WeleUnitDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件高中英语人教版

WelcomeUnitDiscoveringUsefulStructuresStep1Recognizelaugh miss was told foundtalked had exploreI all he teacher grandma afunnystorymyclassmatesandteachers myfirstmathclasspron.n.n.phrasev.PartofspeechThebasiccomponentsofasentence：构成句子的各个部分I

met

mybest

friend

Tom

atthestationyesterday.主语谓语定语宾语同位语状语主要成分主语和谓语次要成分表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语Step1Recognize不同的词类在句子中充当不同的成分Step1RecognizeS(subject)V(verb)O(object)P(predicative)A(adverbial)DO(directobject)IO(indirectobject)C(objectcomplement)Sentencecomponents宾语直接宾语间接宾语状语宾语补足语谓语表语主语SVOPAC(subject)主语:句子说明的人或事物；

(verb)谓语动词:说明主语的动作、状态和特征；

(object)宾语:动作的对象或承受者；DO(directobject)IO(indirectobject)(objectcomplement)宾语补足语：说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足，使句子的意义完整。(adverbial)状语：说明地点、时间、原因、目的、

结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等；(predicative)表语：连系动词后面的成分；

Step2Learn1234简单句并列句复合句并列复合句1234Step2Learn---the4typesofsentencestructuresSVSVASVPSVOSVOASVIODOSVOCTherebe...BasicsentencestructuresStep2LearnSV 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(1)Classbegins.(2)Theplanehaslanded.此类型的句子，谓语动词能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫不及物动词，其后不能直接带宾语。(1)Thebabyslept

peacefully.(2)Hisfatherhasgone

abroad.(3)Sheswims

likeafish.但有时为了表示发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、地点或时间等，可以有状语来修饰。SVO 主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语SVP主语+系动词+表语(1)DavidSmithisastudent.(2)

Hebecameascientist.(3)Dinnersmells

good.(4)Thecaketastes

sweet.此类型的句子，谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语性质或状态的表语，才能表达完整的意思。（五感五变三保持，一是一像永不忘）（1）五感：________________________________（2）五变：________________________________（3）三保持：________________________________（4）一是：________________________________（5）一像：_________be:am,is,are,was,were

become,

get,turn,grow,go

look,sound,smell,taste,feelremain,stay,keep

V-linkseemSVO主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(1)Helovedpoetry.(2)

Hespentfourweeksatasummercamp.此句型中谓语是及物动词，其后必须跟宾语才能使句意表达完整。一些不及物动词后面加介词相当于一个及物动词，之后可加宾语。(1)Youmustlistentome.(2)HearrivedinLondonyesterday.宾语结构例句Katehasapiano.Haveyoutoldthemanythingabouttheaccident?Ifyouadd

5to5,youget10.Wemayfindouttheunknownbycalculation.Idisliketravellingtoworkinaverycrowdedbuseveryday.Herefusedtoattendthemedicalconference.IwonderwhetherIshouldstayornot.Sheknowswhattodonext.名词代词数词名词化的形容词V-ing(短语)不定式(短语)从句特殊疑问词+不定式SVIODO主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(1)Ishowedhimmypictures.(2)IboughtJohnabirthdaypresent.(3)Hetoldmehisidea.(4)Shepassedheranewdress.此句型中谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整意思。两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。动词与“双宾语”givesb.sth./givesth.tosb.makesb.sth./makesth.forsb.常见的这类结构的动词有：give,send,bring,owe,take,offer,pass,lend,tell,return,promise,show,write,throw,hand,award,grant等常见的这类结构的动词有：make(制造),prepare,buy,order,do,fetch,pick,leave,build,post,get,draw,find,reserve,save等SVOC主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语(1)Hefoundthehomeworkeasy.(2)TheycalledtheirdaughterMary.(3)Iwishyoutobehappy.(4)Shewishedherselfhome.在某些及物动词的后面，需要用一个宾语再加一个宾补才能表达完整的意思。宾语补足语结构常见动词例句Iwillmakeyou

captain.Hisspeechleftthepresidentinaverydifferentposition.Mymotheraskedmetowashtheclothes.1.We

consider

him

(to

be)

a

good

teacher.2.Ifindthestory

veryinteresting.Wewatchedthechildren

playgames.名词介词短语todo(tobe)+n./adj.不带to的不定式advise,allow,ask,beg,encourage,cause,direct,expect,forbid,force,invite,order,permit,persuade,remind,require,tell,want…consider,

think,

believe,

discover,

find,

judge,

prove,

imagine,suppose…feel,have,hear,let,make,notice,observe,see,watch,listento,lookat…————(1)Hesawagirlinredgetonthebus.(2)Hesawagirlinredgettingonthebus.他看见一个穿红色衣服的女孩上车了。他看见一个穿红色衣服的女孩正在上车。感官动词等后面既可以接不带to的不定式作宾补，也可以用V-ing形式作宾补。前者表示动作已经结束，后者表示动作正在发生。TranslationTherebe结构(1)Thereis

apencilinmypencil-case.(2)Thereare

fifty-twostudentsinourclass.(3)Therewas

anoldhousebytheriverfiveyearsago.(4)There

is

a

pen,

two

rulers

in

the

box.(5)There

are

two

boys

and

a

teacherattheschool

gate.Therebe+主语表示某处有(存在)某人或某物该句型中，若只有一个主语，谓语的数要取决于该主语的数；若有几个主语并列，则通常是与最近的主语保持一致。即遵循就近一致原则。Readandunderlinetheirsentencecomponents.1.The100-year-oldschool

lies

inthecentreofthecity.

2.We

mustact.3.Themathshomework

looks

easy.4.Theteacher

found

theclassroom

empty.SSSSVVVVAPOOCStep3Exercise--Readthesentencesandanalysethestructures.5.Mymum

bought

me

anewdictionary.6.Tom

islookingforwardto

meetingthenewexchangestudent.

7.ThereisanEnglishCorner

atourschool.8.We

had

chemistry

inthenewlybuiltlab.SSSSVVVAAIOOODOStep3Exercise--Readthesentencesandanalysethestructures.Howwouldyouliketogotoschoolandtraveltheworldatthesametime?ForTim,thatdreamhascometrue!Thisterm,Timandhisclassmatesarelivingonaship!Theytakethesamesubjectsasyoudo,likemathsandEnglish.Theyalsolearnaboutshipsandthesea.Tomwriteshisparentsanemaileveryweekandtellsthemwhathappenedontheship.Timloveslivingontheship.There'salwayssomethingexcitingtodo.And,afteralongdayofstudy,helikestowatchthesungodownandwaitforthestarstocomeout.Studyinganddoinghomeworkseemmuchmorefunwhenyouareatsea!Step3Exercise--Readthepassagesandanalysethestructuresoftheunderlinedsentences.1.ForTim,thatdream

hascometrue!2.Thisterm,Timandhisclassmates

arelivingon

aship!3.Theyalsolearnabout

shipsandthesea.