2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练：话题8　生命的意义与价值(教师版)

话题8生命的意义与价值

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2024·山东淄博统考三模)

WhenZhiYueying，then19，wenttotheremoteNiyangvillageinYichuncity，

JiangxiProvince，toworkasavillageteacherin1980，villagersweredoubtfulifshe

wasgoingtostaylong.

Overthepastfourdecades，Zhihasdevotedherselftoruraleducation.Sheisa

recipientofTouchingChinaawardsthatrecognizethemostinspiringrolemodelsin

2016.Shewasalsoawardedasamodelpovertyfighterbythegovernment.Zhihasa

profoundunderstandingoftheimportanceofeducationinthemountains.Overthe

years，shehastaughtthestudentsandcaredforthem，sincemanyofthemwere“left

－behind”childrenwhoseparentsmigratedtootherplacestowork.Morethan1，000

studentsofhershaveleftthemountainarea，andcreatedabetterlifeforthemselves.

Locatedamidthemountains，thevillagewasverypoorandfarfromany

town.Villagershadtohikeinthemountains.“Iarrivedattheschoolinanearly

evening，andwasshocked.Ihadknowntheconditionswerepoor，buttherealitywas

worse.”Moreover，localpeopleneededtogodownhilltobuydailynecessities，and

transportthembackintheirhandsorbalancedacrosstheirshoulders.“Ihadnever

walkeduphillonamountainroadbefore，soIwalkedmuchmoreslowlythan

others.SometimesIwalkedslowlybehindtoomuchandwasscaredtotears，”says

Zhi.Sometimesshehadtowalkuphillbyherselfwithaflashlightatnight.Thewild

boarsandrabbitssometimesfrightenedherandsheenhancedhercouragebysinging

loudly.

Butshegraduallygotusedtoherlifethere.Atthebeginning，shefoundmany

localpeoplevaluedtheirsonsfarmorethantheirdaughters，andwouldnotliketolet

themattendschool.Zhiwenttotheirhomesrepeatedlyandgraduallypersuadedthem

tosendalltheirchildrentoschool.Forthosewhocouldnotaffordthetuition，she

sparedherownmoneytohelp.

Zhisaysseeingherstudentsdowellbeyondthemountainsisdeeply

rewarding.“Mydream，thesameasbefore，istostaybythesideofmorechildren.I

knowpovertywillforeversaygoodbyetothemountainousvillages，tomystudents，

andtomyself，”saysZhi.

【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的支月英

的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，悉心教育并照顾学生，做出了

巨大的贡献。

1.WhydidZhichoosetostaylonginthemountains?

A.Shewasavillageteacher.

B.ShewasaTouchingChinaawardsrecipient.

C.Shewasshockedbythepoorlivingconditions.

D.Shewasawareofthesignificanceofruraleducation.

答案D[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Overthepastfourdecades，Zhihas

devotedherselftoruraleducation.”和“Zhihasaprofoundunderstandingofthe

importanceofeducationinthemountains.”可知，支月英选择长期待在山里是因为她

意识到了乡村教育的重要性。]

2.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Thereasonsfortheirpoverty.

B.Thewaysofbuyingdailynecessities.

C.Thetoughsituationsinthemountains.

D.ThedescriptionofZhi’steachingexperience.

答案C[段落大意题。根据第三段中“Locatedamidthemountains，thevillage

wasverypoor...transportthembackintheirhandsorbalancedacrosstheirshoulders.”

可知，山里的村庄地理位置偏僻，条件很差，人们生活非常不便。因此，第三段

主要是描绘山里艰苦的环境。]

3.WhatcanwelearnaboutZhiYueying?

A.Shehasasenseofachievement.

B.Sheenjoyslivinginmountains.

C.Shehaschangedthelocallife.

D.Shelikeschallengesinteaching.

