2021-2022学年广东省广州市某中学高三（上）月考英语试卷（9月）（附答案详解）

2021.2022学年广东省广州市实验中学高三（上）月考英语试卷

（9月）

A

InAfrica,thehoneyguidebirdscanrespondtohumancalls

toleadpeopletohoney—whatscientistsdescribeasa

mutualisticinteraction,oronethatbenefitsbothcreatures.

Thebirdstweetandflyfromtreetotreetoguidehoneyseekers

tohiddenbccnests,typicallyinsidetrees.Then,humansopen

tlhIVeiVrIeWeOsVtovr1flilnlvdilhlvo/nllVpvV分CAnIIMdt1h1IpVhLziirldV1qOeVCn41n1dvliinllVpckznllhL/eWeOswWaxtlh1pV1i1r

9

favoritefood.

Dogshaveanexcellentsenseofsmell,whichiswhythe

folksatPennVetWorkingDogCenteraretrainingdogsto

identifythesmellofcancerusingtissueandbloodsamples

frompeoplewhosuffer.Thescientistshopetodevelopaway

fordogstoscreensamplesfirst,thenperformfollow-uptesting

onthesamplesthedogsflagged-asystemforspottingcancer

initsearlystages.

Havingasnakewrappedaroundyourneckisn'tnecessarily

whatyouusuallyexpect.ButMonty,a13-year-oldsnakehas

beenhelpingcustomersrelaxwithneckmassages(按摩).It's

unlikelyhewastrainedtodothejobandisjustpulsatinglike

anyothersnakewouldwhenaroundaperson'sneck.

I?rH1PCCt11h11iZc5r)pCvlcllcnVphUcUcUlR/c>oOuUtIfcil1CWKWA/QQIRCI11n1

advance.

TheGuideHorseFoundationhasbeentrainingminiature

horses(thosestanding34inchesorless)asassistanceanimals■一工一,

forthevisuallydamagedsince1999.Miniaturehorsesareideal

serviceanimalsforpeoplewhofeeluncomfortablewithdogs

orwhowantaguideanimalwithalongerlifespan.Thehorses

typicallylivefrom30to40years.

1.Accordingtothetext,whichanimalcanhelpyourelax?

A.Asnake.B.Adog.

C.Ahoneyguidebird.D.Aminiaturehorse.

2.Miniaturehorsescouldserve.

A.blindpeoplewhodislikedogs

B.blindpeoplewhocanlivelonger

C.animalloverswhosearchforhoney

D.animalloverswhosufferfromcancer

3.Thetextisaboutanimals'.

A.specialtrainingB.greatpotentials

C.uniquejobsD.highintelligence

B

Eventhoughsomepeoplebelieve(hatmoneymakes(heworldgoaround,manypeoplewouldchoose

healtheverwealth.ForsomeonelikeviolinistRobertGupta,whewasonhiswaytoheenmingaphysician

beforejoiningtheLosAngelesPhilharmonicatage19,music,health,andwealthareallpartof(hesame

package.

Inadditiontomusic,GuptaisdeeplyinterestedinneurobiologyBecauseofhisinterests,hehashad

thechancetoworkwithNathanielAnthonyAyers,atalentedmusicianwhosecareerwassidelinedby

schizophrenia.AlthoughAyersstudiedmusicattheJuilliardSchoolYorkCity,hismentalillnessgotin

thewayofprofessionalsuccess.

AfterdroppingoutofJulliardandhavingunsuccessfulmedicaltreatmentforhisschizophrenia,Ayers

movedtoLosAngeleswhereheendeduphomeless.In2005,ajournalistfortheLosAngelesTimesnamed

SteveLopezheardAyersplayingmusicinthestreets.LopezwroteabookaboutAyersandbecamehis

friend.Theirfriendshipbecamethesubjectofamovie,andbecauseofthebookandthemovie,Ayershas

hadachancetoperformhismusicinsomeofthemostfamousconcerthallsintheworld.

IlseemedlikeAyershadfoundhishappyending.However,herefusestotakemedicationtotreathis

schizophrenia.Hesaysitkeepshimfrom"hearingthemusic".Becauseofthis,Ayersisstillsubjectto

schizophreniaandsometimesleaveshishometogoback(othestreets.

