2025年新高考英语总复习筑基培优方案必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 单元培优综合测试卷（原卷版）

必修三Unit2MoralsandVirtues单元培优综合测试卷

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

（2024·青海西宁·三模）It’sCommunityDayagain!

TheeventthatMapleEstateresidentsareeagerlylookingforwardtoisjustaroundthecorner!Asusual,the

MapleResidents’Committeehasplannedaprogrammethatisdesignedtopromotecommunityspirit.MapleEstate

hasbeencelebratingCommunityDayeverymonthformorethanayear.Bynow,wehopeallourresidents

understandtheimportanceofformingstrongbondswithourneighbours.Ifyouhavejustmovedtoourlovely

estateandhavenothadtheopportunitytoknowyourneighbours,youcandosobyjoiningatCommunityDay!

AugustHighlight:MapleEstateChefs

Callallresidentswhoarekeentopracticeyourcookingskillsandletyourneighbourssampleyourcooking!

Youwillbethestarsoftheupcomingevent!Visitwww.maplerc.sgformoreinformationandtoregisterforthis

activity.Kitchenequipmentandbasicingredientswillbeprovided.

Youwillreceivea$50shoppingvoucherthatyoucanusetopurchaseotheringredientsfromMapleMartthe

daybeforetheevent.Remembertoregisterbefore21July,2024!Wearesureeveryonewillenjoythedelicious

dishes!

Time:From10a.m.to6p.m,6Aug.,2024

Place:MapleCommunityClub

Entry:FlashyourMapleResidentCard

“MywifeandImovedtoMapleEstatewhenwegotmarried.Forafewmonths,wespentallourfreetime

afterworkdoingupourhouse.Eventhoughweknewthatourneighbourswerefriendlyandwouldsometimes

inviteusfortheirgatherings,wewereoccupiedwithgettingthingsready.However,itwasn’tlongbeforewegrew

curiousabouttheCommunityDaycelebrations.Afterwestartedattendingthemregularly,wemetmanyneighbours.

Thefirsttimeweinvitedsomeofthemover,weplayedgamesthathelpedustogettoknowoneanotherbetter!”

—Mr.Wang,aMapleEstateresidentsince2022

1．WhatdotheCommunityDayeventsaimtodo?

A．Toteachhowtocookmeals.B．Todevelopcommunityspirit.

C．Tomeetdiverseneedsofneighbours.D．Tomakethecommunitycleaner.

2．WhatdoyouhavetodoifyouwanttotakepartintheMapleEstateChefs?

A．Tosignupbefore21July,2024.B．Toprovidebasicingredients.

C．Touseyourownkitchenequipment.D．Topayaregistrationfeeof$50.

3．Mr.andMrs.Wangdidn’tsocializewiththeirneighboursmuchatfirstbecause______.

A．theyspentalltheirtimeatwork

B．theyweren’tinvitedforthegatherings

C．theywerebusybeautifyingtheirhome

D．theylackedinformationaboutthecommunity

B

（2024·湖南长沙·三模）In2009,KevinPearcewasattheheightofhisprofessionalsnowboardingcareer

andboundfortheWinterOlympics.Butinaninstant,itcametoanend.Duringtraining,hestruckhisheadonthe

edgeofapipe,resultinginatraumatic(创伤的)braininjury.Itchangedthecourseofthethen-22-year-old’slife.

Hehadtorelearnhowtowalkandtalkandessentiallystartover.HisolderbrotherAdamquithisjoband

movedacrossthecountrytohelphimthroughrehab.

Heeventuallystarteddoingyoga,andhisfamilysawhowittransformedhimandgavehimasenseofhope:

“ItwasthefirsttimeIremembersoclearlycomingoutofaclasswithhimandjustseeinginhisfacethisnew

expression,thisnewperson.”AdamPearcesaid,“Wewerelike,‘Weneedtofigureoutwhyandhowthatjust

happened.’”

Wantingtobringhopeandhealingtoothersthroughyogaandmeditation(冥想).AdainandKevin

co-foundedtheLoveYourBrainFoundationin2014.Thenonprofitoffersweek-longmeditationsand

community-basedyogaclassesacrosstheUnitedStatesforpeoplewhoarelivingwithlong-termbrain-related

disabilities.“Ithinkpeoplefeelisolatedafterbraininjurybecausetheydon’tfeelable,andwhenyoudon’tfeel

able,yougenerallyretreatbackinside.”Adamsaid,“Attheseretreats,peoplearegiventhespacetoleanintothose

deepchallengesandexpressthemandtalkaboutthem.”

