中考英语 中国传统工艺：砖雕、石雕、坚果雕刻、撕纸、吹糖人、盘纸、花馍、麦秆画（解析版）

31中国传统工艺砖雕、石雕、坚果雕刻、撕纸、吹糖人、盘纸、花馍、麦秆画吹糖人中国民间传统手工艺品吹糖人是旧时北京的一个行业，北京话为“吹糖人儿”，汉族民间手工艺品之一。小贩们肩挑挑子走街串巷，挑子一头是一个带架的长方柜，柜子下面有一个半圆形开口木圆笼，里面有一个小炭炉，炉上的一个大勺里放满了糖稀（据说是麦芽糖溶化所得）。据传，吹糖人儿祖师爷是明朝宰相刘伯温。一、阅读理解A“Nobuildingcomeswithoutcarvings(雕刻),andcarvingsmakebuildingsmorevaluable,”goesanoldsayinginMinnan,anareainsouthernFujianProvince.Thesayingreferstobrick(砖)carvings,whichwereanimportantfeatureoftheoldredbrickbuildinginthearea.ThecarvingswereoncecommonlyfoundoneithersideofmainentranceofMinnan’sbuildings.However,withdevelopment,thenumberofancientredbrickbuildingsbecomeslessandless,andMinnan’sbrickcarvinghavegraduallydisappearedfromsight,saidWuJiandong,ayoungmasterbrickcarverfromFujian’sQuanzhouCity.The42-year-oldcarverhaslearnedthetraditionalskillandnowconnecteditwithmodemtastestodevelophisstyleofbrickcarving.Wusaidthathehopedtobeabletohelpthetraditionalcraftcontinuethroughinnovation.“Marketrequirementshavechangedinrecentyears,andsohasourthinking,”Wusaid.“Wemustaddmodemelements(元素)tohelppassdownanddeveloptraditionalcrafts(工艺).”PeopleinMinnanlovetea,soWucreatedaseriesofcarvedbrickteadecorations(装饰品),includingteaplates,cupholders,potholdersandotheritems.Theyhavebeenwarmlyreceivedbylocalpeopleandforeignvisitors.Earlierthisyear,apendant(挂件)decoratedwithaswallowtailridgeandabrightmoonwasboughtbyanoverseasChinesemanfromthePhilippines.ThecustomertoldWuthathewouldhangthependantinhisofficeasareminderofthebuildingsandthemoonofhishometown.Becauseofthemarkerspraiseofhiswork.Wuwillbeabletopassdownthecraftandfurtherdevelophispieces,andthepopularityofshortvideoshasalsogivenhisnewhopesofspreadingMinnanbrickcarvings.TheartformstartedduringtheSongDynastyandbecamepopularduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Itisnowanimportantpartofnationalculturalheritage.1．Whydoesthewriterbeginthetextbyusingtheoldsaying?A．ToattractmorepeopletovisitMinnan.B．Togiveadviceondevelopingbrickcarvings.C．ToshowtheimportanceofbrickcarvingsinMinnan.2．Theunderlinedword“innovation”inthepassageprobablymeans“________”inChinese.A．推广 B．创新 C．模仿3．Wecaninferfromthesixparagraphthat________.A．Wu’sbrickpiecesarewarmlyreceivedallovertheworldB．brickcarvingsbecomesymbolsofhomesicknessC．thependantofbrickcarvingbecomespopular4．HowdidWufeelabouthisbrickartpieces?A．Confident.(自信) B．Worried. C．Disappointed.(失望)5．Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?A．ThehistoryofMinnan’sbrickcarvingsB．TheancientredbrickbuildingsinMinnanC．Minnan’sbrickcarvingartiscomingback【答案】1．C2．B3．B4．A5．C【知识点】传统工艺、说明文【导语】本文主要讲述了闽南地区的砖雕艺术以及吴建东传承这门技艺并发扬光大。1．推理判断题。此谚语“Nobuildingcomeswithoutcarvings(雕刻),andcarvingsmakebuildingsmorevaluable”意为“没有雕刻就没有建筑，而雕刻使建筑更有价值”，由此可推知，作者在开头提到这个谚语的目的是为了表明砖雕在闽南的重要性。故选C。2．词句猜测题。根据上文“The42-year-oldcarverhaslearnedthetraditionalskillandnowconnecteditwithmodemtastestodevelophisstyleofbrickcarving.”可知，这位年轻人将传统工艺与现代品味相结合，发展出了自己的砖雕风格，即创新，所以划线部分的含义是“创新”。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“ThecustomertoldWuthathewouldhangthependantinhisofficeasareminderofthebuildingsandthemoonofhishometown.”可知，砖雕可以安慰海外思乡的中国人。故选B。4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Becauseofthemarkerspraiseofhiswork.Wuwillbeabletopassdownthecraftandfurtherdevelophispieces,andthepopularityofshortvideoshasalsogivenhisnewhopesofspreadingMinnanbrickcarvings.”