GuptawasintroducedtoAyersafterLopeztookhisfriendtoaperformanceofBeethoven'sFirstand

Fourthsymphonies,andAyersaskedGuptaforaviolinlesson.Whentheyfirstmet,Ayerswasonedge.

Guptawasafraidthatifhetaughtthelessoninhisusualway,Ayerswouldreactviolently.Finally,hejust

beganplaying.AchangecameoverAyers.Guptasaid,"Andmamiracle,heliftedhisownviolinandhe

startedplaying."Thetwomusiciansplayedmanyviolinpiecestogetherthatday.Abondwasformed.

Music,Guptarealized,isav/aytodealwithouremotions,evenourmostunpleasantones."Thiswas

theveryreasonwhywemademusicthroughourcreativity,we'reabletoshapethoseemotionsinto

reality,"hesays.

Now,Guptasays,"IwillalwaysmakemusicwithNathaniel,whetherwe'reatWaltDisneyConcertHall

oronSkidRow,becauseheremindsmewhyIbecameamusician."

4.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanlearnthatRobertGupta.

A.becameaphysicianattheageof19

B.wasinterestedin(hetreatmentofschizophrenia

C.wasluckytobewealthy,healthyandtalentedinmusic

D.hadlongdreamedtojointheLosAngelesPhilharmonic

5.Ayersgotthechancetoperforminsomefamousconcerthalls(hanksto.

A.SteveLopez'sbookandamovieabout(heirfriendship

B.hisgreateffortstofightagainsthismentalillness

C.RobertGupta'soriginalwayofteachingmusic

D.histalentincomposingandplayingmusic

6.By"onedge"(inparagraph5),theauthormeansthatAyerswas.

A.excitedbutuncertainB.eagerforaviolinlesson

C.nervousandbad-temperedD.anxiousabouthisowncareer

7.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.AGreatMusician.B.TeachingMusic.

C.WhyStudyMusic.D.MusicIsMedicine.

c

Menhunted.Womengathered.Butthediscoveryofawomanburied9,000yearsagointheAndes

Mountainswithweaponsandhuntingtoolschallengesthiswidelyacceptedview.Thewoman,thoughtto

bebetween17and19yearsoldwhenshedied,wasburiedwithitemsthatsuggestedshehuntedbig-game

animalsbyspear(矛)throwing.

Theobjectsaccompanyingpeopleindeathtendtobethosethataccompaniedtheminlife.Although

somescholarshavesuggestedaroleforwomeninancienthunting,othershavedismissedthisideaeven

whenhuntingtoolswereuncoveredinfemaleburials.

Toexaminewhetherthiswomanfoundatthissitewasanexception,theresearchersexamined429

skeletonsat107burialsitesfromaround8,000to14,000yearsago.Ofthose,27individualswereburied

withhuntingtools-11werefemaleand15weremale.Thesamplewassufficientto"justifythe

conclusionthatfemaleparticipationinearlybig-gamehuntingwaslikelynontrivial,"saidleadstudy

authorHaas.

Thefindingsaddtodoubtsabout"man-the-huntcr"assumptionaboutearlyhumanssincetheinid-20th

century.Thattheoryassumesthatitwasmenwhowentoutandhunted,bringinghomemeattofeed

womenandchildren,whowereresponsibleforgatheringberries,plantsandnutstoenrichthediet.

Butrecentresearchsuggestshuntingwasverymuchacommunity-basedaclivily,needingthe

participationofallable-bodiedindividualstodrivelargeanimals,thestudysaid.Meanwhile,thespears

usedatthattimehadlowaccuracy,encouragingparticipation,andusingitwasaskilllearnedfrom

childhood.Womenmayalsohavebeenfreedfromchildcaredemandsby''allo-parcnting"一raising

childrenwasajobsharedbymany.

"Ourfindingshavemademerethinkthemostbasicorganizationalstructureofancienthunter-gatherer

groups,andhumangroupsmoregenerally,"Haassaid.

8.Thediscoveryoftheburiedwomanshows.