答案A[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Zhisaysseeingherstudentsdowell

beyondthemountainsisdeeplyrewarding.”可知，支月英对于自己教育的成果感到

很满意，很有成就感。]

4.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ALife－changingLesson

B.AContributortoRuralEducation

C.TheTeachingExperienceinMountains

D.TheCurrentSituationofRuralEducation

答案B[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的

支月英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，做出了巨大的贡献。由

此可知，B项“乡村教育的贡献者”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。]

(2024·山东日照统考三模)

Anewwearabledevicethatwrapsaroundyourfingerlikeaplastercanharvest

sweatwhileyousleepanduseittogenerateelectricity，accordingtothedevelopers

fromUniversityofCalifornia，SanDiego.

Mostpower－producingwearabledevicesrequirewearerstoperformintense

exerciseordependonexternalsourcessuchassunlightorlargechangesin

temperature.Butthenewstripusesapassivesystemtogenerateelectricityfromsweat

inyourfingertips，evenifyouaresleepingorsittingcompletelystill.Thisisbecause

thefingertipsarethesweatiestpartofthebody.So，thankstoasmartspongematerial，

thiscanbecollectedandprocessedbyconductors.

Theenergyharvesterproducessmallamountsofelectricitywhenthewearer

pressesdownorstartstosweat，orfromlightfingertapping.Itdoesthisbyconverting

activitiesliketyping，texting，orplayingthepianointoextracharge.

Fingertipshaveoneofthehighestconcentrationsofsweatgrandsinthebody，

witheachfingerproducingbetween100and1，000timesmoresweatthanmostother

areas，accordingtotheresearchers.

Co－firstauthordoctoralstudentMr.Binsaid，“Thereasonwhywefeelsweatier

onotherpartsofthebodyisthatthosespotsarenotwellventilated(通风的).By

contrast，thefingertipsarealwaysexposedtoair，sothesweatevaporatesasitcomes

out.Soratherthanlettingitevaporate，weuseourdevicetocollectthissweat，andit

cangenerateasignificantamountofenergy.”

Thedeviceisequippedwithelectricalconductorsorelectrodes(电极)madefrom

acarbonfoam，whichabsorbsanyfingersweat.Enzymes(酶)ontheelectrodesthen

causechemicalsweatmoleculestogenerateelectricity.

Thedeviceonlystoresupalittlebitpoweratthemoment，andwouldtakeabout

threeweeksofconstantweartopowerasmartphone，buttheresearchershopeto

increasecapacityinfuture.

【语篇解读】本文是说明文。研发人员发明了一种新型的可穿戴设备，该设备

可以像膏药一样缠在手指上，在你睡觉时收集汗水，并利用它来发电。

5.Howisthenewdevicedifferentfromotherwearables?

A.Itiscost－effective.B.Itisharmlesstoskin.

C.Itrequiresnoexercise.D.Itproduceselectricity.

答案C[推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Mostpower－producingwearable

devicerequirewearers...evenifyouaresleepingorsittingcompletelystill.”可知，这

种设备即使是在你不运动的情况下，也可以从你指尖的汗液中发电。]

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evaporates”inparagraph5mean?

A.Changesintoagas.B.Freezesintheair.

C.Dropstotheground.D.Becomesbiggerinamount.

答案A[词义猜测题。根据画线单词上一句的“Thereasonwhywefeelsweatier

onotherpartsofthebodyisthatthosespotsarenotwellventilated(通风的).”可推断，

该句话的意思是我们身体的其他部位出汗多是因为那些部位不通风。而对比之下，

“thefingertipsarealwaysexposedtoair(指尖总是暴露在空气中)”可推测，指尖没

有多少汗水，由此推断，指尖没有汗水是因为汗水一出来就蒸发了。所以画线单

词的意思为“蒸发”。选项A“Changesintoagas.(变成气体)”符合该意思。]

7.Whatisthedisadvantageofthedevice?

A.Itisextremelysmallinsize.

B.Itisverydifficulttooperate.

C.Ithasaverylimitedpowercapacity.

D.Itreliesmuchontemperaturechanges.