可知，吴建东对砖雕艺术充满了希望，即充满自信。故选A。5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了闽南地区的砖雕艺术以及吴建东传承这门技艺并发扬光大，所以C项最符合。故选C。BUndertheleadershipofthelocalgovernment,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinXizhuangVillage,XinjiangCountyofYuncheng,ShanxiProvince.Thevillagershavegreatlydevelopedthestoneprocessingbusinessinrecentyears.Jiangzhoustonecarving(雕刻),atraditionalskillcomingfromXinjiangCounty,hasahistoryofmorethan1,000years.In2017,Jiangzhoustonecarvingwaslistedasanintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产),motivatingmorevillagersofXizhuangtojointhebusiness.ManyvillagersinXizhuanghavetheskillsofstonecarving.ThevillagehasthreeyardsoftheMingDynastyandmorethan20yardsoftheQingDynastythatshowdifferentstylesofeachperiod.Unlikeotherstonecarvingskills,Jiangzhoustonecarvingisanartincludingphysics,paintingandmodeling.TheXinjiangStoneCarvingParkinthevillagehasnearly100stonecarvingfactoriesandhundredsofexperiencedartists.Inrecentyears,moderncarvingskillsdependingontraditionalwayshavebeenintroducedtohelpimprovethespeed.Thevillagehasdevelopedalmost1,000kindsofproducts.Theproductshavebeenwelcomedbothathomeandabroad.Stonecarvinghasbecomealeadingindustryforlocalfarmerstomakemoney.Thepeopleinthecountyarelivingahappylifenow.6．WhereisJiangzhoustonecarvingfrom?A．HenanProvince. B．ShanxiProvince. C．ShandongProvince.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“motivating”probablymean?A．激励 B．阻止 C．赞扬8．What’sthedifferencebetweenJiangzhoustonecarvingandotherstonecarvings?A．Jiangzhoustonecarvingkeepsthesamestyleinhistory.B．Jiangzhoustonecarvingdependsontraditionalwaysonly.C．Jiangzhoustonecarvingincludesphysics,paintingandmodeling.9．Howhavethevillagersimprovedthespeedofstonecarvingrecently?A．Bypaintingonthestones.B．Byinvitingexperiencedartists.C．Byusingmoderncarvingskills.10．What’sthemainpurpose(目的)ofthisarticle?A．ToinvitepeopletoliveinXinjiang.B．TointroducealeadingindustryofXinjiang.C．Toaskpeopletolearnthestonecarvingskill.【答案】6．B7．A8．C9．C10．B【知识点】说明文、中华文化、传统工艺【导语】本文是说明文，文章主要介绍了石雕作为新绛的一个主导产业带领当地人民致富。6．细节理解题。根据“Jiangzhoustonecarving(雕刻),atraditionalskillcomingfromXinjiangCounty,hasahistoryofmorethan1,000years.”可知，绛州石雕来自于山西省。故选B。7．词义猜测题。根据“In2017,Jiangzhoustonecarvingwaslistedasanintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产),motivatingmorevillagersofXizhuangtojointhebusiness.”可知，划线词后提到了更多的西庄村民加入企业，因此划线词是“激励”。故选A。8．细节理解题。根据“Unlikeotherstonecarvingskills,Jiangzhoustonecarvingisanartincludingphysics,paintingandmodeling.”可知，绛州石雕与其他石雕不同，是因为它包含物理、绘画和建模，而不仅仅是传统技艺。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据“Inrecentyears,moderncarvingskillsdependingontraditionalwayshavebeenintroducedtohelpimprovethespeed.”可知，村民们通过引入现代雕刻技术来提高雕刻速度，故选C。10．推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了石雕作为新绛的一个主导产业带领当地人民致富。故选B。