2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练课件：话题5　饮食文化与健康饮食

话题5饮食文化与健康饮食主题群一生活与学习Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024·衡水中学第四次综合素养测评)Weald&DownlandLivingMuseumFunfactOver50historicbuildingsfromacrosstheWealdandDownlandareahavebeendismantled(拆除)andthenreconstructedacrossalovely40－acresiteintheSouthDownsnationalpark.Thecollectionofbuildingsrepresentsalmostathousandyearsofrurallifeinsouth－eastEngland：furnishedjustastheywouldhavebeeninthepast—completewiththehomes，farmsandpublicbuildings.There’sasenseofexploringarealvillageasyouwanderbetweenthemalonggreenpaths，stoppingtoclimbthestairsofa17th－centurycraftsman’s(工匠)cottagetolieonthestrawbedorshelteringfromashowerinasmoky，14th－centuryhall.GettingthereTheStagecoach60busservicefromChichestertoMidhurststopsjustfiveminutesawayatGroomsYard，Singleton.ThenearestrailwaystationsareChichester(2miles)andHaslemere(7miles).ThemuseumisonTownLaneinSingleton，reachedviatheA286fromChichestertoMidhurst.Parkingisfreeandtherearedisabledparkingspacesoppositethemuseumshop.Valueformoney?Yes.It’snotcheapbutit’saspecialexperiencethateasilyfillsaday.Plus，it’savaluablecauseworthsupporting.Adults￡14，children5－17andstudents￡6.50，under－4sfree，family￡38(twoadultsandtwochildren)or￡25(oneadultandthreechildren).OpeninghoursDaily10am－5pm(lastentry4pm).【语篇解读】

本文是应用文。文章介绍了Weald&Downland生活博物馆的相关信息。1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinWeald&DownlandLivingMuseum?A.Takeashowerinthehall.B.Stayovernightatacottage.C.Learnconstructiontechniques.D.Explorerurallifecenturiesago.解析

细节理解题。根据Funfact部分中“Thecollectionofbuildingsrepresentsalmostathousandyearsofrurallifeinsouth－eastEngland”可知，游客在Weald&Downland生活博物馆可以探索几个世纪前的乡村生活。√2.Howmuchwouldacouplewiththeir5－year－oldtwinsonspayforadmission?A.￡25. B.￡34.5.C.￡38. D.￡41.解析

细节理解题。根据Valueformoney？部分中“family￡38(twoadultsandtwochildren)”可知，一对夫妇和他们两个5岁的双胞胎儿子的门票是38英镑。√3.WhatdoweknowaboutWeald&DownlandLivingMuseum?A.Itchargesparkingfees.B.Ithasvariedopeninghours.C.Itisinconvenientlylocatedforbusriders.D.Itoffersthedisabledthoughtfulservice.解析

细节理解题。根据Gettingthere部分中“Parkingisfreeandtherearedisabledparkingspacesoppositethemuseumshop.”可知，Weald&Downland生活博物馆有专门的残疾人停车位，为残障人士提供了体贴的服务。√ResearchersatBen－GurionUniversityoftheNegevsaythatthepopulardietingstrategyofservingfoodonsmallerplatesdoesnotnecessarilytrickusintoeatingless.“Platesizedoesn’tmatterasmuchaswethinkitdoes，”saysDr.TzviGanel，headofthestudyinamediarelease.“Evenifyou’rehungryandhaven’teaten，oraretryingtocutbackonportions(份)，aservinglookssimilarwhetheritfillsasmallerplateorissurroundedbyemptyspaceonalargerone.”Somedietersmaytryeatingoffsmallerplates，hopingthattheywillfeelfullbecausetheservingsizeappearslargeronthesmallerplate.ThisstrategyisbasedontheclassicDelbouefillusion(错觉)，whichfoundthatpeopleseeingablackcircleinsidealargercircleperceivedthecircletobesmallerthanwhenthesamesizedblackcirclewasplacedinsideasmallercircle.Researchersdeterminedthathungerseemstohelpwithvisualperceptionoffoodportions.Intheexperiment，participantswhohadeatenrecentlyhadadifficulttimeestimatingpizzaportionsthatwereplacedonlargerversussmallertrays.Butparticipantswhohadnoteatenforatleastthreehourswerebetterabletoestimateportionsizescorrectly.Theauthorsremindthattheirresultsonlyappliedtofoodsizes.Bothgroupsofparticipantsperformedaboutthesamewhenaskedtocomparesizesofblackcirclesandhubcaps(轮毂)placedinsidedifferentsizedcircles.Studyauthorssaytheresultssuggestthathungerstrengthensourabilitytoanalyzeandprocesswhatweareseeing.“Overthelastdecade，restaurantsandotherfoodbusinesseshavebeenusingprogressivelysmallerdishestoadapttotheperceptualbias(偏差)thatitwillreducefoodconsumption，”saysGanel.“Thisstudydebunksthatview.Whenpeoplearehungry，especiallywhendieting，theyarelesslikelytobefooledbytheplatesize，morelikelytorealizetheyareeatinglessandmorereadytoovereatinglater.”Sodon’tkidyourself.PutawaytheBarbieplatesandgiveitthreehours.Thengrabthatgiantplateanddigin.Youreyeswillchoosetherightsize.【语篇解读】

