窃，作者为了保护他的自尊，谎称自己是管家，并送了一把小提琴给他。很多年之后，在一个小提琴赛上，作者和这个男孩重逢，他用自己的实力获得了第一名。可推知，文章向人们传达了一个道理——一个小小的善行会有大大的不同。故选D。【答案】8．D9．B10．C11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了养成一个新的好习惯所需要的时间取决于个人、习惯本身、环境和动机。不要太关注养成一种新习惯所需要的时间长短，而要关注养成这种习惯可能会带来的好处。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Thetimetoformanewhabitdependsontheperson,thehabititself,theenvironment,andthemotivation.”养成新习惯的时间取决于人、习惯本身、环境和动机。可知，养成不同习惯的时间差别很大。故选D。9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Idobreakthishabitnowandthen,usuallybychoicetoexperiencesomethingdifferentforawhile.”我确实偶尔会打破这个习惯，通常是选择去体验一段时间不同的东西。可知，作者偶尔打破早起的习惯，通常是为了体验一些不一样的事情。故选B。10．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“NowthatI’minmylate40s,Ihavelearnedtothinkinamorepracticalway.Iknowthatevenifittakesmanymonthsoryearstoformanewhabit,Iamsurethehabitcouldbringadvantagesformanyyears.”现在我快40岁了，我学会了用更实际的方式思考。我知道，即使它需要许多个月或几年来形成一个新习惯，我相信这个习惯可以带来许多年的好处。可知，作者认为这个习惯能带来很多好处，故选C。11．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Iknowthatevenifittakesmanymonthsoryearstoformanewhabit,Iamsurethehabitcouldbringadvantagesformanyyears.”我知道，即使它需要许多个月或几年来形成一个新习惯，我相信这个习惯可以带来许多年的好处。可知，文章围绕习惯展开介绍了影响一个新习惯养成的几点因素及养成好习惯可能带来的好处，应属于教育版块的范畴。故选A。【答案】12．C13．D14．A15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了约翰·英纳斯中心和布里斯托尔大学的科学家发现了植物是如何在黑暗和阴暗的地方共存的。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Plantsinthedeepdarknessofathickforest,wherenaturalsuppliesarenotverygreatinamount,won'tattempttotoptheirneighborsingrowthasthoseinmoderate(中度的)shadedo."植物生长在浓密森林的黑暗深处，那里的自然资源不是很多，不会试图超过它们的邻居，而那些在中等阴暗下的就会。可知，在中度阴暗的环境中，植物试图比其邻居植物长得高。故选C。13．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Sohowdoplantspreventsuchgrowthindeepshadeconditions?Thesecretliesintheclocksinsidesthem."那么，植物是如何在荫凉条件下防止这种生长的呢？秘密就藏在它们体内的时钟里；以及第三段中的"Theseclockpartsperformanadditionalroleinpreventingplantsfromlengtheningandovertoppingneighbors."这些时钟部件在防止植物拉长和覆盖邻近植物方面起着额外的作用。可知，在深度阴暗的环境中，昼夜节律时钟能够控制植物的生长。故选D。14．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Scientistshavediscoveredhowplantsmanagetolivealongsideeachotherinplacesthataredarkandshady."科学家们已经发现了植物是如何在黑暗和阴暗的地方相互共存的。可知，作者写本文的目的是介绍一个有关植物的新发现。故选A。15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Scientistshavediscoveredhowplantsmanagetolivealongsideeachotherinplacesthataredarkandshady."科学家们已经发现了植物是如何在黑暗和阴暗的地方相互共存的。可知，科学家发现了植物是如何在黑暗和阴暗的地方共存的，而这些黑暗和阴暗的地方都属于最后一段中提到的"紧张的环境"，"植物是如何在逆境中成为好邻居的"最能概括文章的主要内容，适合作标题。故选D。【答案】16．B；17．E；18．F；19．C；20．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些如何做一个感恩的人的方法和建议。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Hasyourmotherorfriendtoldyouthatyou'reanungratefulperson?Doyoufeelunabletoappreciatetheworldorpeoplearoundyou?Areyouobsessed(着迷)withthingsyoudon'thaveinsteadofbeingthankfulforwhatyoudohave?"你的母亲或朋友有没有告诉你你是一个不懂的感恩的人？你是否觉得无法欣赏周围的世界或人？你是否执着于你所没有的东西，而不去感激你所拥有的？提出了三种生活中常见的情况；以及空后"Ifso,thenyouwilldefinitelyneedtoworkonbeingamoregratefulperson."如果是这样，那么你肯定需要努力成为一个更感恩的人。B.Youmayfindyourselfinvolvedinoneofthesesituations."你也许发现你符合其中的一种情况"，承上启下，符合语境，故选B。17．根据空前"Althoughsuchencouragementismorallymeaningful,itseemsstilltobetooabstract.So,howcanyoumakegivingthankspartofyourdailyroutine?"虽然这样的鼓励在道德上是有意义的，但似乎还是太抽象了。