A.shewaskilledbyabig-gameanimal

B.shemightusehuntingtoolswhenalive

C.womenweregoodatthrowingspears

D.womenwereburiedaloneafterdeath

9.Theunderlinedword"nontrivial"inParagraph3probablymeans"

A.limitedB.directC.significantD.passive

10.Whichofthefollowingleadtowomen'sinvolvementinhunting?

®allo-parenting（2）big-gamehunting©tasksofgathering®lessaccuratetools

A.©©③B.④C.①③④D.①②④

11.Haasprobablybelievesthat.

A.mostofourancestorswereburiedwithhuntingtools

B.weshouldreconsiderpreviousviewsonhumangroups

C.divisionoflaborinhunter-gatherersocietyremainsunchanged

D.thetombfoundintheAndesjustifies"man-the-hunter"assumption

D

Ablockchainisadatastrucaircthatstorestime-ordereddata:nanever-growinglist,likeanaccounting

ledger（分类账簿）.Theblockchaindatastructureismaintainedusingadistributed,peer-to-peernetwork

ofcomputerswithnocentral"master".Aswithmanynewconcepts,blockchaintechnologygenerates

muchoptimismandalsoahugeamountofinterestandexcitement.Justwhatisitgoodfor?

Inshort,blockchainsmayimproveanyprocesswherepeopleneedtoaccess,confirm,sendorstore

informationsecurely.Thisinformationcouldbeaperson'sidentity,aproduct'sshipmenthistoryordigital

propertylikemoney.

Typicaldatabases,spreadsheets（电子数据表）,andledgersstoreinformationaboutobjects,people,and

theinteractionsbetweenthem.Muchoftheworld'sinformation,fromcreditcardtransactionstomedical

andfinancialrecords,isstoredinthesetypesofsystems.

Thesetypesofsystemshaveconsiderable,well-documentedweaknessesthatarisefromtheirbeing

centralized.Acentralizedrecordishardtounderstandandisexposedtounauthorizedaccessor

distribution.Itisalso,becauseitisa'master'copy,exposedtopermanentchangingordeletion.

Blockchainsarealsoused（ostoreinformation.Crucially,however,theydifferintwoways.

First,informationisparceledupintoblocksandsealed.Bitccin.forexample,whichisthemost

famouspracticalexampleofaproductionblockchain,storesalltransactionsacrossthenetworkeveryten

minutesorsoinasingle,newlyformedblock.Eachblockisthenaddedto(hepreviousone(oformachain.

Second,this"chainofblocks"isnotstoredcentrally.Instead,eachblockiscopiedanddistributed

aroundanentirenetworkofpeers,publicinstitutions,orbusinesses-usingdistributedledgertechnology.

(Theterms"blockchain"and"distributedledger"areoftenusedinterchangeably;forthesakeofclarity,

blockchaintechnologiestendtoemploydistributedledgertechnology.)

Eachtimesomeoneaddsanewblocktothechain,meanwhileitisaddedtoeveryone'scopy.

12.Whatisthebiggeststrengthofablockchain?

A.Itpromotespeople'senthusiasmaboutnewtechnology.

B.Itstrengthensthesecurityofprocessinginformation.

C.Itenablespeopletostoremoredataintimeorder.

D.Itstoresalargepartofworld'sinformation.

13.Thetypicalsystemsusedtostoreinformationareweakinthat.

A.theyaredifficulttooperate.

B.(heycanbeaccessedeasily.

C.theyhaveacentral"master".

D.theystoreconsiderabledocuments.

14.Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby.

A.makingcomparisonsB.givingexamples

C.makingalistD.showingtheeffectandcauses

15.What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Toanalyzetheweaknessesoftypicalsystems.

B.Toencouragethepopularityoftheblockchain.

C.Tointroducethenewconceptoftheblockchain.

D.Tocomparethetwodifferentdatastructures.

BeginningwithChineseeffortstoexploreandconnectwithCentralAsia,theSilkRoadconsistedof

massivesmallroutesandwasnamedafterthesilkcloththeChineseproduced.⑴Throughtheseroutes,

Chinesesilk,porcelain,lacquerworkandironwarewereshippedtotheWest,whilepepper,flax,spices,

grapeandpomegranateenteredChina.