CPapercuttingortearingisaculturaltraditioninChina.Forcenturies,ithasbeenpasseddownfromonegeneration(一代人)tothenext,especiallyfrommotherstodaughters.Thisbeautifulartcreatedbyskillfulartistsisusedtodecorate(装饰)doors,ceilings,andbedsinpeople’shomes,oratcelebrationssuchasbirthdaysandweddings.AtChineseNewYear,windowflowersaregluedtowindows,creatingbeautifulpatternsoflightandshadow.Thetwomaintechniques(技艺)usedarecuttingthepaperusingaknifeorscissors,ortearingitbyhand.Ifthepaperiscut,theedges(边缘)areverysmooth.Papercuttingcanproduceveryfineanddelicatework.ThistypeofworkistypicalofsouthernChina.Ifthepaperistornbyhand,theedgesaremoresimpleandnatural.TearingisusedmoreinnortheastChina.Inaddition,differentpartsofChinahavetheirownmotifsorpictures.Thesemotifscanexpressmanystories,ideasandemotions.Itcanbehardtoholdontotraditionslikethesebecauseyoungpeopledon'tknowmuchabouttraditionalart.Oftentheypreferspendingtheirtimeonnewerpastimes.Theexpertsaregettingolder.Ifyoungpeopledon'tlearnthetraditions,theywon’tbeabletopassthemdowntotheirownchildren.Butrecentlythereisachange.Therearemoreexhibitionsoftraditionalart.Artistsaregoingintoschoolstoteachchildrenhowtodopapercutting.Childrenenjoyworkingtogetherwithartistsandtalkingtothemaboutthemeaningoftheirart.Inthisway,theyarebecomingproudoftheircultureandtraditions.11．Theunderlinedword“motifs”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A．habits B．reasons C．subjects D．words12．Whatisthewriter’sopiniononpapercuttingortearing?A．Itiseasytoholdontothisformofart.B．ItwillcontinueinChinaforfuturegenerations.C．ItissoexpensivethatonlytherichcanaffordtolearnitD．Thebeautifulartisn’tusedtodecorateceilingsorbeds.13．Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A．youngpeopleknowtraditionalartverywellB．theedgesareverysmoothwhenthepaperiscutC．girlswerenotallowedtolearnpapercuttinginthepastD．ifthepaperistornbyhand,theedgesareverysmooth14．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ChinesePaperArt B．GreatChangesinChinaC．FamousChineseArtists D．AnExhibitionofPaperCutting【答案】11．C12．B13．B14．A【知识点】传统工艺、说明文、中华文化【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的剪纸和撕纸艺术，其文化传承以及各地的特色，并强调了保护与继承这一传统艺术的重要性。11．词义猜测题。根据“Thesemotifscanexpressmanystories,ideasandemotions.”可知，画线单词可以表达许多故事、想法和情感，故画线单词motifs指的是艺术作品的主题。故选C。12．推理判断题。根据“Ifyoungpeopledon'tlearnthetraditions,theywon'tbeabletopassthemdowntotheirownchildren.Butrecentlythereisachange.”可知，如果年轻人不学习这些传统艺术的话，他们就不能把这些技艺传承给子孙后代，但最近有一些改变。由此可推知，作者认为这些技艺会在中国的后代中流传下来。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据“Ifthepaperiscut,theedgesareverysmooth.”可知，如果纸张被裁剪的话，它的边缘会非常光滑。故选B。14．最佳标题题。根据“PapercuttingortearingisaculturaltraditioninChina.”可知，全文旨在介绍中国的传统文化工艺——剪纸和撕纸。故选A。DWhenXiongChuanfa,34,blowsalifeliketigeroutofsugarinjustminutes,kidslookathiminsurprisethinkingheisamagician.Xionghasbeenblowingsugarfigurines(吹糖人)forovertwentyyears.BlowingsugarfigurinesisaChinesetraditionalfolk(民间)artwithahistoryofover600yearsandhasbeenlistedasastate-levelintangibleculturalheritage.Everymorning,XiongpreparesthesugaranddrivestodifferentmarketsinNanchangtostarthismagicshow.Heheatsthesugar,pullsoffalittletomakeaballandblowsitintodifferentshapes—arabbit,amonkey,themascotoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.People,especiallylittlekids,areinterestedinhisskills._______Manycollegestudentshavebeendrawntotheart,waitinginlineforhands-onexperience.Amongthem,Simon,couldn’thelphavingatry.Thoughitlookedeasy,hefounditdifficulttomakeit.ThankstoXiong’shelp,Simonfinallysawahorseslowlytakingshape.Simonwasdeeplymovedafterlearningabouttheart.