Ultimately,theorganizationaimstocreateasafespaceandsupportivecommunitywherepeoplewith

brain-relateddisabilitiescanhealtogether.“Connectionhappensquicklybecausethere’ssuchasharedcommon

understandingamongthegroup.”Adamsaid.“Oncesomeoneseessomeonebevulnerable,itinstantlyallowsthe

nextperson(tobe).Bytheend,peoplestarttoseevulnerabilityasasuperpower.”

4．WhatpreventedKevinfromcareerdevelopment?

A．Aseverebraincancer.B．Anewtrainingroutine.

C．Adevastatingaccident.D．Asnowboardingtest..

5．WhydidKevinstartdoingyoga?

A．Topickupsnowboarding.B．Toregainrespect.

C．Torecoverfrombraininjury.D．Tolearnhowtomeditate.

6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheLoveYourBrainFoundation?

A．Costly.B．Ambitious.C．Diverse.D．Healing.

7．Whatsectionofthewebsitemightthetextbefound?

A．Natureanduniverse.B．Socialinnovations.

C．Technologicaldiscoveries.D．Themagicalworld.

C

（2024·广东广州·三模）InSwitzerland,anambitiousproposalcouldseetheconstructionofanexpansive

undergroundnetworkthroughwhichself-drivingpods(吊舱)wouldtransportgoodsacrossthecountry.

Theproject,calledCargoSousTerrain(CST),isintendedtoreducetherelianceontrucksformovingcargo.

Globaldemandforfreight(货物)transportationisgrowing,justasmuchoftheworldisseeingashortageoftruck

drivers.Meanwhile,higherfuelpriceshavemaderoadtransportationmoreexpensive,whiletransportingfreightby

roadaccountsforaround6%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.

Ifbuilt,thenetworkwouldstretchroughly500kilometersfromGenevainthewestofSwitzerlandtoSt.

Galleninthenortheast,andbecompletedaround2045.Thenetworkoftunnelswillbe40to80metersbelow

groundandtheautonomouspodswilldrivealongthreelanesataround30kilometersperhour.Andthecargowill

beloadedandunloadedatdesignatedhubs(枢纽)employingliftstotakegoodstoandfromthesurface.

TheprojectwasapprovedbytheSwissgovernmentin2021.Althoughthere’salongwaytogobefore

constructioncanbegin,earlierin2023CSTbeganitspreliminaryworkinthefield—exploratorydrillingalongthe

Härkingen-Niederbipproute.

ThebiggestchallengeforCSTwillbetheexpense.CSTestimatesthatitwillcostaround30billionSwiss

Francs($34billion)fortheentirenetwork.Theprojectwillbeentirelyprivatelyfunded,withinvestorsincluding

CreditSuisse,Coop,andSiemens.Althoughahugeamountoffundingstillneedstobefound,muchofthe

technologyfortheautomationandoperationofthenetworkalreadyexists.Anotherkeychallengeisworkingout

howtotransportfreightabovegroundfromthetunnelstostoresincities—withoutaddingtoroadtraffic.

Despiteallthehurdles,PatrikAellig,headofcommunicationforCST,remainsoptimistic.CSTis“atthe

forefront”ofundergroundfreighttransport.

8．WhatmainlyledtotheprojectCST?

A．Expensivetruckdrivers.B．Seriousshortageoffuel.

C．Environmentalconcern.D．Heavyfreighttransportation.

9．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?

A．Topresentthewaythenetworkwillwork.B．Toprovideablueprintofthenetwork.

C．Toprovetheefficiencyofthenetwork.D．Toshowtheadvancementofthenetwork.

10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“preliminary”meaninparagraph4?

A．Innovative.B．Significant.C．Preparatory.D．Constructive.

11．WhatisagreatchallengeforCST?

A．Absenceoffund.B．Lackoftechnology.

C．Last-miledelivery.D．Transportsafety.

D

（2024·河南信阳·模拟预测）Researchersaretrainingrobotstoperformanever-growingnumberoftasks

throughtrial-and-errorreinforcement(强化)learning,whichisoftenlaboriousandtime-consuming.Tohelpout,

humansarenowemployinglargelanguagemodel(LLM)AI.AteamatNVIDIAResearchdirectedanAIprotocol

(协议)poweredbyOpenAI’sGPT-4toteachasimulation(模拟)ofarobotichandnearly30complextasks,

includingthrowingaball,pushingblocks,pressingswitches,andsomeotherseriouslyimpressiveabilities.

NVIDIA’snew“AIagent”EurekausesGPT-4byaskingthelargelanguagemodeltowriteitsown

reward-basedreinforcementlearningsoftwarecode.Accordingtothecompany,Eurekadoesn’tneedcomplicated

remindersorevenpre-writtenpatterns;instead,itsimplybeginsexperimentingwithaprogram,andthenfollows

anyexternalhumanfeedback.