⑵Theypromotedflowofknowledgeaswell.Arabastronomy,calendarandmedicinefoundtheir

waytoChina,whileChina'sfourgreatinventionsandsilkwormbreedingspread(ootherpartsofthe

world.⑶Forexample,BuddhismoriginatedinIndia,blossomedinChinaandwasenrichedin

SoutheastAsia.Confucianism,whichwasborninChina,gainedappreciationbyEuropeanthinkerssuch

asLeibnizandVoltaire.Hereinliestheappealofmutuallearning.

Theancientsilkrouteswitnessedthebusyscenesofvisitsandtradeoverlandandshipscallingatports.

Alongthesemajorroutes,capital,technologyandpeopleflowedfreely.⑷Theancientprosperous

citiesandportsdeveloped,sodidtheRomanEmpireaswellasParthiaandKushanKingdoms.TheHan

andTangDynastiesofChinaentered(hegoldenage.Theancientsilkroutesbroughtprosperitycothese

regionsandcontributedtotheirdevelopment.

SomeregionsalongtheancientSilkRoadusedtobealandofmilkandhoney.Yettoday,theseplaces

areoftenassociatedwithconflict,crisisandchallenge.⑸Now,theBeltandRoadInitiativeintendsto

buildanopenplatformofcooperationandabroadcommunityofsharedinterests.Itwillnotonlyachieve

economicgrowthandbalanceddevelopment,butalsoconnectdifferentcivilizations.Mutual

understanding,mutualrespect,andmutualtrustamongdifferentcountrieswillbeboosted.

A.Moreimportantlyideaswersalsoexchanged.

B.Theancientsilkrouteswerenotonlyfortrade.

C.Goods,resourcesandbenefitswerewidelyshared.

D.Suchstateofaffairsshouldnotbeallowedtocontinue.

E.However,silkwasjustoneofmanygoodstradedontheseroutes.

F.Largeempiresprovidedstabilityandprotectionforthetraderoutes.

G.TheSilkRoadwasneveranactualroad,orevenasinglemassivetraderoute.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

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18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

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19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

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20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

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Theconceptofsolitude(独处)inthedigitalworldisalmostnon-cxistcnt.Intheworldofdigital

technology,e-mail,socialnetworkingandonlinevideogames,informationismeanttobe(21).Solitude

canbehardtodiscoveronceithasbeengivenup.Inthisrespect,newtechnologieshave(22)ourculture.

Thedesiretobeconnectedhasbroughtsolitudetoa(n)(23)aswe'veknownit.Peoplehavebecome

so(24)intheworldofnetworksandconnectionsthatonecanoftenhecontactedevenifthey'drather

notbe.Todaywecantalk,text,e-mail,chatandblog,notonlyfromour(25).butfromourmobile

phonesaswell.

Mostdevelopednationshavebecome(26)ondigitaltechnologysimplybecausethey'vegrown

accustomedtoit,andatthispointnot(27)itwouldmakethemanoutsider.Also,manyjobsandcareers

requirepeopletobe(28).Fromthispointofview,technologyhaschangedthecultureofwork.Being

reachablemightfeellikea(29)tothosewhomaynotwanttobeabletobecontactedatalltirr.es.

Isupposethepositivesideisthatsolitudeisstillpossibleforanyonewho(30)wantsit.Computers

canbeshutdownandmobilephonescanbeturnedoff.Theabilitytobe"connected"and"on"has

many(31),aswellasdisadvantages.Travelershaveendedup(32)onmountains,andmobilephones

havesavedcountlesslives.Theycanalsomakepeoplefeel(33)andforcedtoanswerunwantedcalls

or(34)tounwantedtexts.

Attitudestowardsourconnectednessasasociety(35)acrossgenerations.Somefindtoday's

technologyagift.Othersconsideritacurse.Regardlessofanyone'sviewonthesubject,it'shardio

imaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutdailyadvancementsintechnology.

21.A.updatedB.receivedC.sharedD.collected

22.A.respectedB.shapedC.ignoredD.preserved

23.A.edgeB.stageC.endD.balance

24.A.sensitiveB.intelligentC.considerateD.reachable

25.A.mediaB.computersC.databasesD.monitors

26.A.bentB.hardC.keenD.dependent

27.A.findingB.usingC.protectingD.changing

28.A.connectedB.trainedC.recommendedD.interested

29.A.pleasureB.benefitC.burdenD.disappointment

30.A.slightlyB.hardlyC.merelyD.really

31.A.aspectsB.weaknessesC.advantagesD.exceptions

32.A.hiddenB.lostC.relaxedD.deserted

33.A.trappedB.excitedC.confusedD.amused

34.A.turnB.submitC.objectD.reply

35.A.varyB.ariseC.spreadD.exist

36.Abouttwentyofuswerefbitunateenoughtoreceiveinvitationstoafilm-studiototakepartin

acrowd-scene.⑴our"act"wouldlastonlyforashorttime,vvecouldseequiteanumberof

interestingthings.

Weallstoodatthefarendof(hestudioas⑵(workman)preparedthescene,⑶(set)up

treesattheedgeofawindingpath.Verysoon,brightlightswereturnedonandthebigmovie-camera

waswheeledintoposition.Thedirectorshoutedsomethingtothecamera⑷(operate)andthen

wenttospeaktothetwofamousactorsnearby.⑸itwashotinthestudio,itcameasasurpriseto

ustoseeoneoftheactorsputonaheavyovercoatandstartwalkingalongthepath.Abigfanbegan

blowingtinywhitefeathersdownonhim,andsoonthetreeswerecoveredin"snow”.Twomorefans

wereturnedon,anda"strongwind"⑹(blow)throughthetrees.Thepicturelookedsorealthati(

madeusfeelcold.

Thenextscenewasacompletecontrast.Thewayitwasfilmedwasquite⑺(usual).Pictures

takenon⑻islandinthePacificwereshownonaglassscreen.Anactorandactressstoodoffthe

scenesothattheylookedasiftheywereatthewater'sedgeonanisland.⑼asimpletricklikethis.

palmtrees,sandybeaches,andblue,clearskieshadbeenbroughtintothestudio!

Sinceitwasourturnnext,wewereleftwonderingwhatscenewouldbepreparedforus.Forafull

threeminutesinourlives,(10)wouldbeexperiencingtheexcitementofbeingfilm"stars"!

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37.假定你是李华，前不久利用国庆假期与家人外出游玩并入住某国际连锁酒店。下面是酒店

的外籍经理Mr.Wayne在最近给你发来征求反馈意见(feedback)的电子邮件。请根据以下要

点写一封回邮：

1.对本次酒店入住体验表示肯定；

2.酒店仅在公共区域提供免费WiFi,而房间WiFi收费过高，希望改进；

3.祝愿酒店越办越好。

DearLiHua,

ThankyouforyourrecentstayatHotelMerryTime,where

youspentyourholidaysfromOct.lst-3K1.

Wewouldgreatlyappreciateitifyouwouldtakethetime

togivesomefeedbackonyourstay,whichwillhelpusto

improveourservice.

Doyoulikethefacilities(设施)ofthehotel?

Doyouenjoythefoodofthehotelrestaurant?

Areyousatisfiedwiththeserviceofthehotelstaff?

Anyadvice?

Thankyouforyourtime.Welookforwardtowelcoming

youbacktoMerryTimeinthenearfuture.

Sincerely,

BruceWayne

Sales&MarketingManager

注意：

1.词数120左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.邮件开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入词数。

DearMr.Wayne,

ThankyouforyourE-mailandIamgladtogivefeedbackonmyrecentstayatHotelMerryTime.

Regards,

LiHua

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

"Pickupthepace!"saidAmy'shusband."ButIcan't!"Amysaid,herheartbeatingquicklyinside.

"Ican'tgoanyfaster!Herhusbandencouragedher."Yes,youcan!You'remakingprogressevery

day."