“Ijustcan’tbelievethetraditionalfolkartcanbekeptsowellhere.Iloveit.Chinesecultureshouldbespreadaroundtheworld,”hesaid.Thisarthasbeenpasseddownforfourgenerations(代)inXiong’sfamily.His6-year-oldsonoftenblowssugarballoons,justlikewhatheusedtodoasachild.“Wewillpassontheintangibleheritage,”saidXiong.15．FromthepassagewecanlearnthatXiongChuanfais________.A．afolkartisanB．abusdriverC．aforeignmagician16．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinthe________?A．TodrawyoungpeopleclosertotheartB．TohelpyoungpeoplelearndrawingskillsC．Toteachlittlekidstheskillsofdrawing17．Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推断)thatSimonwillmostprobably________.A．stayinChinatoblowsugarhorsesB．offerXiongahelpinghandinclassC．learnmoreaboutChineseculture18．Inwhichsentencecanweputintheunderlinephrase?A．Wehadto________thehiketillnextweekendbecauseofthebadweather.B．Let’s________somesmallflowersandlookatthemcarefully,thenwritewhatyoucansee.C．Theplanewill________intenminutes!Hurryup,orwewillbelate.19．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．XiongandHisFolkArtofSweetBlowsB．AMagicFolkArtandChineseCultureC．Xiong’sFamilyandSugarFigurineSkills【答案】15．A16．A17．C18．B19．A【知识点】传统工艺、记叙文、中华文化【导语】本文主要介绍的是民间艺人熊传发传承非物质遗产的故事。15．细节理解题。根据“Xionghasbeenblowingsugarfigurines(吹糖人)forovertwentyyears.BlowingsugarfigurinesisaChinesetraditionalfolk(民间)artwithahistoryofover600yearsandhasbeenlistedasastate-levelintangibleculturalheritage.”可知他吹糖人已经20多年了，所以他是民间艺术家。故选A。16．推理判断题。根据“Manycollegestudentshavebeendrawntotheart,waitinginlineforhands-onexperience.”可知许多大学生都被这门艺术所吸引，排队等待动手体验，所以他是为了把这项艺术介绍给年轻人，选项A“为了让年轻人更接近艺术”符合语境。故选A。17．推理判断题。根据“Iloveit.Chinesecultureshouldbespreadaroundtheworld”可知，他认为传统文化应该广为传播，所以他最可能要更多了解中国文化，故选C。18．词义猜测题。根据“Wewillpassontheintangibleheritage”可知将传承非物质文化遗产，故此处划线部分意为“传递，传承”，可放选项B“让我们传递一些小花，仔细看看，然后写下你看到的”中。故选B。19．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍的是民间艺人熊传发传承非物质遗产的故事，以选项A“熊和他的吹糖人民间艺术”为标题最合适。故选A。ETangchang,atowninChengdu,iswell-knownforclothshoes.Withover20types,Tangchangclothshoesarestrong,comfortable,breathableandfriendlytotheenvironment.In2018,theywereaddedtoSichuan’sIntangibleCulturalHeritageList(非物质文化遗产名录).63-year-oldLaiShufanghasspentover40yearsmakingTangchangclothshoes.Nowsheisamaster.Shesaidtherewere32stepstomakeapair,butthemostimportantstepwasmakingthesoles.Layers(层)ofwhiteclotharegluedtogetherwithflourpaste(糊糊).“Tomakegoodpaste,wemakeitatatemperatureof85℃.Ifthetemperatureistoolowortoohigh,thepastewillnotwork,”Laisaid.Thenthepastedlayersaredriedandcutintodifferentshapes.Afterthis,thelayeredclothisbeatenagainandagainuntilitistight(紧实的)enoughtomakesolesandupperparts.Thenextstepistoshapethetwopartsandgluethemtogether.Butstillthesoles’edgeslookfluffy.Throughrepeatedpolishingandcutting,thefluffyedges(毛边)willbecomesmooth.Thentheclothshoesareready.Lai’shardworktouchedhersonAiPeng.In2015,Aidecidedtoleavehisjobandhelphismother.HeusedShuembroidery(蜀绣)tomaketheshoeslookmorebeautifulandopenedaclothshoestoreonline.Healsosetupshopwindowstoshowthestepsofmakingshoes,helpingmorepeoplelearnabouttheartofclothshoes.20．________isthemostimportantstepinmakingTangchangclothshoesaccordingtoMs.Lai.A．Makingthesoles B．MakinggoodflourpasteC．Makingthebesttemperature D．