那么，你怎么能让表达感恩成为你日常生活的一部分呢？可知接下来会给我们介绍感恩的方法，E.Therearesometipsthathelpmakeitpossibleforyoutopracticegratitude."有一些小贴士可以帮助你练习感恩"承接上文，符合语境，故选E。18．根据空前"Stoppingplayingthevictimisthefirststepyou'resupposedtotake."拒绝扮演受害者是你应该采取的第一步；以及空后"Ifyouwanttobegrateful,stopcomplainingtotheworld,yourteachers,yourfriendsandyourfamilyaboutnotputtingthemselvesinyourshoes,andfocusonhowmuchthey'vehelpedandcaredaboutyou."如果你想感恩，就不要向世界、你的老师、你的朋友和你的家人抱怨他们没有设身处地为你着想，而要关注他们对你的帮助和关心。F.Ungratefulpeoplearealwaysblamingtheworldfortheproblemsandowingallthefaultstoothers."不懂得感恩的人总是把问题归咎于世界，把所有的过错都归咎于别人"承上启下，符合语境，故选F。19．根据空前"Volunteeringinyourcommunityisanothereffectivewaytoshowhowgratefulyouareforwhattheworldhasgivenyou.Whetheryou'rehelpingcleanupalocalpark,workinginasoupkitchen,orteachingchildrenoradultsinyourcommunitytolearntoread,yourviewpointsonlifewillchangepositively."在你的社区里做志愿者是另一种有效的方式来表达你对世界给予你的一切的感激之情。无论你是在帮助清理当地的公园，在厨房里工作，还是教社区里的孩子或成年人学习阅读，你的人生观都会发生积极的变化。C.Gradually,you'llbemoregratefulforthechancestorepaythesociety."渐渐地，你会更加感激回报社会的机会"承接上文，表示上文行为的结果，也对应本段主题，通过做志愿者可以让你学会感恩，故选C。20．根据空后"Youcanhelpaneighborlookforalostdog.Youcanalsohelpanoldladycarryhergroceries.Youdon'thavetosearchfortheseopportunitiespurposefully.Sometimestheywillpresentthemselves."你可以帮邻居找一只丢失的狗。你也可以帮一位老太太搬运食品杂货。你不必刻意寻找这些机会。有时他们自己就会出现。可知，帮助别人并不是有目的寻找机会，帮助别人应该是做一些碰到的事情，能帮就要帮的事。DDoinganactofkindnessisalsoagreatwayofpracticinggratitude."做一个善举也是一个练习感恩的好方法"，能概括本段主题，符合语境，故选D。【答案】21．A；22．B；23．C；24．C；25．C；26．D；27．A；28．B；29．A；30．D；31．B；32．D；33．C；34．B；35．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了疲惫的贝拉下班后出了交通事故被困在位于铁轨上的汽车里，幸亏听到响声的彼得千钧一发救下了贝拉。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，状语从句，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：贝拉在中午12点左右到达了停车场。她上了车，开始了40分钟的回家路程。A.got"得到"；B.looked"看"；C.fell"掉落"；D.came"到达"。根据上文"Bellaarrivedattheparkinglot"可知，贝拉到停车场上车。getinto固定短语，"上（车，船）"，故选A。22．句意：贝拉在中午12点左右到达了停车场。她上了车，开始了40分钟的回家路程。A.journey"路程"；B.drive"车程"；C.time"时间"；D.distance"距离"。根据下文"Shealmostdroveonauto-pilot(自动驾驶仪)"，得知，贝拉开车40分钟回家。故选B。23．句意：她工作太辛苦了，觉得很困。A.relaxed"放松的"；B.happy"开心的"；C.sleepy"困倦的"；D.bored"无聊的"。根据空前"She'sjustworkedsomuch"，可知，贝拉刚才工作很辛苦，现在感到困倦。故选C。24．句意：不知从哪儿冒出来一辆卡车把她向后推了100英尺，撞到了铁轨上。A.attacked"袭击"；B.pulled"拽，拉"；C.pushed"推动"；D.held"举行"。根据空后"herbackward100feetontotherailroadtracks.Shesatinthecar,injuredbythehit."可知，卡车推着她向后，出了交通事故。故选C。25．句意：当彼得正要上床睡觉时，他听到不远处传来金属碰撞和玻璃破碎的巨响。A.while"尽管，然而"；B.once"一旦"；C.when"当时，这时"；D.until"直到"。根据空前"Peterwasgoingtobed"可知，彼得正打算睡觉，这时听到巨大响声。begoingtodo...when...，固定句式，"正打算做这时"，故选D。26．句意：当彼得正要上床睡觉时，他听到不远处传来金属碰撞和玻璃破碎的巨响。A.terrible"可怕的"；B.familiar"熟悉的"；C.distant"远处的"；D.broken"破坏的"。根据上文"Shesatinthecar,injuredbythehit."可知，卡车和轿车相撞车玻璃碎了。故选D。27．句意：作为一名志愿消防员，彼得毫不犹豫地抓起手电筒跑了出去。A.delay"耽误"；B.warning"警告"；C.experience"经历"；D.permission"允许"。根据空后"Petergrabbedaflashlightandranout."可知，彼得出于职业本能马上进行营救。故选A。28．句意：他来到撞到贝拉的卡车旁。A.beaten"打败"；B.hit"撞击"；C.stopped"停止"；D.fixed"固定"。根据上文"Shesatinthecar,injuredbythehit."可知，这是撞击。故选B。29．句意：当彼得断定司机没事后，他环顾四周，发现贝拉的车被困在铁轨上。A.lookedaround"环顾"；B.searchedthrough"搜寻"；C.leftalone"不管"；D.soughtfor"寻找"。根据空后"andspottedBella'scartrappedontherailroadtracks."，得知，彼得确认周围情况，是在环顾四周。故选A。30．句意：就在这时，他听到紧急铃响了:火车来了!。A.car"汽车"；B.policeman"警察"；C.worker"工人"；D.trai