TohelpAmystayhealthy,herhusbandhadbeenrunningwithherforovertwoyears.Several

yearsago,Amycouldbarelywalkdownthestairsofherapartmentbuildingduetofatnesscausedby

eatingdisorders.Sherealizedtheproblemafterafailedjobinterviewandbeganwalkingtoimprove

herabilitytomove.Atfirst,shecouldwalkforonly15minutesatalime.Butshepushedherself

everyday,walking5minuteslongerthanshedidthedaybeforeuntilshewalkedforanhourand

eventuallytwo.Forthreeyears,Amykeptherwalkinghabit,slowlyandpainstakinglybuildingher

bodyshape.Thenshechangedherwalkingshoestorunningshoesabouttwoyearsagoandbecame

anexcellentrunner.

InMarch2001,anadvertisementinvitedpeopletonominate(提名)anordinarypersonwho

inspiredthembringtheOlympicflametoSaltLakeCityastorchbearers(火力巨手)orsupport

runners.(Supportrunnersserveas"guardiansoftheflame"andrunwithtorchbearersalongthe

journey.)Amy'sexperiencestouchedherhusband,sohenominatedher(obeatorchbearer.The

possibilitytobeselectedwaslow,butAmywantedtotry.

RunningtaughtAmytheimportanceoftrainingforarace.Shepicturedherselfrunningaraceand

crossingthefinishline.Formonths,sheranthroughherneighborhoodcarryingabroken-off'broom

handle,feelingtheweightof(hetorch.Shewavedatherneighbors,pretendingtheywerecheering

crowds.Shealsoprintedapictureofatorchbearerwearingthewhiteuniform,replacedthefacewith

apictureofhers,andputitontoherrefrigeratordoor.

Everyday,Amyimaginedherselfasatorchbearer.Shewastrainingforahistoricrunningevent.

OnSeptember26th,whileonherdailyrunthroughherneighborhood,anexpresspackagearrived.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph1:

AmyopeneditandfoundaletterandabookontheOlympics.

Paragraph2:

"Oneoftoday'storchbearerscan'trunherpart,"announcedtherelayorganizer.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、A、C