Inthecompany’sannouncement,Linxi“Jim”Fan,aseniorresearchscientistatNVIDIA,describedEureka

asauniquecombinationofLLMsandsimulationprogramming.“WebelievethatEurekawillenablerobotsto

controlitemsflexiblyandprovideanewwaytoproducephysicallyrealisticanimationsforartists,”Fanadded.

Aftertestingitstrainingprotocolwithinanadvancedsimulationprogram,Eurekathenanalyzesitscollecteddata

anddirectstheLLMtofurtherimproveuponitsdesign.Theresultisaprotocolcapableofsuccessfullynumbering

avarietyofrobotichanddesignstooperatescissors,turnpensandopencupboardswithinaphysics-accurate

simulatedenvironment.

Eureka’salternativestohuman-writtentrial-and-errorlearningprogramsaren’tjusteffective—inmostcases,

they’reactuallybetterthanthoseauthoredbyhumans.Intheteam’sopen-sourceresearchpaperfindings,

Eureka-designedrewardprogramsoutperformedhumans’codeinover80percentofthetasks—amountingtoan

averageperformanceimprovementofover50percentintheroboticsimulations.

“Reinforcementlearninghascontributedtoimpressivewinsoverthelastdecade,yetmanychallengesstill

exist,suchasrewarddesign,whichremainsatrial-and-errorprocess,”saidAnimaAnandkumar,anAIresearcher.

“Eurekaisthefirststeptowarddevelopingnewalgorithms(算法)thatintegrategenerativeandreinforcement

learningmethodstosolvehardtasks.”

12．WhyisAIusedforthetraining?

A．Tosimplifyrobots’tasks.B．ToadvertiseOpenAI’sGPT-4.

C．Tospeedupthetrainingprocess.D．Torecognizeartists’roleinartcreation.

13．WhatdoesEurekaneedtodointhetraining?

A．Designrewardprograms.B．Copypre-writtenpatterns.

C．Getcomplicatedreminders.D．Avoidhumanintervention.

14．HowdoesAnimaAnandkumarfindEureka?

A．Itisstillpoorattherewarddesign.B．Itshouldlearnfromhardtasks.

C．Ithasfewchallengestosolve.D．Itisofpioneeringsignificance.

15．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A．Trial-and-errorlearningprogramsarepromising.

B．Robotscanfinishcomplextasksthroughlearning.

C．Reinforcementlearningimprovesroboticsimulations.

D．AIcanbetterteachasimulatedrobotichandtoperformtasks.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）It’snormalforteenagerstofeelnervous,butifnervousnesspreventsyoufrom

speakingupinclassormakingfriends,youmayhaveacommonconditionknownassocialanxietydisorder.To

overcomeit,youneedtotakesomemeasures.

Practicedeepbreathingtoeaseanxiety.Ifanxietyhitsbeforeapresentationorrightbeforethebellringsto

change,takeafewdeepbreathstocalmdown.16

Trytomakeeyecontactandsmileatpeople.Makingcasualconversationwithotherkidsatschoolmayseem

toodifficult.17Brieflymakingeyecontactandflashingasmilehelpsyouseemcool,sotheymaycome

upandtalktoyou.

Channelyouranxietyintoacreativeactivity.18Theseactivitiesnotonlybringaboutpositive

self-worth,butthey’llalsotemporarilytakeyouawayfromworries.What’smore,creativeactivitiesalsoallowyou

toreleaseanxietyandturnitintosomethingspecial,likeasongorapainting.

19Ifyouhavefriendsorsiblings(兄弟姐妹)yourage,considertalkingtothemaboutsocial

anxiety.Sharesomeofyourfearsandaskthemforsupport.Forexample,youmightaskyoursiblingifit’sokayto

sitwiththematlunchsoyou’renoteatingalone.

Practiceexposingyourselftofearsomesituationsgradually.20Makeaplantoexposeyourselfto

thesesituations,startingwiththosecausingtheleastanxiety.Forexample,youmightstartexposingyourselfto

eatingincommonareasatschool.

A．Signupforaband,drama,orart.

B．Talktotrustedonesandaskfortheirhelp.

C．Thus,avoidface-to-facecommunicationatfirst.

D．Youcan’texpecttobefreeofanxietyovernight.

E．Youcanstartbytryingtopresentyourselfasapproachable.

F．Sitdownwithatrustedpersonandlistthesituationsthatcauseanxiety.

G．Thisisahandytoolyoucanalwaysusetogetahandleonyouranxiety.

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

（2024·湖北襄阳·三模）Iwas68whenIfirststeppedonstageasastandupcomedianin2003.I'dneverset

footin21before.I'vealwaysbeena(n)22—I'veworkedasasinger,actorandmusician—

butallthatcametoanendafter9/11.IliveinNewYork,andwewatchedthe23towersfallfrommy

apartmentbuilding.Forayearafterwards,nobodywantedtogooutorbe24.