本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现用小盘盛食物的节食策略并不一定会使我们少吃。4.Whydosomedietersswitchtosmallerdishes?A.Toseekanelegantlifestyle.B.Tomeasuretheservingsize.C.Tohavetheimpressionofbeingfull.D.ToseewhetherDelbouefillusionistrue.解析

细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Somedietersmaytryeatingoff...appearslargeronthesmallerplate.”可知，一些节食者用较小的盘子盛食物是为了营造一种饱腹感。√5.Whathelpstojudgefoodsizesaccurately?A.Theblackcolor.B.Thesizeofcircles.C.Thestrongneedforfood.D.Thedelicioustasteoffood.解析

细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Researchersdeterminedthathungerseemstohelpwithvisualperceptionoffoodportions.”可知，对食物的强烈需要有助于准确判断食物的分量。√6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“debunks”inParagraph6?A.Disapproves. B.Confirms.C.Reflects. D.Discovers.解析

词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Whenpeoplearehungry...lessandmorereadytoovereatinglater.”可知，这项研究驳斥了“用小盘子盛食物吃得会更少”这一观点，由此可知画线词词义为“驳斥，不赞成”。√7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Dietingrequiressmallerplates.B.Yourdinnerplateaffectsyourweight.C.Eatinglessisapopulardietingpractice.D.Smallerplateswon’tleadtolesseating.解析

文章大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现用小盘盛食物的节食策略并不一定会使我们少吃。√Anincreasinglypopularwayofeatingcalledreducetarianismmaysoundlikeanewweightlosstrend.Butthat’snotthegoal；instead，reducetarianismisaboutcuttingdowntheamountofmeatyoueatandmakingsmallchangesthatarehealthyforyouandtheplanet.“Butthevastmajoritydon’twanttogovegan，”saysBrianKateman，co－founderoftheReducetarianFoundation.Sohehasasimplemessageforus：“Don’tletperfectionbetheenemyofthegood.”Comparedwithavegetarian，reducetarianstakeamoreflexibleapproachthatacknowledgeschallengesofgivingupmeatentirelybutstilllimitsmeatwhenpossible.Theoppositesideofeatinglessmeatiseatingmoreplantfoods.Animalproductsoftenreplacefreshfruits，vegetablesandwholegrains，leadingtolackofnutrientsfromthem.Amoreplant－baseddietcanhelplowertheriskofhealthproblemsincludingheartdisease，coloncancer，andobesity.Andresearchshowstheclimatetollfromraisingplant－basedfoodsislessthanthatcausedbyanimal－basedfoods.Thisislargelybecauseittakesmuchmoreland，water，andotherresourcestoproduceapoundofmeatthanplantprotein，saysDanaEllis，adietitian.Thetypeofmeatyoubuymatterstoo.Grass－fedmeat—fromanimalsraisedwithoutantibiotics(抗生素)—tendtobethemoresustainableoptions.Bygrazing，cowsencouragegrassgrowthandnutrientturnoverinthesoil，whichmayhelpoffsetcattle’sclimateimpact，accordingtoastudypublishedin2021.Lookingforlocalproducethatrequiresnoairtransportandcuttingdownthefoodwastearealsosignificantaspectsofbeingareducetarian.Themessageofreducetarianismisthatyoudon’thavetobeperfecttohelpyourselfandtheplanetbymakingsmallchangesinhowyoueatandshopforfood.Andthat’ssomethingweallcanaccomplish.【语篇解读】