【解析】1.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种动物的独特职业。

根据表格第三段中的ButMonty,a13-year-oldsnakehasbeenhelpingcustomersrelaxwithneck

massages（按摩）.可知，13岁的蛇Monty通过颈部按摩帮助客人放松。故选A。

2.根据表格最后•段中的Miniaturehorsesareidealserviceanimalsforpeoplewhofeeluncomfortable

withdogsorwhowantaguideanimalwithalongerlifespan.（对于那些和狗在一起感到不舒服的人,

或者想要一个寿命更长的引导动物的人来说，迷你马是理想的服务动物。）可知，小型马可以为

不喜欢狗的盲人服务。故选A。

3.结合全文，文章介绍了四种动物的独特职业。故选C。

4~7.【答案】B、A、C、D

【解析】I.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小提琴家RoberiGupla因为对神经生

物学感兴趣，有机会和NathanielAnthonyAyers一起工作，Ayers患有精神分裂症，Gupta为Ayers

演奏小提琴，使Ayers的病情有所好转。Gupta意识到，音乐是一种处理情绪的方式，即使是最不

愉快的情绪。

根据第二段中的Inadditiontomusic,Gupiaisdeeplyinterestedin••,musicianwhosecareerwas

sidelinedbyschizophrenia.（除了音乐，Gupta对神经生物学非常感兴趣，因为他的兴趣，他有机会

与NathanielAnthonyAyers一起工作，一个有天赋彳日职'也牛涯被精神分裂症功缘化的音乐家。）

可知，RobertGupia对精神分裂症的治疗感兴趣。故选B。

2.根据第三段中的Lopezwroteabookabout…intheworld.（Lopez写了一本关于Ayers的书，并成

为了他的朋友。他们的友谊成了一部电影的主题，因为这本书和这部电影，Ayers有机会在世界上

一些最著名的音乐厅演奏他的音乐。）可知，因为Lopez的书和一部关于他们友谊的电影，Ayers

有机会在一些著名的音乐厅演出。故选A。

3.根据划线词后文Guptawasafraidthatifhetaughtthelessoninhisusualway,Ayerswouldreact

violenily.可知，Gupia担心，如果他以惯常的方式给Ayers上深，他会做出激烈的反应，可见他们

第一次见面时，Ayers很紧张。故划线词意思是“紧张易怒的"。故选C。

4.根据倒数第二段内容（古普塔意识到，音乐是一种处理我们情绪的方式，即使是我们最不愉快

的情绪。他说：“这就是我们通过创造力制作音乐的原因，我们能够将这些情感塑造成现实。”）

及结合文章主要讲述了小提琴家RoberiGupla因为对神经生物学感兴趣，有机会和Nathaniel

AnthonyAyers一起工作，Ayers患有精神分裂症，Gupta为Ayers演奏小提琴，使Ayers的病情有

所好转。Gupta意识到，音乐是•种处理情绪的方式，即使是最不愉快的情绪。由此可知，D选项

（音乐是良药）最符合文章标题。故选D。

8~11.【答案】B、C^D^B

【解析】1.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。研究了古代狩拈中女性所扮演的角色，介绍了狩猎群

体的组织结构。

根据第一段中的Thewoman,thoughttobebetween17and19yearsoldwhenshedied,wasburiedwith

itemsthatsuggestedshehuntedbig-gameanimalsbyspear（矛）throwing.（这名女性被认为死的时候

在17岁到19岁之间，埋葬的物品表明她用长矛猎杀大型猎物）。），研究人员发现的女性说明她

活着的时候可能会用打猎工具，故选B“

2.根据第三段中的Ofthose,27individualswereburied-saidleadstudyauthorHaas.（其中，27人埋

葬的地方有狩猎工具，其中II人是女性，15人是男性。研究报告的主要作者Haas说，这一样本

足以证明“女性参与早期大型狩猎活动可能是nontrivial”的结论。）可知，在研究中发现的埋葬

的地方有狩猎工具的男女比例相当，因此，女性在早期大型狩猎中有参与这一观点应当是正确的，

足有重要意义的，故选C。

3.根据第五段内容（但最近的研究表明，狩猎在很大程度上是•种以社区为基础的活动，需要所

有身体健全的人参与大型动物的狩猎。同时，当时使用的长矛精度不高，所以鼓励大家都参与，

使用长矛是从小学习的技能。女性也可以通过“另类育儿”从育儿需求中解脱出来一一扶养孩子

是许多人共同的工作。）可知，另类育儿解放了女性，大型狩猎以及使用的低精度的工具需要女

性参与狩猎，也就是①②④导致女性参与狩猎，故选D.

4.最后一段内容（Hass说：“我们的发现让我重新思考了古代狩猎-采集群体以及更广泛意义上的

人类群体最基本的组织结构。”）可知，Haas认为我们应当重新思考之前对人类群体的看法。故

选Bo

12〜15.【答案】B、C、A、C

【解析】1.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了区块链的相关知识。

根据第一段最后提出问题Justwhalisilgoodfor?（好处是什么？）及第二段回答这个问题block

chainsmayimproveanyprocesswherepeopleneedtoaccess,confirm,sendorstoreinformationsecurely

（区块链可以改善任何人们需要安全访问、确认、发送或存储信息的过程）可知，区块链的优势

是增强人们信息处理的安全性。故选B。

2.根据第四段内容（这些类型的系统有相当多的、充分记录的弱点，这些弱点源于它们的集中化。

集中式记录很难理解，容易被未经授权的访问或分发。因为它是一个“主”拷贝，所以它也可能

被永久更改或删除。）可知，这种系统的缺点在于集中化。故选C。

3.根据第五段中的Blockchainsarealsousedtostoreinformation.Crucially,however,theydifferintwo

ways.（区块链也被用来存储信息。但关健的是，它们在两个方面有所不同。）可知，文章是围绕

将区块链和典型的存储系统作比较而展开的。下文是说明区块链存储信息方式的不同。故选A。

4.文章第一、二段介绍区块链的概念和好处，第三、四段介绍典型系统存储信息，第六、七、八

段介绍区块链存储信息的不同之处。因此本文是介绍区块链这一新的概念。故选C。

16~2（）.【答案】E、B、A、C、D

【解析】1.【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了丝绸之路的发展历史和意义，不仅有物资贸易，

也有知识传播和观念的交流。现在的“一带一路”提供了一个合作、均衡发展的平台。

根据空前一句B