Makingtheupperparts21．WhatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingstepsofmakingTangchangclothshoes?①beatingthelayeredcloth②makingflourpasteatanexacttemperature③gluingtheupperpartsandthesolestogetherA．③②① B．②③① C．②①③ D．①②③22．Lai’ssonhasdone________thingstomaketheclothshoesmorepopularaccordingtothepassage.A．two B．three C．four D．five23．Whichofthefollowingquestionsisansweredinthepassage?A．Whatarethefeatures(特点)ofTangchangclothshoes?B．Howmuchisapairofclothshoes?C．WhendidMs.Laibecomeamasterofclothshoes?D．What’sthemostimportantmaterialinmakingclothshoes?24．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．ATalentedShoemaker,LaiShufangB．Hand-madeClothShoesinTangchangC．Tangchang,aWell-knownTowninChengduD．TangchangClothclothes,Sichuan’sIntangibleCulturalHeritage【答案】20．A21．C22．B23．A24．B【知识点】传统工艺、说明文、中华文化【导语】本文向我们介绍四川非物质文化遗产名录之一——唐昌布鞋。20．细节理解题。根据“Shesaidtherewere32stepstomakeapair,butthemostimportantstepwasmakingthesoles.”可知，最重要的一步是制作鞋底，故选A。21．细节理解题。根据“‘Tomakegoodpaste,wemakeitatatemperatureof85℃.Ifthetemperatureistoolowortoohigh,thepastewillnotwork,’Laisaid.Thenthepastedlayersaredriedandcutintodifferentshapes.Afterthis,thelayeredclothisbeatenagainandagainuntilitistight(紧实的)enoughtomakesolesandupperparts.Thenextstepistoshapethetwopartsandgluethemtogether.”可知，在准确的温度下制作面糊，再拍打分层的布料，最后将鞋帮和鞋底粘合在一起。故选C。22．细节理解题。根据“HeusedShuembroidery(蜀绣)tomaketheshoeslookmorebeautifulandopenedaclothshoestoreonline.Healsosetupshopwindowstoshowthestepsofmakingshoes,helpingmorepeoplelearnabouttheartofclothshoes.”可知，赖淑芳的儿子做了三件事来让布鞋更受欢迎，故选B。23．推理判断题。根据“Withover20types,Tangchangclothshoesarestrong,comfortable,breathableandfriendlytotheenvironment.”可知，文章介绍了唐昌布鞋的特点，故选A。24．最佳标题题。本文向我们介绍四川非物质文化遗产名录之一——唐昌布鞋。选项B“唐昌手工布鞋”符合主题，故选B。FLookattheworksofartinthepicture.ShaoLujie,a28-year-oldmanfromZhejiang,createdthemforthe19thAsianGames.①Shao’scraftisknownasquilling(盘纸).Quillinghasalonghistory.Itistheartofcuttingpaperintolongthinstrips(条),makingthepiecesintodifferentshapesandthengluing(粘贴)theshapestogethertocreateartworks.②SinceShaowasachild,hehaslovedpaintingandcrafts.Havinglearnedquillingfromagreatteacherattheageof21,hehasbeenputtingmostofhistimeintoit.Shaostartedhiscareer(事业)twoyearslater.Hebeganbycopyingtheworksofhisteachers.Beforelong,hewasabletocreatehisownworkswithnewskills.Inrecentyears,Shaohasworkedhardtodevelopculturalandcreativeproductswithlocalfeatures(特点),hopingtomakesomeprogressinquilling.③“QuillingisnotfamousinourcountryanditcanonlybeseeninafewplacesinJiangsuandZhejiangprovinces,”Shaosaid.Togetmoreyoungpeopleinterestedinquilling,Shaohasgoneonline.“Usually,Iliketowritearticlesaboutthisartandpostpicturesofmynewworksonsocialmedia,”hesaid.Hehopestoopenanexhibitionhallinthefuturesothatmorepeoplecanlearnaboutthecraftandpassitdown.25．Whatcanwelearnaboutquilling?A．Quillingwasinventedin2016. B．Quillingneedsmanystepstocomplete.C．Quillingislearnedbymanyyoungpeople. D．Quillingisfamousathomeandabroad.26．WhendidShaostarthisownbusiness?A．Attheageof21.B．Attheageof23. C．Attheageof26. D．Attheageof28.27．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeShao?A．Strict. B．Friendly. C．Outgoing. D．Creative.28．Pleasematchthefollowingtitleswiththerightnumbersinthepassage.a.Whatisquilling?