ItwasthenthatIstartedtothinkabout.comedy.Irealisedpeopleneededtolaugh,toenjoythemselvesagain,

andthoughtthatwithalittle25Icoulddoit.Itookafewclasses,triedtoworkoutaroutine,andfinally

26thecouragetogetuponstage.Thatfirsttimewasterrifying.Ihadnoideawhattheaudiencewould

27ofme.

InNewYork,comediansare28youngmenwithbeards.It'shardenoughto29

throughasawoman,evenharderassomeoneoldenoughtobetheirgrandmother.AsIsteppedonstagethatfirst

time,peoplelaughednervously.Theywereclearly30toseeme.Iintroducedmyself,statedmyageand

triedmyfirstjoke.Therewas31ButbythetimeIgottothethirdline,peoplewereproperlylaughing.I

was32.

Nowmysetsdiffer.Imightbeonstagefor10minutesinfrontofadozenpeople,ormyone-womanshowis

afullhourinfrontofacrowdof100.

Afterashow,peopleyoungandoldcomeuptome,sayingwhata(n)33Iam,Theysaytheywant

tobeasactiveasmewhenthey34myage,I'mpleasedIcanshowthatasanolderpersonyoudon't

needtotakea35seatinlife.

21．A．comedyB．tragedyC．dramaD．mime

22．A．audienceB．performerC．workerD．producer

23．A．modernB．beautifulC．grandD．picturesque

24．A．entertainedB．seenC．activeD．public

25．A．exerciseB．practiceC．trainingD．meditation

26．A．heldonB．gottogetherC．tookupD．pluckedup

27．A．makeB．becomeC．approveD．allow

28．A．exclusivelyB．typicallyC．rarelyD．occasionally

29．A．pullB．seeC．getD．break

30．A．amusedB．expectedC．surprisedD．indifferent

31．A．silenceB．hesitationC．disbeliefD．applause

32．A．boredB．addictedC．disinterestedD．unexpected

33．A．reminderB．motivationeC．challengeD．inspiration

34．A．reachB．arriveC．approachD．surpass

35．A．dominantB．leadingC．backD．passive

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

（2024·山东济南·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Larou,orpreservedmeat,isawinterseasonspecialtyinChina.Theyarecustomarilymadeduringthelast

lunarmonthonthe36(tradition)Chinesecalendarwhenthetemperatureiscool37not

freezingtodryandpreservethesestaples.Larou,generallyreferstoporkproductswhileothercuredmeat,lawei,

ismadeacrossChina38(depend)onlocalavailability,usinggoose,duck,rabbit,andevenseafood.

Thepreservedmeat39(consider)aformofculturalheritageinmanyplaces.Similartobacon,the

Chinesepreservedmeatismadewithlargequantitiesofsalt,someof40aresmokedoverwithfire

41(achieve)moreflavor.TherearemanykindsofpreservedmeatinChinawith42(incredible)

diverseingredientsandrecipes,bringingawiderangeofflavorsfromsweettohot.

Eachregionhasitsownseasoningandflavorprofile.TheCantonese43(vary)issweet,flavored

withsugar,ricewine,andsoysauce.InSichuan,ittendstobehotter,seasonedwithchilipepperandSichuan

pepperpowder.Bothofthemaregreatchoices44ingredientsfordisheslikefriedriceandvegetable

stir-fry.CuredpoultryproductsarecommonlyfoundinSouthChina.Theyareslaughtered,butchered,andrubbed

withalcoholbeforesalting,which45(dry)outthemeatandpreventsbacteriagrowingonit.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

（2024·广东广州·模拟预测）英国一所友好学校的师生将到你校访问。你将作为学生代表在欢迎晚会上致辞，

并赠送学生们自制的文创礼物。请你用英语写一篇欢迎辞，包括以下内容：

1．表示欢迎；

2．介绍礼物。

注意：

1．写作词数应为80左右；

2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Goodevening,dearfriends!…

____________________________________________________________________________________________

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第二节(满分25分)

（2024·广东广州·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的

短文。

AnInsignificantTask

Thedaywhenthejobswerehandedoutwasoneofthemostexcitingforallthechildrenintheclass.Ittook

placeduringthefirstweekoftheterm.Onthatday,everyboyandgirlwasgivenajobforwhichtheywouldbe

responsiblefortherestofthatschoolyear.

Aswitheverything,somejobsweremoreinterestingthanothers,andthechildrenwereeagertobegivenone

ofthebestones.Whengivingthemout,theteachertookintoaccountwhichpupilshadbeenmostresponsible

duringthepreviousyear,andthosechildrenweretheoneswhomostlookedforwardtothisday.Amongthem,Rita

stoodout.Shewasakindandquietgirl.Duringthepreviousy