答案C[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Thedeviceonlystoresupalittlebit

poweratthemoment...buttheresearchershopetoincreasecapacityinfuture.”可知，该

设备的容量不够大。]

8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.SweatyFingertipsB.PowerfromFingertips

C.AnElectricalConductorD.ARechargeableDevice

答案B[标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中“Anewwearabledevicethatwraps

aroundyourfinger...useittogenerateelectricity”以及整篇文章内容可知，文章主要

介绍了一种新型的可穿戴设备，该设备可以佩戴在手指上并收集汗水，用来发电。

所以“PowerfromFingertips”作为文章标题最为合适。]

Ⅱ.完形填空

Ourpastexperiencesshapeourfuture.Itisasayingthatresonates(共鸣)withme

everysingledayandthishasbeenagreat1frommyformativeyears，which

2metoapplyforthejobasacashierattheminisupermarketasateenageraftermy

finalyearinhighschool.

Asacashier，timelinesswasavery3factorthatwasamustformetostick

to.IgottoplanoutmydayswellassoonasI4thejobsothatmyclockinginand

clockingoutwasalwaysontimesince5toitwouldmakethewholework

systeminthestorewrong.ThismakessurethatIdomyactivities6anddothem

thoroughly.

Asmuchastheexperiencewasenlighteningandsatisfactory，ithadits7

—inabilityto8asocialgroupwithmypeers(同龄人)andhavingfreetimewith

myfamilywas9.OnSundays，allIwantedwastobewellrestedbeforemy10

startedthenextday.Somememorableactivitiesinmyteenagelife11mebyasI

wasoftenbusywithwork.This12methatIhadtoprioritizeandfindtimeto

relaxafterworkingsothatmyproductivitywould13.Takingmyfirst14is

thebestchoiceIhaveevermade.Butforthisgreatopportunity，Iwouldnothave15

thosequalitiesthatgreatlyinfluencedmylife.

【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者高中毕业后的第一份工作对他产生了深

远的影响，使作者深刻理解了“我们过去的经历塑造了我们的未来”。

1.A.intentionB.motto

C.decisionD.wish

答案B[A.intention意图；B.motto座右铭，格言；C.decision决定；D.wish希

望。分析句子可知，本句中this指代上文“Ourpastexperiencesshapeourfuture.”这

句话，这是一句格言。]

2.A.invitedB.forced

C.expectedD.pushed

答案D[A.invited邀请；B.forced强迫；C.expected期待；D.pushed推动，逼

迫。分析句子可知，本句中which指代先行词motto，因此是这句座右铭推动着

我找到了收银员的工作。]

3.A.vagueB.rough

C.vitalD.random

答案C[A.vague含糊的，不清楚的；B.rough粗糙的，粗鲁的；C.vital至关重

要的；D.random随机的。根据下文“Igottoplanoutmydayswellassoonas...itwould

makethewholeworksysteminthestorewrong.”可知，时间对我来说非常重要。]

4.A.pickedupB.tookon

C.pickedoutD.tookup

答案D[A.pickedup捡起，接某人，偶然学会；B.tookon呈现；C.pickedout

挑出，辨认出；D.tookup拿起，开始从事。根据上文“pushedmetoapplyforthejob

asacashier”可知，我开始从事这个工作。]

5.A.invitationB.failure

C.admissionD.pressure

答案B[A.invitation邀请；B.failure失败；C.admission录取，承认；D.pressure

压力。根据下文“wouldmakethewholeworksysteminthestorewrong”可知，如果

我打卡失败，会造成整个系统的瘫痪。]

6.A.bychanceB.inahurry

C.ontimeD.atallcosts

答案C[A.bychance偶然，意外；B.inahurry匆忙；C.ontime准时，按时；

D.atallcosts不惜一切代价。根据上文“Igottoplanoutmydayswellassoon

as...worksysteminthestorewrong.”可知，这种工作性质确保我会准时完成我的事

情。]