b.Howpopularisquilling?c.WhydidShaolovepaintingandcrafts?

d.WhatdidShaodotodevelopquilling?e.HowhasShaoimprovedquillingskills?A．①-a

②-c

③-d B．①-d

②-c

③-eC．①-a

②-e

③-d D．①-d

②-e

③-b29．Whichpartofamagazineisthepassagefrom?A．Culture. B．Travel. C．History. D．Cooking.【答案】25．B26．B27．D28．C29．A【知识点】传统工艺、说明文【导语】本文介绍了手艺人邵路杰用传统技艺盘纸制作的亚运文创产品，并坚持将这种工艺传承下去的故事。25．推理判断题。根据“Itistheartofcuttingpaperintolongthinstrips,makingthepiecesintodifferentshapesandthengluingtheshapestogethertocreateartworks.”可知，此处是指这项工艺需要很多步骤才能完成。故选B。26．细节理解题。根据“Havinglearnedquillingfromagreatteacherattheageof21,hehasbeenputtingmostofhistimeintoit.Shaostartedhiscareer(事业)twoyearslater.”可知在23岁开始的生意，故选B。27．推理判断题。根据“Hebeganbycopyingtheworksofhisteachers.Beforelong,hewasabletocreatehisownworkswithnewskills”可知，此处指邵很有创造性，故选D。28．推理判断题。根据①段落的介绍可知，该段是在介绍盘纸。选项a“什么是盘纸”与之匹配；根据②段落的介绍可知，该段是在介绍邵年幼时对绘画和手工艺感兴趣，开始学习这项工艺并努力开发具有地方特色的文化创意产品，最终创作出优秀作品。选项e“邵是如何提高盘纸技巧的”与之匹配；根据③段落的介绍可知，该段是讲述了这项工艺的受欢迎程度及邵在推广这项工艺方面所作的努力。选项d“邵为发展盘纸工艺做了什么”与之匹配。故选C。29．推理判断题。根据全文对这项传统工艺的介绍可推测，这篇文章最有可能出现在杂志关于文化方面的板块。故选A。GManypeoplemaythrowawaythepitsinsidefruitsaftereatingthem,butinheritorsofnutcarving(核雕继承人)haveturnedthemintoartworksinstead.WeifangnutcarvinggoesbacktotheQingDynasty.Duringthattime,anoldimperial(皇家)craftsmanWangDayanspreadtheskilltothelocalpeopleinShandongProvince.Craftsmenbackthenoftenusedpeachpits(核桃)toshowofftheirartisticskills.Becauseofthehighlevelofcarvingskillsneeded,thetraditionalcultureanditsrichartistictheme,Weifangnutcarvingwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritage(国家非物质文化遗产)in2008.“Onenut,from0.8to6centimeterslong,canbemadeintofanpendants,earrings,buttons,sealsandsoon,”saidTanWanhai,48,aninheritorofWeifangnutcarving.Tanhasstudiedtheartofnutcarvingfor25yearsandhascreatedmanynutcarvings.However,thecraftsmanalsosaidthatbringingthiskindofartworktolifeisnoteasy.“Unlikesomepitslikeolive(橄榄)pitswhichhaveafatsurface,eachpeachpithasitsownspecialtexture(质地)likehumanfingerprints,”Tansaid,addingthat,craftsmenhavetostudyeachpeachpittocarefullyplanouttheirartwork.Nutcarvingcraftsmenalsoneedtohaveknowledgeinmanyareas.AccordingtoTan,theyhavetomasterskillsinpainting,sealcarvingandcalligraphyfrommanytraditionalcultures.Thankstotheircreativedesignandfreshideas,WeifangnutcarvingartworkshavebeenincreasinglywelcomedbypeopleinChina.Morepeoplearelearningtheartandhaveevenbecomeinheritorstopassdowntheskilltoyoungpeople.“Now,thenumberofinheritorsisabout1,000.ButIbelieveitcouldbebigger.Morecraftsmennowgiveupthetraditionofpassingdowntheskillonlythroughthefamilyandopenituptoanyonewhoisinterestedinlearningtheskill,”saidTan.30．WhatarethereasonsthatWeifangnutcarvingwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritagefor?①thehighlevelofcarvingskillneeded