本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是减肉主义及这种饮食方式给人类和地球带来的好处。8.Whatdoesreducetarianismreferto?A.Anovelweightlosstrend.B.Ahealthydietwithlittlemeat.C.Anideaofacceptingimperfection.D.Anapproachtobeingavegetarian.解析

细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Butthat’snotthegoal；instead...thatarehealthyforyouandtheplanet.”可知，减肉主义指的是减少吃的肉的数量，这对健康和地球都有益，由此可知，减肉主义指的是一种少吃肉的健康饮食方式。√9.Whyshouldeatingmoreplantfoodsbeencouraged?A.Ithelpstofreepeoplefromdiseases.B.Itguaranteesallthenutrientsneeded.C.Itallowspeopletoobtainmoreprotein.D.Itcauseslessdamagetotheenvironment.解析

推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Andresearchshowstheclimatetollfromraisingplant－basedfoodsislessthanthatcausedbyanimal－basedfoods.”可知，种植植物性食物对气候的危害更小，更环保，由此可知，应该鼓励多吃植物性食物，因为它对环境的破坏较小。√10.Whoismorelikelytobeareducetarianaccordingtothepassage?A.Ameatlover. B.Acowraiser.C.Akeenenvironmentalist. D.Adevotedvegetarian.解析

推理判断题。根据第一段第二句和第二段中“Andresearchshowstheclimatetollfromraisingplant－basedfoodsislessthanthatcausedbyanimal－basedfoods.”可知，减肉主义倡导减少吃的肉的数量，而少吃肉对气候环境有益，由此可知，一个热情的环保主义者更有可能成为减肉主义者，因为他们为了保护环境会少吃肉，进而成为减肉主义者。√11.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthelastparagraph?A.Localproducecanoffermorenutrition.B.Reducetarianismissomethingimperfect.C.Anyamountoffoodwasteshouldbeavoided.D.Smallchangesindietbettermanandtheearth.解析

推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Themessageofreducetarianismis...Andthat’ssomethingweallcanaccomplish.”可知，我们只需在饮食和购买食物的方式上做出微小的改变，就可以帮助人类和地球，由此可知，饮食上的小变化使人类和地球变得更好。√(2024·江苏泰州高三统考)ASimpleTricktoResistJunkFoodYou’retiredandhungry.Thenyoucatchsomethingdelicious，probablyfriedandalmostcertainlyfattening.Itisfriedchicken！1Anewresearchsaysthatbeingexposedtothesmellofjunkfoodforatleasttwominutescanactuallyhelpyoumakehealthierfoodchoices.Haveyouevernoticedthatwhateverappetizingtreatcatchesyournose’sattentiontendstobemostappealingjustafteryoufirstsmellit?Whatwillhappenifyou’restandinginlineafteracoupleofminutes？2Andrecentsciencesaysthatthisisactuallytherightmomenttowalkaway.Ⅱ.七选五Theresultsofaseriesofexperimentsshowthatextendedexposureofmorethantwominutestojunkfoodsmellleadstolowerpurchasesofunhealthyfoodscomparedwithhealthysmell.3Thatiswhylongexposuretojunkfoodsmellcanbeassatisfactoryasactuallyhavingitinyourmouth.4Whentheexposuretosmellofhealthyfoodwasexamined，foodchoiceswerenotprofoundlyinfluenced.Thereasonforthisisthathealthyfoodisnotconnectedwithrewardinourbrainandthereforehaslittleinfluenceonwhatwedesire.Sonexttimeyou’refeelingyoudon’thavethewillpowertoresistthatFrenchfries，itmightbeassimpleassittingthereandsmellingall