7.A.privilegesB.shortcomings

C.techniquesD.statements

答案B[A.privileges特权；B.shortcomings缺点，不足之处；C.techniques技术；

D.statements声明，陈述。根据下文“inabilitytoasocialgroupwithmy

peers(同龄人)”中的inability“无能，不能”可知，这项工作也有不好的地方。]

8.A.reportB.quit

C.broadcastD.create

答案D[A.report报告；B.quit放弃；C.broadcast广播；D.create创造。根据此

空宾语“asocialgroupwithmypeers”，以及上文inability可知，此处意为“因为这

个工作，我不能形成一个同龄人团体”。]

9.A.rareB.popular

C.essentialD.dull

答案A[A.rare稀有的；B.popular流行的；C.essential重要的；D.dull无聊的。

根据上文“Asmuchastheexperiencewasenlighteningandsatisfactory，ithad

its”可知，此处描述的是这份工作的缺点，因此是很少有时间和家人待

在一起。]

10.A.shiftB.change

C.waitD.fame

答案A[A.shift轮值的班；B.change改变；C.wait等待；D.fame名声。根据上

文“Asmuchastheexperiencewasenlighteningandsatisfactory，ithad

its”可知，此处在继续描述这份工作的缺点，因此是周日要在第二天轮

班之前好好休息。]

11.A.hitB.sent

C.calledD.passed

答案D[A.hit碰撞，打；B.sent发送；C.called称呼；D.passed经过，走过。

根据上文“OnSundays，allIwantedwastobewellrestedbeforemy

startedthenextday.”可知，青少年的我为了工作一直在忙碌，因此错过了很多活

动。passby意为“经过，走过”。]

12.A.worriedB.bothered

C.taughtD.warned

答案C[A.worried担心，担忧；B.bothered打扰；C.taught教；D.warned警告。

根据上文“SomememorableactivitiesinmyteenagelifemebyasIwas

oftenbusywithwork.”可知，我青少年时期为了工作错过了很多活动，而这些经验

教会了我要给事情分优先级。]

13.A.disappearB.simplify

C.increaseD.vary

答案C[A.disappear消失；B.simplify简化；C.increase增加；D.vary变化。根

据上文“ThismethatIhadtoprioritizeandfindtimetorelaxafterworking”

可知，我分清事情的优先级并找时间放松，会提高我的工作效率。]

14.A.courseB.prize

C.opportunityD.step

答案A[A.course课程；B.prize奖；C.opportunity机会；D.step步骤。根据上

文“ThismethatIhadtoprioritizeandfindtimetorelaxafterworkingso

thatmyproductivitywould.”可知，作者在此处应用了比喻手法，将之

前的工作经验比喻为“人生中的课”。]

15.A.advocatedB.guaranteed

C.misunderstoodD.discovered

答案D[A.advocated提倡，主张；B.guaranteed保证；C.misunderstood误解；

D.discovered发现。分析句子可知，本句宾语是“thosequalitiesthatgreatlyinfluenced

mylife”，因此应和“发现”搭配。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2024·江苏省百校高三第三次联考)

EconomicandtradetiesbetweenChinaandcountriesalongtheBeltandRoad1.

(grow)significantlyoverthepastdecade.

ProposedbyChinain2013，theBeltandRoadInitiativerefers2.

theSilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe2lstCenturyMaritimeSilkRoad.China’stradein

goodswithBeltandRoadcountriesdoubled3.$1.04trillionin2013to

$2.07trillionin2022，with4.averageannualgrowthrateof8percent，Chen，

assistantministerofcommerce，saidatanewsconference.Bytheendof2022，Chinese

enterpriseshadinvested$57.13billionineconomicandtradecooperationzone

countriesalongtheBeltandRoad，5.helpedcreate421，000jobsfor

localresidents.

6.(go)ahead，Chinawillexpandimportsofqualitygoods，improve

itstwo－wayinvestmentstructure7.concludefreetradeagreements

withmorecountriesalongtheBeltandRoad.Chinawill8.(active)

negotiateandsignbilateral(双边的)cooperationa