②itsrichartistictheme③thetraditionalculture

④thepopularityaroundChinaA．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④31．Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytellus?A．Theculturalvalueofnutcarving.B．TheknowledgecraftsmenhavetomasterC．Theinheritorandhiscarvingartworks.D．Thedifficultiescraftsmenhave.32．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．WeifangnutcarvinggoesbacktotheMingDynasty.B．Tanthinkstherecouldbemoreinheritorsofnutcarving.C．Olivepitscanbeusedtodonutcarvingbycraftsmennow.D．Nutcarvingskillsarepasseddownonlythroughthefamily.33．HowdoesTanfeelaboutthedevelopmentofnutcarvinginthefuture?A．Indifferent. B．Surprised. C．Uncertain. D．Confident.34．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AchievementsofNutCarving B．AmazingArtworksinChinaC．CarvingArtworksoutofNut D．TheHistoryofNutCarving【答案】30．A31．D32．B33．D34．C【知识点】传统工艺、说明文、中华文化【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种特殊工艺——用坚果雕刻艺术品。30．细节理解题。根据“Becauseofthehighlevelofcarvingskillsneeded,thetraditionalcultureanditsrichartistictheme,Weifangnutcarvingwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritagein2008.”可知，由于其精湛的雕刻技艺、深厚的传统文化以及丰富的艺术主题，潍坊坚果雕刻于2008年被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。故选A。31．主旨大意题。根据第四段“However,thecraftsmanalsosaidthatbringingthiskindofartworktolifeisnoteasy...craftsmenhavetostudyeachpeachpittocarefullyplanouttheirartwork.”可知，将这种艺术品带到生活中并不容易，每个桃核都有自己特殊的纹理，工匠们必须研究每一个桃核，仔细设计他们的艺术品；所以第四段讲述了工匠们在雕刻时遇到的困难。故选D。32．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now,thenumberofinheritorsisabout1,000.ButIbelieveitcouldbebigger.Morecraftsmennowgiveupthetraditionofpassingdowntheskillonlythroughthefamilyandopenituptoanyonewhoisinterestedinlearningtheskill,”可知，现在，继承人的数量约为1000人，但Tan相信它可以更多；现在越来越多的工匠放弃了只通过家庭传承技艺的传统，向任何有兴趣学习这项技艺的人开放；据此可以推断，Tan认为应该有更多的坚果雕刻传承人。故选B。33．观点态度题。根据最后一段“Now,thenumberofinheritorsisabout1,000.ButIbelieveitcouldbebigger.Morecraftsmennowgiveupthetraditionofpassingdowntheskillonlythroughthefamilyandopenituptoanyonewhoisinterestedinlearningtheskill,”可知，Tan对坚果雕刻未来的发展充满了信心。故选D。34．最佳标题题。综合全文，尤其是根据第一段“Manypeoplemaythrowawaythepitsinsidefruitsaftereatingthem,butinheritorsofnutcarvinghaveturnedthemintoartworksinstead.”可知，本文主要介绍了一种特殊工艺——用坚果雕刻艺术品；选项C“用坚果雕刻艺术品”适合作为文章的标题。故选C。二、任务型阅读A请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词。每空一词。PeopleinNorthChinahavemanytraditionalfoods.Themosttypicaloneisthesteamedbun,alsocalledmantou.ItissaidthatthesteamedbunwasinventedbyZhugeLiang.Today,peoplemakebunsofdifferentshapesandcolorstoexpresstheirbestwishes.Thesebunsarecalled“flowerbuns”andtheyhavebecomeaculturalsymbolofgoodluck.Flowerbunsaremainlyusedforfoodandetiquette(礼节).TheyareverypopularinprovinceslikeShanxi,ShaanxiandHebei.Foralongtime,peopletherehaveshowntheirfeelingsthroughflowerbunswithlivelyforms.ThemostfamousflowerbunsinChinaare“WenxiFlowerBuns”ofWenxiCounty,ShanxiProvince.Withahistoryofover1,300years(非物质文化遗产)in2008.Byusingtools,includingscissors,peopleinWenxicanmakeallkindsofshapes,likeflowers,making“WenxiFlowerBuns”takesfourtofivedaysandgoesthroughmorethanahundredsteps.Allofthesestepshavetobedonebyhand.LiuDanmeiisayoungcookfromHebeiProvince.Sheturnsthetraditionalsteamedbunsintobeautifulartworks.Inacreativeway,sheconnectstheartofmakingtraditionalflowerbunswithmodernelements(元素).In2022,LiumadesomesteamedbunswithpatternsaboutBejing.WinterOlympicGames.Hersteamedbunsdrewattentionbothathomeandabroad.

ThesteamedbunisatypicaltraditionalfoodinnorthernChina.Flowerbunsaresteamedbunswith35shapesandcolors.Today,theyhavebecomeacultural36ofgoodluck.Throughflowerbuns,people37theirfeelings.

“WenxiFlowerBuns”ofWenxiCounty,ShanxiProvince,werelistedasChineseIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2008.Itis38tomake“WenxiFlowerBuns”becauseitneedsmorethanahundredstepsbyhand.

LiuDanmei,ayoungcookfromHebeiProvince,turnsthetraditionalsteamedbunsintobeautifulartworks.Sheconnectstheartofmakingtraditionalflowerbunswithmodernelements39.In2022,hersteamedbunswithpatternsaboutBeijingWinterOlympicGamesdrewgreatattention.【答案】35．different36．symbol37．express/show38．difficult/hard39．creatively【知识点】传统工艺、中华文化、说明文、食物【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统食物——花馍。35．根据“Today,peoplemakebunsofdifferentshapesandcolorstoexpresstheirbestwishes.Thesebunsarecalled‘flowerbuns’...”可知，人们制作各种形状和颜色的馒头来表达他们最美好的祝愿，这些馒头被称为“花馍”，即花馍是形状和颜色各异的馒头，名词shapes前需填形容词，形容词different“不同的”符合语境。故填different。36．根据“Thesebunsarecalled‘flowerbuns’andtheyhavebecomeaculturalsymbolofgoodluck.”可知，这些馒头被称为“花馍”，它们已经成为好运的文化象征，a后需填名词单数，名词symbol“象征”符合语境。故填symbol。37．根据“Foralongtime,peopletherehaveshowntheirfeelingsthroughflowerbunswithlivelyforms.”可知，那里的人们都用形状生动的花馍来表达他们的情感，即人们通过花馍来表达自己的感情，句子缺少谓语，时态为一般现在时，主语people为复数，空处需填动词原形，showone’sfeeling与expressone’sfeeling表示“表达/表现某人的感受”，动词express“表达”或show“表现”均符合语境。故填express/show。38．根据“...making“WenxiFlowerBuns”takesfourtofivedaysandgoesthroughmorethanahundredsteps.Allofthesestepshavetobedonebyhand.”可知，制作闻喜花馍需要四到五天的时间，通过一百多个步骤，所有这些步骤都必须手工完成，即制作“闻喜花馍”很难，因为它需要一百多手工步骤，句子为it的特殊句式“Itis+adj+todosth”表示“做某事是……的”，空处需填形容词，形容词difficult/hard表示“困难的”均符合语境。故填difficult/hard。39．根据“Inacreativeway,sheconnectstheartofmakingtraditionalflowerbunswithmodernelements.”可知，她以一种创造性的方式将制作传统花馍的艺术与现代元素联系起来，即她有创作力地将制作传统花馍的艺术与现代元素联系起来，空处需填副词，副词creatively“有创作